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I did most of the work

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1 most *****

[məʊst] superl of many, much
1. adj

1) più (di tutti)

the most pleasure — il piacere più grande

who has (the) most money? — chi ha più soldi (di tutti)?

for the most part — in gran parte, per la maggior parte

he won the most votes — ha avuto più voti degli altri

2)

(the majority of) most men — la maggior parte or la grande maggioranza degli uomini

most fish — la maggior parte dei pesci

most people — quasi tutti

most people go out on Friday night — quasi tutti escono venerdì sera

2. pron

most of it/them — quasi tutto/tutti

most of the money/her friends/the time — la maggior parte dei soldi/dei suoi amici/del tempo

I know most of them — conosco gran parte di loro

do the most you can — fai più che puoi

I did most of the work — ho fatto gran parte del lavoro

at most or at the (very) most — al massimo

two hours at the most — due ore al massimo

to make the most of sth — sfruttare al massimo qc, trarre il massimo vantaggio da qc

he made the most of his holiday — ha sfruttato al massimo la vacanza

make the most of it! — approfittane!

3. adv

1) (spend, eat, work, sleep) di più

I saw most — ho visto più io

the most attractive/difficult/comfortable — il (la)più attraente/difficile/confortevole

the most expensive restaurant — il ristorante più caro

which one did it most easily? — chi ha avuto più facilità a farlo?

the thing she most feared — la cosa che temeva di più

he's the one who talks most — lui è quello che parla di più

2)

(very) most likely — molto probabilmente

a most interesting book — un libro estremamente interessante

a most unusual choice — una scelta estremamente insolita

English-Italian dictionary > most *****
2 the course of true love never did run smooth

посл.

путь истинной любви никогда не бывает гладким [шекспировское выражение; см. цитату]

Lysander: "Ah me! for aught that ever I could read, Could ever hear by tale or history, The course of true love never did run smooth... " (W. Shakespeare, ‘A Midsummer Night's Dream’, act I, sc. 1) — Лизандр: "Увы! Я никогда еще не слышал И не читал - в истории ли, в сказке ль, Чтоб гладким был путь истинной любви... " (перевод Т. Щепкиной-Куперник)

Ralph's letter was a long, involved, and - in Etta's opinion - priggish document, beginning with another string of apologies, repeating most of what he had said, and going over all their past. Quite a valuable essay on the theme of the course of true love never did run smooth, Etta thought sardonically. (R. Aldington, ‘Women Must Work’, part III, ch. 7) — Письмо Ральфа было длинным, запутанным и, по мнению Этты, самодовольным. Вначале шли извинения, большинство которых она уже слышала, а затем излагалась вся их прошлая жизнь. "Весьма ценный очерк на тему о том, что путь истинной любви никогда не бывает гладким", - саркастически подумала Этта.

Large English-Russian phrasebook > the course of true love never did run smooth
3 in the world

1) очень, совершенно,...на свете; в конце концов (употр. для усиления, обыкн. в вопросительных предложениях)

He was... the most retiring man in the world. (Ch. Dickens, ‘Sketches by Boz’, ‘Mr. Minns’) — Он был... склонен к уединению как никто на свете.

He might have all the talent in the world, she thought, but he couldn't afford to take her to such a place for lunch. (R. Aldington, ‘Women Must Work’, part III, ch. XII) — При всех своих талантах, думала Этта, Реймонд не может позволить себе пригласить меня на завтрак в такой ресторан, в какой я пригласила его.

Where in the world did you disappear to yesterday?.. One minute you were here, and the next minute you were gone! I looked for you everywhere. (M. Wilson, ‘Meeting at a Far Meridian’, ch. 5) — Куда это вы вчера исчезли?.. Не успел я оглянуться, как вас и след простыл. Я искал вас повсюду.

2) разг. когда-либо, вообще, совсем (употр. обыкн. в отрицательных конструкциях)

Come, sit down again. No reason in the world to get upset. (S. Heym, ‘The Crusaders’, book I, ch. 5) — Идите сюда, садитесь. Нет совершенно никаких оснований расстраиваться.

I never in the world would have believed such an obvious lie. (RHD) — Я ни за что на свете не поверил бы такой явной лжи.

Large English-Russian phrasebook > in the world
4 Costa Gomes, Francisco da

(1914-2001)

   Career military officer, key personality, and authority in transition from dictatorship to democracy, and president of the republic. Born in the remote, poor, Trás-Os-Montes district, Costa Gomes was trained as an army officer and gained experience and promotions in many postings in Portugal's overseas empire from Macau, China, to Angola and Mozambique. As a lieutenant colonel in the post of undersecretary of the army in April 1961, he was implicated in a military coup plot to overthrow Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar. Although he was fired, Costa Gomes rebuilt his bridges, was promoted to brigadier general in 1964, and soon was appointed to important commands in the colonial wars in Portuguese Africa: first in Mozambique (1965-69) and then in Angola (1970-72). In September 1972, he returned to Portugal as head of the joint chiefs of staff, a post he kept until he broke with Prime Minister Marcello Caetano in early 1974.

   During the last part of Caetano's governance, General Costa Gomes, in tandem with his senior, more famous and charismatic colleague in arms, General Antônio de Spínola, was involved in activities that led to the organization of a successful military coup on 25 April 1974, which overthrew the 48-year-old Estado Novo. Although younger officers did most of the work organizing this action, Costa Gomes played a key role, including authorizing the publication of the sensational book by General Spínola, Portugal e o Futuro, published only two months before the Revolution of Carnations in February 1974. Spinola's book acknowledged that Portugal had to find a political not a military solution to the wars in her African colonies, and the public reception of the work helped prepare the atmosphere for a bloodless coup.

   After the successful coup by the Armed Forces Movement and the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Costa Gomes was appointed chief of defense staff. When General Spínola resigned in September 1974, Costa Gomes became president, a post he ably filled until June 1976, when General Ramalho Eanes was elected president of the republic. Costa Gomes soon withdrew from the public eye, but in 1981 was promoted to Portugal's highest military rank of marshal.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Costa Gomes, Francisco da
5 Usage note : do

The direct French equivalent of the verb to do in subject + to do + object sentences is faire:

she’s doing her homework

= elle fait ses devoirs

what are you doing?

= qu’est-ce que tu fais?

what has he done with the newspaper?

= qu’est-ce qu’il a fait du journal?

faire functions in very much the same way as to do does in English and it is safe to assume it will work in the great majority of cases. For the conjugation of the verb faire, see the French verb tables.

Grammatical functions

In questions

In French there is no use of an auxiliary verb in questions equivalent to the use of do in English.

When the subject is a pronoun, the question is formed in French either by inverting the subject and verb and putting a hyphen between the two ( veux-tu?) or by prefacing the subject + verb by est-ce que (literally is it that):

do you like Mozart?

= aimes-tu Mozart? or est-ce que tu aimes Mozart?

did you put the glasses in the cupboard?

= as-tu mis les verres dans le placard? or est-ce que tu as mis les verres dans le placard?

When the subject is a noun there are again two possibilities:

did your sister ring?

= est-ce que ta sœur a téléphoné? or ta sœur a-t-elle téléphoné?

did Max find his keys?

= est-ce que Max a trouvé ses clés? or Max a-t-il trouvé ses clés?

In negatives

Equally, auxiliaries are not used in negatives in French:

I don’t like Mozart

= je n’aime pas Mozart

you didn’t feed the cat

= tu n’as pas donné à manger au chat

don’t do that!

= ne fais pas ça!

In emphatic uses

There is no verbal equivalent for the use of do in such expressions as I DO like your dress. A French speaker will find another way, according to the context, of expressing the force of the English do. Here are a few useful examples:

I DO like your dress

= j’aime beaucoup ta robe

I DO hope she remembers

= j’espère qu’elle n’oubliera pas

I DO think you should see a doctor

= je crois vraiment que tu devrais voir un médecin

When referring back to another verb

In this case the verb to do is not translated at all:

I don’t like him any more than you do

= je ne l’aime pas plus que toi

I live in Oxford and so does Lily

= j’habite à Oxford et Lily aussi

she gets paid more than I do

= elle est payée plus que moi

I haven’t written as much as I ought to have done

= je n’ai pas écrit autant que j’aurais dû

‘I love strawberries’ ‘so do I’

= ‘j’adore les fraises’ ‘moi aussi’

In polite requests

In polite requests the phrase je vous en prie can often be used to render the meaning of do:

do sit down

= asseyez-vous, je vous en prie

do have a piece of cake

= prenez un morceau de gâteau, je vous en prie

‘may I take a peach?’ ‘yes, do’

= ‘puis-je prendre une pêche?’ ‘je vous en prie’

In imperatives

In French there is no use of an auxiliary verb in imperatives:

don’t shut the door

= ne ferme pas la porte

don’t tell her anything

= ne lui dis rien

do be quiet!

= tais-toi!

In tag questions

French has no direct equivalent of tag questions like doesn’t he? or didn’t it? There is a general tag question n’est-ce pas? (literally isn’t it so?) which will work in many cases:

you like fish, don’t you?

= tu aimes le poisson, n’est-ce pas?

he lives in London, doesn’t he?

= il habite à Londres, n’est-ce pas?

However, n’est-ce pas can very rarely be used for positive tag questions and some other way will be found to express the meaning contained in the tag: par hasard can often be useful as a translation:

Lola didn’t phone, did she?

= Lola n’a pas téléphoné par hasard?

Paul doesn’t work here, does he?

= Paul ne travaille pas ici par hasard?

In many cases the tag is not translated at all and the speaker’s intonation will convey what is implied:

you didn’t tidy your room, did you? (i.e. you ought to have done)

= tu n’as pas rangé ta chambre?

In short answers

Again, there is no direct French equivalent for short answers like yes I do, no he doesn’t etc. Where the answer yes is given to contradict a negative question or statement, the most useful translation is si:

‘Marion didn’t say that’ ‘yes she did’

= ‘Marion n’a pas dit ça’ ‘si’

‘they don’t sell vegetables at the baker’s’ ‘yes they do’

= ‘ils ne vendent pas les légumes à la boulangerie’ ‘si’

In response to a standard enquiry the tag will not be translated:

‘do you like strawberries?’ ‘yes I do’

= ‘aimez-vous les fraises?’ ‘oui ’

For more examples and particular usages, see the entry do.

Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : do
6 Historical Portugal

   Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.

   A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.

   Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140

   The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."

   In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.

   The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.

   Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385

   Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in

   Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.

   The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.

   Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580

   The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.

   The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.

   What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.

   By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.

   Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.

   The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.

   By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.

   In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.

   Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640

   Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.

   Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.

   On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.

   Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822

   Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.

   Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.

   In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the

   Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.

   Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.

   Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.

   Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910

   During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.

   Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.

   Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.

   Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.

   Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.

   As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.

   First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26

   Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.

   The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.

   Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.

   The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74

   During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."

   Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.

   For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),

   and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.

   The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.

   With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.

   During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.

   The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.

   At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.

   The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.

   Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76

   Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.

   Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.

   In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.

   In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.

   In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.

   The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until

   UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.

   Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000

   After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.

   From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.

   Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.

   Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.

   In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.

   In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.

   Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.

    Contemporary Portugal

   Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.

   The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.

   Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.

   Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).

   All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.

   The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.

   After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.

   Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.

   Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.

   From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.

   Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.

   In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.

   An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal
7 go

go ⇒ Usage note: go

A vi (3^e pers sg prés goes ; prét went ; pp gone)

1 (move, travel) aller (from de ; to à, en) ; to go to London/Paris aller à Londres/Paris ; to go to Wales/to Ireland/to California aller au Pays de Galles/en Irlande/en Californie ; to go to town/to the country aller en ville/à la campagne ; they went home ils sont rentrés chez eux ; she's gone to Paris elle est allée à Paris ; to go up/down/across monter/descendre/traverser ; I went into the room je suis entré dans la pièce ; to go by bus/train/plane voyager en bus/train/avion ; we went there by bus nous y sommes allés en bus ; to go by ou past [person, vehicle] passer ; that car's going very fast! cette voiture roule très vite! ; there he goes again! ( that's him again) le revoilà! ; fig ( he's starting again) le voilà qui recommence!, c'est reparti! ; who goes there? Mil qui va là? ; where do we go from here? fig et maintenant qu'est-ce qu'on fait? ;

2 (on specific errand, activity) aller ; to go shopping aller faire des courses ; to go swimming (in sea, river) aller se baigner ; ( in pool) aller à la piscine ; to go for a walk aller se promener ; to go on a journey/on holiday partir en voyage/en vacances ; to go for a drink aller prendre un verre ; he's gone to get some wine il est allé chercher du vin ; go and answer the phone va répondre au téléphone ; go and tell them that… va leur dire que… ; go after him! poursuivez-le! ;

3 ( attend) aller ; to go to school/ church aller à l'école/l'église ; to go to work aller or se rendre au travail ; to go to the doctor's/dentist's aller chez le médecin/dentiste ;

4 ( used as auxiliary with present participle) she went running up the stairs elle a monté l'escalier en courant ; she went complaining to the principal elle est allée se plaindre au directeur ;

5 ( depart) partir ; I must go, I must be going il faut que je parte or que je m'en aille ; the train goes at six o'clock le train part à six heures ; a train goes every hour il y a un train toutes les heures ; to go on holiday partir en vacances ; be gone! va-t'en!, allez-vous en! ;

6 euph ( die) mourir, disparaître ; when I am gone quand je ne serai plus là ; the doctors say she could go at any time d'après les médecins elle risque de mourir d'un instant à l'autre ;

7 ( disappear) partir ; half the money goes on school fees la moitié de l'argent part en frais de scolarité ; the money/cake has all gone il ne reste plus d'argent/de gâteau ; I left my bike outside and now it's gone j'ai laissé mon vélo dehors et il n'est plus là or il a disparu ; there goes my chance of winning! c'en est fait de mes chances de gagner! ;

8 (be sent, transmitted) it can't go by post on ne peut pas l'envoyer par la poste ; these proposals will go before parliament ces propositions seront soumises au parlement ;

9 ( become) to go red rougir ; to go white blanchir ; his hair ou he is going grey il commençe à avoir les cheveux blancs ; to go mad devenir fou/folle ; to go bankrupt faire faillite ;

10 ( change over to new system) to go Labour/Conservative Pol [country, constituency] voter travailliste/conservateur ; to go metric adopter le système métrique ; ⇒ private, public ;

11 (be, remain) the people went hungry les gens n'avaient rien à manger ; we went for two days without food nous avons passé deux jours sans rien manger ; to go unnoticed passer inaperçu ; to go unpunished rester impuni ; the question went unanswered la question est restée sans réponse ; to go naked se promener tout nu ; he was allowed to go free il a été libéré or remis en liberté ;

12 (weaken, become impaired) his memory/mind is going il perd la mémoire/l'esprit ; his hearing is going il devient sourd ; my voice is going je n'ai plus de voix ; the battery is going la batterie est presque à plat ; the engine is going le moteur a des ratés ;

13 ( of time) ( elapse) s'écouler ; three hours went by before… trois heures se sont écoulées avant que… (+ subj) ; there are only three days to go before Christmas il ne reste plus que trois jours avant Noël ; how's the time going? quelle heure est-il? ; it's just gone seven o'clock il est un peu plus de sept heures ;

14 ( be got rid of) he's totally inefficient, he'll have to go! il est complètement incapable, il va falloir qu'on se débarrasse de lui! ; that new lampshade is hideous, it'll have to go! ce nouvel abat-jour est affreux, il va falloir qu'on s'en débarrasse! ; the car will have to go il va falloir vendre la voiture ; either she goes or I do! c'est elle ou moi! ; six down and four to go! six de faits, et encore quatre à faire! ;

15 (operate, function) [vehicle, machine, clock] marcher, fonctionner ; to set [sth] going mettre [qch] en marche ; to get going [engine, machine] se mettre en marche ; fig [business] démarrer ; to get the fire going allumer le feu ; to keep going [person, business, machine] tenir le coup ○, se maintenir ; we have several projects going at the moment nous avons plusieurs projets en route en ce moment ; ⇒ keep ;

16 ( start) let's get going! allons-y!, allez, on commençe! ; we'll have to get going on that translation il va falloir qu'on se mette à faire cette traduction ; to get things going mettre les choses en train ; ready, steady, go! à vos marques, prêts, partez! ; here goes!, here we go! c'est parti! ; once he gets going, he never stops une fois lancé, il n'arrête pas ;

17 ( lead) aller, conduire, mener (to à) ; that corridor goes to the kitchen le couloir va or conduit à la cuisine ; the road goes down to the sea/goes up the mountain la route descend vers la mer/monte au sommet de la montagne ; this road goes past the cemetery ce chemin passe à côté du cimetière ;

18 ( extend in depth or scope) the roots of the plant go very deep les racines de la plante s'enfoncent très profondément ; the historical reasons for this conflict go very deep les raisons historiques de ce conflit remontent très loin ; these habits go very deep ces habitudes sont profondément ancrées or enracinées ; as far as that goes pour ce qui est de cela ; it's true as far as it goes c'est vrai dans un sens or dans une certaine mesure ; she'll go far! elle ira loin! ; this time he's gone too far! cette fois il est allé trop loin! ; a hundred pounds doesn't go far these days on ne va pas loin avec cent livres sterling de nos jours ; one leg of lamb doesn't go very far among twelve people un gigot d'agneau n'est pas suffisant pour douze personnes ; this goes a long way towards explaining his attitude ceci explique en grande partie son attitude ; you can make £5 go a long way on peut faire beaucoup de choses avec 5 livres sterling ;

19 (belong, be placed) aller ; where do these plates go? où vont ces assiettes? ; that table goes beside the bed cette table va à côté du lit ; the suitcases will have to go in the back il va falloir mettre les valises derrière ;

20 ( fit) gen rentrer ; it won't go into the box ça ne rentre pas dans la boîte ; five into four won't go quatre n'est pas divisible par cinq ; three into six goes twice six divisé par trois, ça fait deux ;

21 (be expressed, sung etc in particular way) I can't remember how the poem goes je n'arrive pas à me rappeler le poème ; how does the song go? quel est l'air de la chanson? ; the song goes something like this la chanson ressemble à peu près à ça ; as the saying goes comme dit le proverbe ; the story goes that le bruit court que, on dit que ; her theory goes something like this… sa théorie consiste à peu près à dire que… ;

22 ( be accepted) what he says goes c'est lui qui fait la loi ; it goes without saying that il va sans dire que ; that goes without saying cela va sans dire ; anything goes tout est permis ;

23 ( be about to) to be going to do aller faire ; it's going to snow il va neiger ; I was just going to phone you j'étais justement sur le point de t'appeler, j'allais justement t'appeler ; I'm going to phone him right now je vais l'appeler tout de suite ; I'm not going to be treated like that! je ne vais pas me laisser faire comme ça! ; we were going to go to Italy, but we changed our plans nous devions aller en Italie, mais nous avons changé d'idée ;

24 ( happen) the party went very well la soirée s'est très bien passée ; so far the campaign is going well jusqu'à maintenant la campagne a bien marché ; how did the evening go? comment s'est passée la soirée? ; the way things are going, I don't think we'll ever get finished vu la façon dont les choses se passent or si ça continue comme ça, je pense qu'on n'aura jamais fini ; how's it going ○ ?, how are things going? comment ça va ○ ? ; how goes it? hum comment ça va ○ ?, comment va ◑ ? ;

25 ( be on average) it's old, as Australian towns go c'est une ville assez vieille pour une ville australienne ; it wasn't a bad party, as parties go c'était une soirée plutôt réussie par rapport à la moyenne ;

26 ( be sold) the house went for over £100,000 la maison a été vendue à plus de 100 000 livres ; we won't let the house go for less than £100,000 nous ne voulons pas vendre la maison à moins de 100 000 livres ; those rugs are going cheap ces tapis ne sont pas chers ; the house will go to the highest bidder la maison sera vendue au plus offrant ; ‘going, going, gone!’ ( at auction) ‘une fois, deux fois, trois fois, adjugé!’ ;

27 ( be on offer) I'll have some coffee, if there's any going je prendrai bien un café, s'il y en a ; are there any drinks going? est-ce qu'il y a quelque chose à boire? ; I'll have whatever's going je prendrai ce qu'il y a ; it's the best machine going c'est la meilleure machine sur le marché ; there's a job going at their London office il y a un poste libre dans leur bureau de Londres ;

28 ( contribute) the money will go towards a new roof l'argent servira à payer un nouveau toit ; the elements that go to make a great film les éléments qui font un bon film ; everything that goes to make a good teacher toutes les qualités d'un bon enseignant ;

29 ( be given) [award, prize] aller (to à) ; [estate, inheritance, title] passer (to à) ; the money will go to charity les bénéfices iront aux bonnes œuvres ; most of the credit should go to the author la plus grande partie du mérite revient à l'auteur ; the job went to a local man le poste a été donné à un homme de la région ;

30 ( emphatic use) she's gone and told everybody! elle est allée le dire à tout le monde! ; why did he go and spoil it? pourquoi est-il allé tout gâcher ? ; you've gone and ruined everything! tu t'es débrouillé pour tout gâcher! ; he went and won the competition! il s'est débrouillé pour gagner le concours! ; you've really gone and done it now! tu peux être fier de toi! iron ; then he had to go and lose his wallet comme s'il ne manquait plus que ça, il a perdu son portefeuille ;

31 ( of money) (be spent, used up) all his money goes on drink tout son argent passe dans l'alcool ; most of his salary goes on rent la plus grande partie de son salaire passe dans le loyer ; I don't know where all my money goes (to)! je ne sais pas ce que je fais de mon argent! ;

32 (make sound, perform action or movement) gen faire ; [bell, alarm] sonner ; the cat went ‘miaow’ le chat a fait ‘miaou’ ; wait until the bell goes attends que la cloche sonne ( subj) ; she went like this with her fingers elle a fait comme ça avec ses doigts ; so he goes ‘what about my money ○ ?’ et puis il dit or il fait, ‘et mon argent?’ ;

33 (resort to, have recourse to) to go to war [country] entrer en guerre ; [soldier] partir à la guerre ; to go to law GB ou to the law US aller en justice ;

34 (break, collapse etc) [roof] s'effondrer ; [cable, rope] se rompre, céder ; ( fuse) [light bulb] griller ;

35 (bid, bet) aller ; I'll go as high as £100 j'irai jusqu'à 100 livres sterling ; I went up to £100 je suis allé jusqu'à 100 livres sterling ;

36 ( take one's turn) you go next c'est ton tour après, c'est à toi après ; you go first après vous ;

37 ( be in harmony) those two colours don't go together ces deux couleurs ne vont pas ensemble ; the curtains don't go with the carpet les rideaux ne vont pas avec le tapis ; white wine goes better with fish than red wine le vin blanc va mieux avec le poisson que le rouge ;

38 ○ euph ( relieve oneself) aller aux toilettes ;

39 US ( in takeaway) to go à emporter ; two hamburgers to go! deux hamburgers à emporter!

B vtr (3^e pers sg prés goes ; prét went ; pp gone) ( see usage note)

1 ( travel) we had gone ten miles before we realized that… nous avions déjà fait dix kilomètres quand nous nous sommes rendu compte que… ; are you going my way? tu vas dans la même direction que moi? ; to go one's own way fig suivre son chemin ;

2 ○ (bet, bid) I go two diamonds ( in cards) j'annonce deux carreaux ; he went £20 il a mis or parié 20 livres sterling.

C n (pl goes)

1 GB ( person's turn) tour m ; ( try) essai m ; it's your go ( in game) c'est ton tour, c'est à toi ; whose go is it? gen à qui le tour? ; ( in game) à qui de jouer? ; you've had two goes ( in game) tu as eu deux tours ; ( two attempts at mending sth) tu as déjà essayé deux fois ; to have a go at sth essayer de faire qch ; have another go! essaie encore une fois or un coup! ; she had several goes at the exam elle a repassé l'examen plusieurs fois ; I had to have several goes before passing j'ai dû m'y reprendre à plusieurs fois avant de réussir ;

2 ○ ( energy) dynamisme m ; to be full of go, to be all go être très dynamique, avoir beaucoup d'allant ; he has no go in him il manque de dynamisme ;

3 ○ GB ( bout) ( of illness) attaque f ;

4 ⇒ Games and sports ( board game) go m.

D adj all systems are go! Aerosp tout est paré pour le lancement!

Idioms

to have a go at sb s'en prendre à qn ; to make a go of sth réussir qch ; she's always on the go elle n'arrête jamais ; he's all go ○ ! il n'arrête pas! ; it's all the go ○ ! ça fait fureur! ; we have several different projects on the go at the moment nous avons plusieurs projets différents en chantier or en cours en ce moment ; (it's) no go! pas question! ; from the word go dès le départ ; that was a near go ○ ! on l'a échappé belle! ; in one go d'un seul coup ; to go one better than sb renchérir sur qn ; that's how it goes!, that's the way it goes! ainsi va le monde!, c'est la vie! ; there you go ○ ! voilà!

Phrasal verbs

■ go about:

▶ go about

1 = go around ;

2 Naut virer de bord ; prepare to go about! parer à virer! ;

▶ go about [sth]

1 ( undertake) s'attaquer à [task] ; how do you go about writing a novel? comment est-ce que vous vous y prenez pour écrire un roman? ; he knows how to go about it il sait s'y prendre ;

2 ( be busy with) to go about one's business vaquer à ses occupations ; she went about her work mechanically elle faisait son travail machinalement.

■ go across:

▶ go across traverser ; he's gone across to the shop/neighbour's il est allé au magasin en face/chez les voisins en face ;

▶ go across [sth] traverser [street, river, bridge etc].

■ go after:

▶ go after [sth/sb]

1 ( chase) poursuivre [person] ;

2 fig ( try hard to get) he really went after that job il a fait tout son possible pour avoir ce travail.

■ go against:

▶ go against [sb/sth]

1 ( prove unfavourable to) the vote/verdict/decision went against them le vote/le verdict/la décision leur a été défavorable or n'a pas été en leur faveur ; the war is going against them la guerre tourne à leur désavantage ;

2 ( conflict with) être contraire à [rules, principles] ; to go against the trend aller à l'encontre de or être contraire à la tendance ; to go against the party line Pol ne pas être dans la ligne du parti ;

3 (resist, oppose) s'opposer à, aller à l'inverse de [person, sb's wishes].

■ go ahead

1 ( go in front) go ahead, I'll follow you on partez devant, je vous suis ;

2 fig ( proceed) go! ( in conversation) continue! ; go ahead and shoot! vas-y, tire! ; they are going ahead with the project ils ont décidé de mettre le projet en route ; we can go ahead without them nous pouvons continuer sans eux ; next week's strike is to go ahead la grève de la semaine prochaine va avoir lieu.

■ go along

1 ( move along) [person, vehicle] aller, avancer ; to make sth up as one goes along fig inventer qch au fur et à mesure ;

2 ( attend) aller ; she went along as a witch elle y est allée déguisée en sorcière ; I went along as a witness j'y suis allé or je me suis présenté comme témoin.

■ go along with:

▶ go along with [sb/sth] être d'accord avec, accepter [plans, wishes] ; I can't go along with that je ne peux pas accepter ça ; I'll go along with you there je suis d'accord avec vous sur ce point.

■ go around:

▶ go around

1 (move, travel about) se promener, circuler ; to go around naked/barefoot se promener tout nu/pieds nus ; she goes around on a bicycle elle circule à bicyclette ; they go around everywhere together ils vont partout ensemble ;

2 ( circulate) [rumour] courir ; there's a rumour going around that le bruit court que ; there's a virus going around il y a un virus qui traîne ; there isn't enough money to go around il n'y a pas assez d'argent pour tout le monde ;

▶ go around [sth] faire le tour de [house, shops, area] ; to go around the world faire le tour du monde ; they went around the country looking for him ils l'ont cherché dans tout le pays.

■ go at:

▶ go at [sb] ( attack) attaquer, tomber sur ;

▶ go at [sth] s'attaquer à, s'atteler à [task, activity].

■ go away [person] partir ; to go away on holiday GB ou vacation US partir en vacances ; go away and leave me alone! va-t-en et laisse-moi tranquille! ; go away and think about it réfléchissez-y ; don't go away thinking that ne va pas croire que ; this cold/headache just won't go away! je n'arrive pas à me débarrasser de ce rhume/mal de tête! ; the problems aren't just going to go away! les problèmes ne vont pas disparaître tout seuls!

■ go back

1 ( return) retourner ; ( turn back) rebrousser chemin, faire demi-tour ; ( resume work) reprendre le travail ; (resume classes, studies) reprendre les cours ; as it was raining, they decided to go back comme il pleuvait, ils ont décidé de faire demi-tour or de rebrousser chemin ; they went back home ils sont rentrés chez eux ; let's go back to France rentrons en France ; to go back to the beginning recommencer ; to go back to sleep se rendormir ; to go back to work/writing se remettre au travail/à écrire ; go back! the path isn't safe reculez! le chemin est dangereux ; once you've committed yourself, there's no going back une fois que vous vous êtes engagé, vous ne pouvez plus reculer ;

2 ( in time) remonter ; to go back in time remonter dans le temps ; to understand the problem we need to go back 20 years pour comprendre le problème il faut remonter 20 ans en arrière ; this tradition goes back a century cette tradition est vieille d'un siècle ; we go back a long way ça fait longtemps qu'on se connaît ;

3 ( revert) revenir (to à) ; to go back to teaching revenir à l'enseignement ; to go back to being a student reprendre des études ; let's go back to what we were discussing yesterday revenons à ce que dont nous parlions hier.

■ go back on:

▶ go back on [sth] revenir sur [promise, decision].

■ go before:

▶ go before ( go in front) aller au devant ; fig ( in time) se passer avant ; all that had gone before tout ce qui s'était passé avant ;

▶ go before [sb/sth] [person] comparaître devant [court, judge] ; the bill went before parliament le projet de loi a été soumis au parlement.

■ go below gen, Naut descendre.

■ go by:

▶ go by [person] passer ; [time] passer, s'écouler ; as time goes by avec le temps ; don't let such opportunities go by il ne faut pas laisser passer de telles occasions ;

▶ go by [sth]

1 ( judge by) juger d'après ; to go by appearances juger d'après or sur les apparences ; going by her looks, I'd say she was about 30 à la voir, je lui donne 30 ans ; you mustn't go by what you read in the papers il ne faut pas croire tout ce que disent les journaux ; if the trailer is anything to go by, it should be a good film à en juger par la bande-annonce, ça doit être un bon film ; if the father is anything to go by, I wouldn't like to meet the son! quand on voit le père, on n'a pas envie de rencontrer le fils! ;

2 ( proceed by) to go by the rules suivre or observer le règlement ; promotion goes by seniority la promotion se fait à l'ancienneté or en fonction de l'ancienneté.

■ go down:

▶ go down

1 ( descend) gen descendre ; [diver] effectuer une plongée ; to go down to the cellar descendre à la cave ; to go down to the beach aller à la plage ; to go down to the pub aller au pub ; they've gone down to Brighton for a few days ils sont allés passer quelques jours à Brighton ; ‘going down!’ ( in elevator) ‘on descend!’ ; to go down on one's knees se mettre à genoux ;

2 ( fall) [person, aircraft] tomber ; ( sink) [ship] couler, sombrer ; [person] couler, disparaître sous les flots ; most of the passengers went down with the ship la plupart des passagers ont coulé avec le navire ; the plane went down in flames l'avion s'est écrasé en flammes ; the plane went down over Normandy/the Channel l'avion s'est écrasé en Normandie/est tombé dans la Manche ; to go down for the third time [drowning person] disparaître sous les flots et se noyer ;

3 [sun] se coucher ;

4 ( be received) to go down well/badly être bien/mal reçu ; this remark didn't go down at all well cette remarque n'a pas été appréciée du tout ; his jokes went down well/didn't go down well with the audience le public a apprécié/n'a pas beaucoup apprécié ses plaisanteries ; another cup of coffee would go down nicely! une autre tasse de café serait la bienvenue! ;

5 ( be swallowed) it went down the wrong way c'est passé de travers ;

6 ( become lower) [water level, temperature] baisser ; [tide] descendre ; [price, standard] baisser ; ( abate) [storm, wind] se calmer ; [fire] s'éteindre ; the river has/the floods have gone down le niveau de la rivière/des inondations a baissé ; foodstuffs are going down (in price) les produits alimentaires deviennent moins chers ;

7 ( become deflated) [swelling] désenfler ; [tyre, balloon] se dégonfler ;

8 GB Univ ( break up for holiday) terminer les cours ; ( leave university permanently) quitter l'université ; when do you go down? quand est-ce que vous êtes en vacances? ;

9 gen, Sport (fail, be defeated) perdre ; ( be downgraded) redescendre ; Corby went down 6-1 to Oxford Corby a perdu 6-1 contre Oxford ; the team has gone down to the second division l'équipe est redescendue en deuxième division ;

10 ( be remembered) he will go down as a great statesman on se souviendra de lui comme d'un grand homme d'État ;

11 ( be recorded) être noté ; it all goes down in her diary elle note tout dans son journal ;

12 ( continue) the book goes down to 1939 le livre va jusqu'en 1939 ; if you go down to the second last line you will see that si vous regardez à l'avant-dernière ligne, vous verrez que ;

13 ( be stricken) to go down with flu/malaria attraper la grippe/la malaria ;

14 ○ GB ( be sent to prison) être envoyé en prison ;

15 Comput [computer, system] tomber en panne ;

▶ go down [sth]

1 lit descendre [hill] ; descendre dans [mine] ;

2 ( be downgraded) to go down a class Sch redescendre d'une classe.

■ go down on:

▶ go down on [sth] ( set) [sun] se coucher sur ; when the sun went down on the Roman Empire fig quand l'empire romain commençait à décliner ;

▶ go down on [sb] ● ( have oral sex with) tailler une pipe à ● [man] ; faire minette à ● [woman].

■ go for:

▶ go for [sb/sth]

1 ○ (favour, have liking for) craquer ○ pour [person, physical type] ; aimer [style of music, literature etc] ; he really goes for blondes il craque ○ pour or il adore les blondes ; I don't go much for modern art je ne suis pas emballé ○ par l'art moderne, je n'aime pas tellement l'art moderne ;

2 ( apply to) être valable pour, s'appliquer à ; that goes for all of you! c'est valable pour tout le monde! ; the same goes for him c'est valable pour lui aussi!, ça s'applique à lui aussi! ;

▶ go for [sb]

1 ( attack) ( physically) attaquer, tomber sur ; ( verbally) attaquer, s'en prendre à [person] ; the two youths went for him les deux jeunes l'ont attaqué or lui ont sauté dessus ; to go for sb's throat [animal] attaquer qn à la gorge ; she really went for him! (in argument, row) elle l'a vraiment incendié!, elle s'en est prise violemment à lui! ;

2 he has a lot going for him il a beaucoup de choses pour lui ;

▶ go for [sth]

1 ( attempt to achieve) essayer d'obtenir [honour, victory] ; she's going for the gold medal/world record elle vise la médaille d'or/le record mondial ; go for it ○ ! vas-y, fonce ○ ! ; the company is going for a new image l'entreprise cherche à se donner une nouvelle image ; the team is going for a win against Italy l'équipe compte bien gagner contre l'Italie ;

2 ( choose) choisir, prendre ; I'll go for the blue one je prendrai le bleu.

■ go forth sout [person] ( go out) sortir ; ( go forward) aller, avancer ; go forth and multiply allez et multipliez-vous.

■ go forward(s) avancer.

■ go in

1 ( enter) entrer ; ( go back in) rentrer ;

2 Mil [army, troops] attaquer ; the troops went in at dawn les troupes ont attaqué à l'aube ;

3 ( disappear) [sun, moon] se cacher.

■ go in for:

▶ go in for [sth]

1 ( be keen on) aimer [sport, hobby etc] ; I don't go in for sports much je n'aime pas tellement le sport ; he goes in for opera in a big way il adore l'opéra, c'est un fou d'opéra ○ ; we don't go in for that sort of thing nous n'aimons pas ce genre de chose ; they don't go in much for foreign languages at Ben's school ils ne s'intéressent pas beaucoup aux langues étrangères dans l'école de Ben ;

2 ( take up) to go in for teaching entrer dans l'enseignement ; to go in for politics se lancer dans la politique ;

3 ( take part in) s'inscrire à [exam, competition].

■ go into:

▶ go into [sth]

1 ( enter) entrer dans ; fig ( take up) se lancer dans ; to go into hospital entrer à l'hôpital ; to go into parliament entrer au parlement ; to go into politics/business se lancer dans la politique/les affaires ;

2 (examine, investigate) étudier ; we need to go into the question of funding il faut que nous étudiions la question du financement ;

3 (explain, describe) I won't go into why I did it je n'expliquerai pas pourquoi je l'ai fait ; let's not go into that now laissons cela de côté pour l'instant ;

4 ( launch into) se lancer dans ; she went into a long explanation of what had happened elle s'est lancée dans une longue explication de ce qui s'était passé ;

5 ( be expended) a lot of work/money went into this project beaucoup de travail/d'argent a été investi dans ce projet ; a lot of effort went into organizing the party l'organisation de la soirée a demandé beaucoup de travail ;

6 ( hit) [car, driver] rentrer dans, heurter ; the car went into a lamp post la voiture est rentrée dans or a heurté un réverbère.

■ go in with:

▶ go in with [sb] se joindre à [person, ally, organization] ; he went in with us to buy the present il s'est mis avec nous pour acheter le cadeau.

■ go off:

▶ go off

1 (explode, fire) [bomb] exploser ; the gun didn't go off le coup n'est pas parti ;

2 [alarm clock] sonner ; [fire alarm] se déclencher ;

3 ( depart) partir, s'en aller ; he went off to work il est parti au travail ; she went off to find a spade elle est allée chercher une pelle ; they went off together ils sont partis ensemble ;

4 GB ( go bad) [milk, cream] tourner ; [meat] s'avarier ; [butter] rancir ; ( deteriorate) [performer, athlete etc] perdre sa forme ; [work] se dégrader ; ( lose one's attractiveness) [person] être moins beau/belle qu'avant ; he used to be very handsome, but he's gone off a bit il était très beau, mais il est moins bien maintenant ; the first part of the film was good, but after that it went off la première partie du film était bien, mais après ça s'est dégradé ;

5 ○ ( fall asleep) s'endormir ;

6 ( cease to operate) [lights, heating] s'éteindre ;

7 (happen, take place) [evening, organized event] se passer ; the concert went off very well le concert s'est très bien passé ;

8 Theat quitter la scène ;

▶ go off [sb/sth] GB I used to like him but I've gone off him je l'aimais bien avant, mais je ne l'aime plus tellement ; I've gone off opera/whisky je n'aime plus tellement l'opéra/le whisky ; I think she's gone off the idea je crois qu'elle a renoncé à l'idée.

■ go off with:

▶ go off with [sb/sth] partir avec [person, money] ; she went off with all his money elle est partie avec tout son argent ; who's gone off with my pen? qui a pris mon stylo?

■ go on:

▶ go on

1 (happen, take place) se passer ; what's going on? qu'est-ce qui se passe? ; there's a party going on upstairs il y a une fête en haut ; how long has this been going on? depuis combien de temps est-ce que ça dure? ; a lot of stealing goes on il y a beaucoup de vols ; a lot of drinking goes on at Christmas time les gens boivent beaucoup à Noël ;

2 ( continue on one's way) poursuivre son chemin ;

3 ( continue) continuer ; go on with your work continuez votre travail, continuez de travailler ; go on looking continuez à or de chercher ; she went on speaking elle a continué de parler ; go on, we're all listening! continue, nous t'écoutons tous! ; ‘and another thing,’ she went on, ‘you're always late’ ‘et autre chose,’ a-t-elle ajouté, ‘vous êtes toujours en retard’ ; if he goes on like this, he'll get into trouble! s'il continue comme ça, il va s'attirer des ennuis ; we can't go on like this! nous ne pouvons pas continuer comme ça! ; life must go on la vie continue ; the meeting went on into the afternoon la réunion s'est prolongée jusque dans l'après-midi ; you can't go on being a pen pusher all your life! tu ne peux pas rester gratte-papier toute ta vie! ; the list goes on and on la liste est infinie or interminable ; that's enough to be going on with ça suffit pour le moment ; have you got enough work to be going on with? est-ce que tu as assez de travail pour le moment? ; here's £20 to be going on with voici 20 livres pour te dépanner ; go on (with you) ○ ! allons donc! ;

4 ( of time) ( elapse) as time went on, they… avec le temps, ils… ; as the evening went on, he became more animated au fur et à mesure que la soirée avançait, il devenait plus animé ;

5 ( keep talking) to go on about sth ne pas arrêter de parler de qch, parler de qch à n'en plus finir ; he was going on about the war il parlait de la guerre à n'en plus finir ; don't go on about it! arrête de parler de ça!, change de disque! ; she went on and on about it elle en a fait toute une histoire ; he does tend to go on a bit! il a tendance à radoter ○ ! ; the way she goes on, you'd think she was an expert on the subject! à l'entendre, on croirait qu'elle est experte en la matière! ;

6 ( proceed) passer ; let's go on to the next item passons au point suivant ; he went on to say that/describe how puis il a dit que/décrit comment ;

7 ( go into operation) [heating, lights] s'allumer ;

8 Theat entrer en scène ; what time do you go on? à quelle heure est-ce que vous entrez en scène? ;

9 ( approach) it's going on three o'clock il est presque trois heures ; she's four going on five elle va sur ses cinq ans ; he's thirty going on three hum il a trente ans mais il pourrait bien en avoir trois ;

10 ( fit) these gloves won't go on ces gants ne m'iront pas ; the lid won't go on properly le couvercle ne ferme pas bien ;

▶ go on [sth] se fonder sur [piece of evidence, information] ; that's all we've got to go on tout ce que nous savons avec certitude ; we've got nothing else to go on nous n'avons pas d'autre point de départ ; the police haven't got much evidence to go on la police n'a pas beaucoup de preuves à l'appui.

■ go on at:

▶ go on at [sb] s'en prendre à [person] ; he's always going on at me for writing badly il s'en prend toujours à moi à cause de ma mauvaise écriture ; they're always going on at us about deadlines ils sont toujours sur notre dos pour des histoires de délais.

■ go out

1 (leave, depart) sortir ; she went out of the room elle a quitté la pièce, elle est sortie de la pièce ; to go out walking aller se promener ; to go out for a drink aller prendre un verre ; they go out a lot ils sortent beaucoup ; she likes going out elle aime sortir ; she had to go out to work at 14 il a fallu qu'elle aille travailler à 14 ans ;

2 ( travel long distance) partir (to à, pour) ; she's gone out to Australia/Africa elle est partie pour l'Australie/l'Afrique ;

3 ( have relationship) to go out with sb sortir avec qn ; they've been going out together for six weeks ils sortent ensemble depuis six semaines ;

4 [tide] descendre ; the tide is going out la marée descend, la mer se retire ;

5 Ind ( go on strike) se mettre en grève ;

6 ( become unfashionable) passer de mode ; ( no longer be used) ne plus être utilisé ; mini-skirts went out in the 1970s les mini-jupes ont passé de mode dans les années 70 ; gas went out and electricity came in l'électricité a remplacé le gaz ;

7 ( be extinguished) [fire, light] s'éteindre ;

8 ( be sent) [invitation, summons] être envoyé ; ( be published) [journal, magazine] être publié ; Radio, TV ( be broadcast) être diffusé ;

9 ( be announced) word went out that he was coming back le bruit a couru qu'il revenait ; the news went out from Washington that Washington a annoncé que ;

10 ( be eliminated) gen, Sport être éliminé ; she went out in the early stages of the competition elle a été éliminée au début de la compétition ;

11 (expressing compassion, sympathy) my heart goes out to them je les plains de tout mon cœur, je suis de tout cœur avec eux ; our thoughts go out to absent friends nos pensées vont vers nos amis absents ;

12 ( disappear) all the spirit seemed to have gone out of her elle semblait avoir perdu tout son entrain ; the romance seemed to have gone out of their relationship leur relation semblait avoir perdu tout son charme ;

13 ( end) [year, month] se terminer ;

14 ( in cards) terminer.

■ go over:

▶ go over

1 ( cross over) aller ; she went over to him/to the window elle est allée vers lui/vers la fenêtre, elle s'est approchée de lui/de la fenêtre ; to go over to Ireland/to America aller en Irlande/aux États-Unis ; we are now going over to Washington for more news Radio, TV nous passons maintenant l'antenne à Washington pour plus d'informations ;

2 ( be received) how did his speech go over? comment est-ce que son discours a été reçu? ; his speech went over well son discours a été bien reçu ; to go over big ○ avoir un grand succès ;

3 ( switch over) he went over to Labour from the Conservatives il est passé du parti des conservateurs au parti des travaillistes ; to go over to the other side fig passer dans l'autre camp ; we've gone over to gas (central heating) nous sommes passés au chauffage central au gaz ; to go over to Islam se convertir à l'Islam ;

▶ go over [sth]

1 ( review) passer [qch] en revue [details] ; she went over the events of the day in her mind elle a passé en revue les événements de la journée ; we've gone over the details again and again nous avons déjà passé les détails en revue mille fois ; to go over one's lines ( actor) répéter son texte ; there's no point in going over old ground il n'y a aucune raison de revenir là-dessus ;

2 (check, inspect) vérifier [accounts, figures] ; revoir [facts, piece of work] ; I want to go over this article once more before I hand it in je veux relire cet article une dernière fois avant de le remettre ; to go over a house faire le tour d'une maison ;

3 ( clean) he went over the room with a duster il a donné un coup de chiffon dans la pièce ; after cleaning, go over the surface with a dry cloth après l'avoir nettoyée, essuyez la surface avec un chiffon sec or passez un chiffon sec sur la surface ;

4 to go over a sketch in ink repasser un dessin à l'encre ;

5 ( exceed) dépasser ; don't go over £100 ne dépassez pas 100 livres sterling.

■ go round GB:

▶ go round

1 ( turn) [wheel, propeller etc] tourner ; the wheels went round and round les roues n'ont pas arrêté de tourner ; my head's going round j'ai la tête qui tourne ;

2 ( call round) to go round to see sb aller voir qn ; he's gone round to Anna's il est allé chez Anna ;

3 ( suffice) there isn't enough food/money to go round il n'y a pas assez de nourriture/d'argent pour tout le monde ; there was barely enough to go round il y en avait à peine assez pour tout le monde ;

4 ( circulate) there's a rumour going round that le bruit court que ;

5 ( make detour) faire un détour ; we had to go round the long way ou the long way round il a fallu qu'on prenne un chemin plus long ; I had to go round by the bridge il a fallu que je passe par or que je fasse un détour par le pont ;

▶ go round [sth] ( visit) faire le tour de [shops, house, museum].

■ go through:

▶ go through

1 ( come in) entrer ; if you'll just go (on) through, I'll tell them you're here si vous voulez bien entrer, je vais leur dire que vous êtes arrivé ;

2 ( be approved) [law, agreement] passer ; the law failed to go through la loi n'est pas passée ; the divorce hasn't gone through yet le divorce n'a pas encore été prononcé ;

3 ( be successfully completed) [business deal] être conclu ;

▶ go through [sth]

1 ( undergo) endurer, subir [experience, ordeal] ; ( pass through) passer par [stage, phase] ; in spite of all he's gone through malgré tout ce qu'il a enduré ; we've all gone through it nous sommes tous passés par là ; she's gone through a lot elle a beaucoup souffert ; he went through the day in a kind of daze toute la journée il a été dans un état second ; the country has gone through two civil wars le pays a connu deux guerres civiles ; to go through a crisis traverser une crise ; as you go through life au fur et à mesure que tu vieillis, en vieillissant ; you have to go through the switchboard/right authorities il faut passer par le standard/les autorités compétentes ; it went through my mind that l'idée m'a traversé l'esprit que ;

2 (check, inspect) examiner, étudier ; ( rapidly) parcourir [documents, files, list] ; to go through one's mail parcourir son courrier ; let's go through the points one by one étudions or examinons les problèmes un par un ;

3 ( search) fouiller [person's belongings, baggage] ; to go through sb's pockets/drawers fouiller dans les poches/tiroirs de qn ; at customs they went through all my things à la douane ils ont fouillé toutes mes affaires ;

4 (perform, rehearse) répéter [scene] ; expliquer [procedure] ; let's go through the whole scene once more répétons or reprenons toute la scène une dernière fois ; there are still a certain number of formalities to be gone through il y a encore un certain nombre de formalités à remplir ; I went through the whole procedure with him je lui ai expliqué comment il fallait procéder en détail ;

5 (consume, use up) dépenser [money] ; we went through three bottles of wine nous avons bu or descendu ○ trois bouteilles de vin ; I've gone through the elbows of my jacket j'ai usé ma veste aux coudes.

■ go through with:

▶ go through with [sth] réaliser, mettre [qch] à exécution [plan] ; in the end they decided to go through with the wedding finalement ils ont décidé de se marier ; I can't go through with it je ne peux pas le faire ; you'll have to go through with it now il va falloir que tu le fasses maintenant.

■ go together

1 ( harmonize) [colours, pieces of furniture etc] aller ensemble ; these colours don't go together ces couleurs ne vont pas ensemble ;

2 ( entail each other) aller de pair ; poverty and crime often go together la pauvreté et le crime vont souvent de pair ;

3 ○ †( have relationship) [couple] sortir ensemble.

■ go under

1 [boat, ship] couler, sombrer ; [drowning person] couler, disparaître sous les flots ;

2 fig ( succumb) [person] succomber ; ( go bankrupt) [business, company] faire faillite.

■ go up:

▶ go up

1 ( ascend) monter ; to go up to bed monter se coucher ; they've gone up to London ils sont allés or montés à Londres ; they've gone up to Scotland ils sont allés en Écosse ; ‘going up!’ ( in elevator) ‘on monte!’ ;

2 ( rise) [price, temperature] monter ; Theat [curtain] se lever (on sur) ; petrol has gone up (in price) (le prix de) l'essence a augmenté ; unemployment is going up le chômage augmente or est en hausse ; our membership has gone up le nombre de nos adhérents a augmenté ; a cry went up from the crowd un cri est monté or s'est élevé de la foule ;

3 ( be erected) [building] être construit ; [poster] être affiché ; new office blocks are going up all over the place on construit de nouveaux immeubles un peu partout ;

4 (be destroyed, blown up) [building] sauter, exploser ;

5 GB Univ ( start university) entrer à l'université ; ( start term) reprendre les cours ;

6 ( be upgraded) the team has gone up to the first division l'équipe est passée en première division ;

7 ( continue) the book/series goes up to 1990 le livre/la série va jusqu'en 1990 ;

▶ go up [sth]

1 ( mount) monter, gravir [hill, mountain] ;

2 to go up a class Sch passer dans une classe supérieure.

■ go with:

▶ go with [sth]

1 (match, suit) aller avec ; your shirt goes with your blue eyes ta chemise va bien avec tes yeux bleus ; white wine goes better with fish than red wine le vin blanc va mieux avec le poisson que le rouge ;

2 ( accompany) aller de pair avec ; the car goes with the job la voiture va de pair avec la situation ; the responsibilities that go with parenthood les responsabilités qui vont de pair avec le fait d'être parent ;

▶ go with [sb] ( date) sortir avec ; ( have sex with) coucher avec [person].

■ go without:

▶ go without s'en passer ; you'll just have to go without! il va falloir que tu t'en passes!, il va falloir que tu fasses sans! ;

▶ go without [sth] se passer de [food, luxuries].

Big English-French dictionary > go
8 go

I [gəu] 1. гл.; прош. вр. went, прич. прош. вр. gone
1)

а) идти, ехать, двигаться

to go home — идти домой

to go three miles in an hour — проходить три мили в час

What time will you go to the store today? — Когда ты пойдёшь сегодня в магазин?

Where did Peter go? — Куда пошёл Питер?

We are going too fast. — Мы идём слишком быстро.

Who goes? Stand, or I fire. — Стой, кто идёт? Стрелять буду.

The baby went behind his mother to play a hiding game. — Малыш решил поиграть в прятки и спрятался за маму.

Go ahead, what are you waiting for? — Идите вперёд, чего вы ждёте?

I'll go ahead and warn the others to expect you later. — Я пойду вперёд и предупрежу остальных, что вы подойдёте позже.

My brother quickly passing him, went ahead, and won the match easily. — Мой брат быстро обогнал его, вышел вперёд и легко выиграл матч.

As the roads were so icy, the cars were going along very slowly and carefully. — Так как дороги были покрыты льдом, машины продвигались очень медленно и осторожно.

Can I go along with you? — Могу я сопровождать вас?

Shall we go back there for our holiday next year? — В наш следующий отпуск мы поедем туда же?

The deer has gone beyond the trees; I can't shoot at it from this distance. — Олень зашёл за деревья; я не могу попасть в него с этого расстояния.

You've missed the bus, it just went by. — Ты опоздал на автобус, он только что проехал.

My bus just went by the stop empty! — Мой автобус пустым проскочил остановку!

Let's go forward to the front of the hall. — Давай продвинемся к началу зала.

I have to go in now, my mother's calling me for tea. — Мне надо идти, мама зовёт меня пить чай.

The car went into a tree and was severely damaged. — Машина влетела в дерево и была сильно повреждена.

The police examined the cars and then allowed them to go on. — Полицейские осмотрели машины, а потом пропустили их.

I don't think you should go out with that bad cold. — Я думаю, с такой простудой тебе лучше сидеть дома.

It's dangerous here, with bullets going over our heads all the time. — Здесь опасно, пули так и свистят над головами.

I fear that you cannot go over to the cottage. — Боюсь, что ты не сможешь сходить в этот коттедж.

I spent a day or two on going round and seeing the other colleges. — Я провёл день или два, обходя другие колледжи.

This material is so stiff that even my thickest needle won't go through. — Этот материал настолько плотный, что даже моя самая большая игла не может проткнуть его.

Don't leave me alone, let me go with you! — Не бросай меня, позволь мне пойти с тобой!

The piano won't go through this narrow entrance. — Фортепиано не пройдёт сквозь этот узкий вход.

There is no such thing as a level street in the city: those which do not go up, go down. — В городе нет такого понятия как ровная улица: те, которые не идут вверх, спускаются вниз.

б) путешествовать

to go abroad — поехать за границу

to go by train — ехать поездом

to go by plane — лететь самолётом

to go pilgrimage — совершать паломничество

to go on travels, to go on a journey, to go on a voyage — отправиться в путешествие

He wants me to go on a cruise with him. — Он хочет, чтобы я отправился с ним в круиз.

в) уходить, уезжать

Please go now, I'm getting tired. — Теперь, пожалуйста, уходи, я устал.

I have to go at 5.30. — Я должен уйти в 5.30.

There was no answer to my knock, so I went away. — На мой стук никто не ответил, так что я ушёл.

Why did the painter leave his family and go off to live on a tropical island? — Почему художник бросил свою семью и уехал жить на остров в тропиках?

At the end of this scene, the murderer goes off, hearing the police arrive. — В конце сцены убийца уходит, заслышав приближение полиции.

Syn:

leave, depart

г) пойти (куда-л.), уехать (куда-л.) с определённой целью

to go to the doctor's — пойти к врачу

to go to prison — попасть в тюрьму

to go for a swim — пойти поплавать

to go to sleep — ложиться спать

to go to bed — идти, отправляться, ложиться спать

to go to press — идти в печать, печататься

to go to grass — пастись

Would you go for some milk for me? — Не сходишь за молоком для меня?

You'd better go for the police. — Ты лучше сбегай за полицией.

Are you going out to the post? — Ты собираешься выйти на почту?

д) заниматься (чем-л.); двигаться определённым образом (что-л. делая)

to go hunting — ходить на охоту

е) двигаться по определённому маршруту

The bus goes right to the centre of town. — Автобус ходит прямо до центра города.

The ship goes between the two islands. — Корабль курсирует между двумя островами.

ж) разг. двигаться определённым образом, идти определённым шагом

to go narrow (wide) — идти коротким (широким) шагом ( о лошади)

to go above one's ground — идти, высоко поднимая ноги

to go even — передвигаться спокойным ровным шагом

2)

а) следовать определённым курсом, идти (каким-л. путем) прям. и перен.

to go the wrong way — идти не тем путём

the man who goes straight in spite of temptation — человек, который идёт не сбиваясь с пути, несмотря на соблазны

She will never go my way, nor, I fear, shall I ever go hers. — Она никогда не будет действовать так, как я, и, боюсь, я никогда не буду действовать так, как она.

б) прибегать (к чему-л.), обращаться (к кому-л.)

3) ходить (куда-л.) регулярно, с какой-л. целью

to go to school — ходить в школу

When I was young, we went to church every Sunday. — Когда я был маленьким, мы каждое воскресенье ходили в церковь.

4)

а) идти (от чего-л.), вести (куда-л.)

Does this road go to the city? — Эта дорога идёт в город?

The boundary here goes parallel with the river. — Граница идёт здесь вдоль реки.

б) выходить (куда-л.)

This door goes outside. — Эта дверь выходит наружу.

5) происходить, случаться, развиваться, проистекать

The annual dinner never goes better than when he is in the chair. — Ежегодный обед проходит лучше всего, когда он председательствует.

How did things go at the office today? — Как сегодня шли дела в офисе?

The game went so strangely that I couldn't possibly tell. — Игра шла так странно, что и не рассказать.

The election went against him. — Выборы кончились для него неудачно.

How did the voting go? — Как прошло голосование?

How did the game go? — Как закончилась игра?

What has gone of...? — Что стало, что произошло с...?

What's gone with that boy? — Что произошло с этим парнем?

Nobody in Porlock ever knew what has gone with him. — Никто в Порлоке так и не узнал, что с ним стало.

6)

а) ухудшаться, исчезать ( в результате повреждения или старения)

The battery in this watch is going. — Батарейка в часах садится.

Sometimes the eyesight goes forever. — Иногда зрение теряют навсегда.

I could feel my brain going. — Я чувствовал, что мой ум перестаёт работать.

You see that your father is going very fast. — Вы видите, что ваш отец очень быстро сдаёт.

б) ломаться; изнашиваться ( до дыр)

The platform went. — Трибуна обрушилась.

About half past three the foremast went in three places. — Около половины четвёртого фок-мачта треснула в трёх местах.

The dike might go any minute. — Дамбу может прорвать в любую минуту.

My old sweater had started to go at the elbows. — Мой старый свитер начал протираться на локтях.

Syn:

break, crack, wear

в) быть поражённым болезнью, гнить (о растениях, урожае)

The crop is good, but the potato is going everywhere. — Урожай зерновых хорош, а картофель начинает повсюду гнить.

7) разг. умирать, уходить из жизни

to go to one's own place — умереть, скончаться

to go to a better world — перейти в лучший мир

to go to one's account — свести счёты с жизнью

to go aloft / off the hooks / off the stocks / to (the) pot разг. — отправиться на небеса, протянуть ноги, сыграть в ящик

Your brother's gone - died half-an-hour ago. — Ваш брат покинул этот мир - скончался полчаса назад.

Hope he hasn't gone down; he deserved to live. — Надеюсь, что он не умер; он заслужил того, чтобы жить.

The doctors told me that he might go off any day. — Доктора сказали мне, что он может скончаться со дня на день.

I hope that when I go out I shall leave a better world behind me. — Надеюсь, что мир станет лучше, когда меня не будет.

8)

а) вмещаться, подходить (по форме, размеру)

The space is too small, the bookcase won't go in. — Здесь слишком мало места, книжный шкаф сюда не войдёт.

Elzevirs go readily into the pocket. — Средневековые книги-эльзевиры легко входят в карман.

The thread is too thick to go into the needle. — Эта нитка слишком толста, чтобы пролезть в игольное ушко.

Three goes into fifteen five times. — Три содержится в пятнадцати пять раз.

All the good we can find about him will go into a very few words. — Всё хорошее, что мы в нём можем найти, можно выразить в нескольких словах.

б) соответствовать, подходить (по стилю, цвету, вкусу)

This furniture would go well in any room. — Эта мебель подойдёт для любой комнаты.

I don't think these colours really go, do you? — Я не думаю, что эти цвета подходят, а ты как думаешь?

Oranges go surprisingly well with duck. — Апельсины отлично подходят к утке.

That green hat doesn't go with the blue dress. — Эта зелёная шляпа не идёт к синему платью.

в) помещаться (где-л.), постоянно храниться (где-л.)

Where is this blanket to go? — Куда положить это одеяло?

This box goes on the third shelf from the top. — Эта коробка стоит на третьей полке сверху.

This book goes here. — Эта книга стоит здесь (здесь её место).

9) иметь общепринятые стандарты

He's short, as jockeys go. — Он довольно низкого роста, даже для жокея.

"How goes it, Joe?" - "Pretty well, as times go." — "Как дела, Джо?" - "По нынешним временам вполне сносно".

10) быть посланным, отправленным (о письме, записке)

I'd like this letter to go first class. — Я хотел бы отправить это письмо первым классом.

11) проходить, пролетать ( о времени)

This week's gone so fast - I can't believe it's Friday already. — Эта неделя прошла так быстро, не могу поверить, что уже пятница.

Time goes so fast when you're having fun. — Когда нам весело, время бежит.

Summer is going. — Лето проходит.

One week and half of another is already gone. — Уже прошло полторы недели.

12)

а) пойти (на что-л.), быть потраченным (на что-л.; о деньгах)

Where did all their money go? — На что пошли все их деньги?

Whatever money he got it all went on paying his debt. — Сколько бы денег он ни получил, всё уходило на выплату долга.

Your money went towards a new computer for the school. — Ваши деньги пошли на новый компьютер для школы.

Not more than a quarter of your income should go in rent. — На арендную плату должно уходить не более четверти дохода.

б) уменьшаться, кончаться (о запасах, провизии)

We were worried because the food was completely gone and the water was going fast. — Мы беспокоились, так как еда уже кончилась, а вода подходила к концу.

The cake went fast. — Пирог был тут же съеден.

в) исчезать

All its independence was gone. — Вся его независимость исчезла.

One of the results of using those drugs is that the will entirely goes. — Одно из последствий приёма этих лекарств - полная потеря воли.

This feeling gradually goes off. — Это чувство постепенно исчезает.

13) уходить ( с работы), увольняться ( обычно не по собственному желанию)

They can fire me, but I won't go quietly. — Они могут меня уволить, но я не уйду тихо.

14)

а) издавать (какой-л.) звук

to go cluck — кудахтать

to go bang — бахнуть, хлопнуть

to go crash / smash — грохнуть, треснуть

to go tang — зазвенеть

to go whirr — зажужжать

Clatter, clatter, went the horses' hoofs. — Цок, цок, цокали лошадиные копыта.

Something seemed to go snap within me. — Что-то внутри меня щёлкнуло.

Crack went the mast. — Раздался треск мачты.

Patter, patter, goes the rain. — Кап, кап, стучит дождь.

б) издавать сигнал

The clock on the mantelpiece went eight. — Часы на камине пробили восемь.

15)

а) иметь хождение, быть в обращении ( о деньгах)

б) циркулировать, передаваться, переходить из уст в уста

as the story goes — как говорят

Now the story goes that the young Smith is in London. — Говорят, что юный Смит сейчас в Лондоне.

How does that old saying go? — Как говорится в этой старой поговорке? Как это говорится?

16)

а) начинать (выполняться)

My only order was, "Clear the road - and be damn quick about it." What I said went. — Я отдал приказ: "Очистить дорогу - и, чёрт возьми, немедленно!" Это тут же было выполнено.

He makes so much money that whatever he says, goes. — У него столько денег, что всё, что он ни скажет, тут же выполняется.

Go! — Марш! ( на соревнованиях - команда начать бег)

- here goes
- from the word Go
б) быть разрешённым

anything goes, everything goes разг. — всё дозволено, всё сойдёт

Around here, anything goes. — Здесь всё разрешено.

Anything goes if it's done by someone you're fond of. — Всё сойдёт, если это всё сделано тем, кого ты любишь.

в) ( go about) начинать (что-л.; делать что-л.), приступать к (чему-л.)

She went about her work in a cold, impassive way. — Холодно, бесстрастно она приступила к своей работе.

How do you go about building a boat? — Как ты собираешься начать строить лодку?

17) работать исправно ( об оборудовании)

Is the machine going now? — Машина в порядке?

The church clock has not gone for twenty years. — Часы на церкви не ходили двадцать лет.

All systems go. — Всё работает нормально.

She felt her heart go in a most unusual manner. — Она почувствовала, что сердце у неё очень странно бьётся.

Syn:

work, operate, function, run, act, perform

18) продаваться, расходиться (по какой-л. цене)

to go cheap — продаваться по дешёвой цене

to go for nothing (something) — ничего не стоить (кое-что стоить)

to go for little — стоить немного

to go for a song — идти за бесценок, ничего не стоить

Gone! — Продано! ( на аукционе)

There were perfectly good coats going at $23! —Там продавали вполне приличные куртки всего за 23 доллара.

Going at four pounds fifteen, if there is no advance. — Если больше нет предложений, то продаётся за четыре фунта пятнадцать шиллингов.

This goes for 1 shilling. — Это стоит 1 шиллинг.

The house went for very little. — Дом был продан за бесценок.

19) позволить себе, согласиться (на какую-л. сумму)

Lewis consented to go as high as twenty-five thousand crowns. — Льюис согласился на такую большую сумму как двадцать пять тысяч крон.

I'll go fifty dollars for a ticket. — Я позволю себе купить билет за пятьдесят долларов.

20) разг. говорить

21) эвф. сходить, сбегать ( в туалет)

to go somewhere — сходить в одно место

He's in the men's room. He's been wanting to go all evening, but as long as you were playing he didn't want to miss a note. (J. Wain) — Он в туалете. Ему туда нужно было весь вечер, но пока вы играли, он не хотел пропустить ни одной нотки.

22) ( go after)

а) следовать за (кем-л.); преследовать

Half the guards went after the escaped prisoners, but they got away free. — На поиски беглецов отправилась половина гарнизона, но они всё равно сумели скрыться.

б) преследовать цель; стремиться, стараться (сделать что-л.)

Jim intends to go after the big prize. — Джим намерен выиграть большой приз.

I think we should go after increased production this year. — Думаю, в этом году нам надо стремиться увеличить производство.

в) посещать в качестве поклонника, ученика или последователя

23) ( go against)

а) противоречить, быть против (убеждений, желаний); идти вразрез с (чем-л.)

to go against the grain, go against the hair — вызывать внутренний протест, быть не по нутру

I wouldn't advise you to go against the director. — Не советую тебе перечить директору.

It goes against my nature to get up early in the morning. — Рано вставать по утрам противно моей натуре.

The run of luck went against Mr. Nickleby. (Ch. Dickens) — Удача отвернулась от мистера Никльби.

Syn:

oppose

б) быть не в пользу (кого-л.), закончиться неблагоприятно для (кого-л.; о соревнованиях, выборах)

One of his many law-suits seemed likely to go against him. — Он, судя по всему, проигрывал один из своих многочисленных судебных процессов.

If the election goes against the government, who will lead the country? — Если на выборах проголосуют против правительства, кто же возглавит страну?

24) ( go at) разг.

а) бросаться на (кого-л.)

Our dog went at the postman again this morning. — Наша собака опять сегодня набросилась на почтальона.

Selina went at her again for further information. — Селина снова набросилась на неё, требуя дополнительной информации.

б) энергично браться за (что-л.)

The students are really going at their studies now that the examinations are near. — Экзамены близко, так что студенты в самом деле взялись за учёбу.

25) ( go before)

а) представать перед (чем-л.), явиться лицом к лицу с (чем-л.)

When you go before the judge, you must speak the exact truth. — Когда ты выступаешь в суде, ты должен говорить чистую правду.

б) предлагать (что-л.) на рассмотрение

Your suggestion goes before the board of directors next week. — Совет директоров рассмотрит ваше предложение на следующей неделе.

Syn:

bring 5), come before, lay before, place before, send before, set before, take

26) ( go behind) не ограничиваться (чем-л.)

to go behind the stereotypes — не ограничиваться стереотипами

27) ( go between) быть посредником между (кем-л.)

The little girl was given a bar of chocolate as her payment for going between her sister and her sister's boyfriend. — Младшая сестра получила шоколадку за то, что была посыльной между своей старшей сестрой и её парнем.

28) ( go beyond)

а) превышать, превосходить (что-л.)

The money that I won went beyond my fondest hopes. — Сумма, которую я выиграл, превосходила все мои ожидания.

Be careful not to go beyond your rights. — Будь осторожен, не превышай своих прав.

б) оказаться трудным, непостижимым (для кого-л.)

I was interested to hear the speaker, but his speech went beyond me. — Мне было интересно послушать докладчика, но его речь была выше моего понимания.

в) продвигаться дальше (чего-л.)

I don't think this class will be able to go beyond lesson six. — Не думаю, что этот класс сможет продвинуться дальше шестого урока.

•

- go beyond caring
- go beyond endurance
- go beyond a joke
29) (go by / under) называться

to go by / under the name of — быть известным под именем

to go by a false name — скрываться под чужим именем

Our friend William often goes by Billy. — Нашего друга Вильяма часто называют Билли.

He went under the name of Baker, to avoid discovery by the police. — Скрываясь от полиции, он жил под именем Бейкера.

30) ( go by) судить по (чему-л.); руководствоваться (чем-л.), действовать в соответствии с (чем-л.)

to go by the book разг. — действовать в соответствии с правилами, педантично выполнять правила

You can't go by what he says, he's very untrustworthy. — Не стоит судить о ситуации по его словам, ему нельзя верить.

You make a mistake if you go by appearances. — Ты ошибаешься, если судишь о людях по внешнему виду.

I go by the barometer. — Я пользуюсь барометром.

Our chairman always goes by the rules. — Наш председатель всегда действует по правилам.

31) ( go for)

а) стремиться к (чему-л.)

I think we should go for increased production this year. — Думаю, в этом году нам надо стремиться увеличить производительность.

б) выбирать; любить, нравиться

The people will never go for that guff. — Людям не понравится эта пустая болтовня.

Do you go for tall men? — Тебе нравятся высокие мужчины?

She doesn't go for whiskers. — Ей не нравятся бакенбарды.

в) разг. наброситься, обрушиться на (кого-л.)

The black cow immediately went for him. — Чёрная корова немедленно кинулась на него.

The speaker went for the profiteers. — Оратор обрушился на спекулянтов.

г) становиться (кем-л.), действовать в качестве (кого-л.)

I'm well made all right. I could go for a model if I wanted. — У меня отличная фигура. Я могла бы стать манекенщицей, если бы захотела.

д) быть принятым за (кого-л.), считаться (кем-л.), сходить за (кого-л.)

He goes for a lawyer, but I don't think he ever studied or practised law. — Говорят, он адвокат, но мне кажется, что он никогда не изучал юриспруденцию и не работал в этой области.

е) быть действительным по отношению к (кому-л. / чему-л.), относиться к (кому-л. / чему-л.)

that goes for me — это относится ко мне; это мое дело

I don't care if Pittsburgh chokes. And that goes for Cincinnati, too. (P. G. Wodehouse) — Мне всё равно, если Питсбург задохнётся. То же самое касается Цинциннати.

•

- go for broke
- go for a burton
32) ( go into)

а) входить, вступать; принимать участие

He wanted to go into Parliament. — Он хотел стать членом парламента.

He went eagerly into the compact. — Он охотно принял участие в сделке.

The Times has gone into open opposition to the Government on all points except foreign policy. — “Таймс” встал в открытую оппозицию к правительству по всем вопросам, кроме внешней политики.

Syn:

take part, undertake

б) впадать ( в истерику); приходить ( в ярость)

the man who went into ecstasies at discovering that Cape Breton was an island — человек, который впал в экстаз, обнаружив, что мыс Бретон является островом

I nearly went into hysterics. — Я был на грани истерики.

в) начинать заниматься (чем-л. в качестве профессии, должности, занятия)

He went keenly into dairying. — Он активно занялся производством молочных продуктов.

He went into practice for himself. — Он самостоятельно занялся практикой.

Hicks naturally went into law. — Хикс, естественно, занялся правом.

г) носить (о стиле в одежде; особенно носить траур)

to go into long dresses, trousers, etc. — носить длинные платья, брюки

She shocked Mrs. Spark by refusing to go into full mourning. — Она шокировала миссис Спарк, отказываясь носить полный траур.

д) расследовать, тщательно рассматривать, изучать

We cannot of course go into the history of these wars. — Естественно, мы не можем во всех подробностях рассмотреть историю этих войн.

•

- go into details
- go into detail
- go into abeyance
- go into action
33) ( go off) разлюбить (что-л.), потерять интерес к (чему-л.)

I simply don't feel anything for him any more. In fact, I've gone off him. — Я просто не испытываю больше к нему никаких чувств. По существу, я его разлюбила.

34) ( go over)

а) перечитывать; повторять

The schoolboy goes over his lesson, before going up before the master. — Ученик повторяет свой урок, прежде чем отвечать учителю.

He went over the explanation two or three times. — Он повторил объяснение два или три раза.

Syn:

read over, rehearse

б) внимательно изучать, тщательно рассматривать; проводить осмотр

We went over the house thoroughly before buying it. — Мы тщательно осмотрели дом, прежде чем купить его.

I've asked the garage people to go over my car thoroughly. — Я попросил людей в сервисе тщательно осмотреть машину.

Harry and I have been going over old letters. — Гарри и я просматривали старые письма.

We must go over the account books together. — Нам надо вместе проглядеть бухгалтерские книги.

35) ( go through)

а) просматривать (что-л.)

It would take far too long to go through all the propositions. — Изучение всех предложений займёт слишком много времени.

б) пережить, перенести (что-л.)

All that men go through may be absolutely the best for them. — Все испытания, которым подвергается человек, могут оказаться для него благом.

Syn:

experience, submit, suffer, undergo

в) проходить (какие-л. этапы)

to go through several editions — выдержать несколько изданий ( о книге)

г) распространяться

The disease went through the whole city. — Болезнь распространилась по всему городу.

д) осматривать, обыскивать

The girls were "going through" a drunken sailor. — Девицы обшаривали пьяного моряка.

е) износить до дыр (об одежде, обуви)

He goes through three pairs of socks a week! — Он изнашивает до дыр три пары носков в неделю!

ж) поглощать, расходовать (что-л.)

36) ( go to)

а) обращаться к (кому-л. / чему-л.)

Why does not this artist go to nature? — Почему этот художник не обратится к природе?

She need not go to others for her bons mots. — Ей нет нужды искать у других остроумные словечки.

б) переходить к (кому-л.) в собственность, доставаться (кому-л.)

The house went to the elder son. — Дом достался старшему сыну.

The money I had saved went to the doctors. — Деньги, которые я скопил, пошли на докторов.

The dukedom went to his brother. — Титул герцога перешёл к его брату.

And the Oscar goes to… — Итак, «Оскар» достаётся…

в) быть составной частью (чего-л.); вести к (какому-л. результату)

These are the bones which go to form the head and trunk. — Это кости, которые формируют череп и скелет.

Whole gardens of roses go to one drop of the attar. — Для того, чтобы получить одну каплю розового масла, нужны целые сады роз.

This only goes to prove the point. — Это только доказывает утверждение.

- go to show

г) составлять, равняться (чему-л.)

Sixteen ounces go to the pound. — Шестнадцать унций составляют один фунт.

How many go to a crew with you, captain? — Из скольких человек состоит ваша команда, капитан?

д) брать на себя (расходы, труд)

Don't go to any trouble. — Не беспокойтесь.

Few publishers go to the trouble of giving the number of copies for an edition. — Немногие издатели берут на себя труд указать количество экземпляров издания.

The tenant went to very needless expense. — Арендатор пошёл на абсолютно ненужные расходы.

37) ( go under) относиться (к какой-л. группе, классу)

This word goes under G. — Это слово помещено под G.

38) ( go with)

а) быть заодно с (кем-л.), быть на чьей-л. стороне

Do you always go with the chairman? — Ты всегда заодно с председателем?

My sympathies went strongly with the lady. — Все мои симпатии были полностью на стороне леди.

б) сопутствовать (чему-л.), идти, происходить вместе с (чем-л.)

Criminality habitually went with dirtiness. — Преступность и грязь обычно шли бок о бок.

Syn:

side

в) понимать, следить с пониманием за (речью, мыслью)

The Court declared the deed a nullity on the ground that the mind of the mortgagee did not go with the deed she signed. — Суд признал документ недействительным на том основании, что кредитор по закладной не понимала содержания документа, который она подписала.

г) разг. встречаться с (кем-л.), проводить время с (кем-л. - в качестве друга, подружки)

The "young ladies" he had "gone with" and "had feelin's about" were now staid matrons. — "Молодые леди", с которыми он "дружил" и к которым он "питал чувства", стали солидными матронами.

39) ( go upon)

а) разг. использовать (что-л.) в качестве свидетельства или отправного пункта

You see, this gave me something to go upon. — Видишь ли, это дало мне хоть что-то, с чего я могу начать.

б) брать в свои руки; брать на себя ответственность

I cannot bear to see things botched or gone upon with ignorance. — Я не могу видеть, как берутся за дела либо халтурно, либо ничего в них не понимая.

40) (go + прил.)

а) становиться ( обычно хуже)

to go grey — седеть

to go missing — пропасть

He went dead about three months ago. — Он умер около трех месяцев назад.

She went pale. — Она побледнела.

He went bankrupt. — Он обанкротился.

to go mad — сойти с ума

to go sick — захворать

- go berserk

Syn:

become

б) продолжать (какое-л.) действие, продолжать пребывать в (каком-л.) состоянии

We both love going barefoot on the beach. — Мы оба любим ходить босиком по пляжу.

Most of their work seems to have gone unnoticed. — Кажется, большая часть их работы осталась незамеченной.

The powers could not allow such an act of terrorism to go unpunished. — Власти не могут допустить, чтобы террористический акт прошёл безнаказанно.

41) (be going to do smth.) собираться ( выражает непосредственное или ближайшее будущее)

It seems as if it were going to rain. — Такое впечатление, что сейчас пойдёт дождь.

Lambs are to be sold to those who are going to keep them. — Ягнята должны быть проданы тем, кто собирается их выращивать.

42) (go and do smth.) разг. пойти и сделать что-л.

The fool has gone and got married. — Этот дурак взял и женился.

He might go and hang himself for all they cared. — Он может повеситься, им на это абсолютно наплевать.

Oh, go and pick up pizza, for heaven's sake! — Ради бога, пойди купи, наконец, пиццу.

•

- go about
- go across
- go ahead
- go along
- go away
- go back
- go before
- go by
- go down
- go forth
- go forward
- go in

- go off

- go on

- go out

- go over

- go round

- go through
- go together
- go under

- go up

- go without

••

it goes without saying — само собой разумеется

to go against the grain — быть не по нутру

to go back a long way — давно знать друг друга, быть давними знакомыми

to go up in smoke — улетучиться

to go one's way — идти своим путём

to go to the country — проводить предвыборную кампанию ( о политике)

to go from one's word — нарушить слово

to go right through — идти напролом

to go short — испытывать недостаток в чём-л.; находиться в стеснённых обстоятельствах

to go the way of nature / all the earth / all flesh / all living — скончаться, разделить участь всех смертных

to let oneself go — дать волю себе, своим чувствам

Go to Jericho / Bath / Hong Kong / Putney / Halifax! — Иди к чёрту! Убирайся!

- go far
- go bush
- go ape
- go amiss
- go dry
- go astray
- go on instruments
- go a long way
- go down the drain

- go postal
- Go to!
- Go to it!
- let it go at that
- go like blazes
- go with the tide
- go with the times
- go along with you!
- go easy
- go up King Street
- go figure
- go it
- go the extra mile
- go to the wall 2. сущ.; разг.
1) движение, хождение, ходьба; уст. походка

He has been on the go since morning. — Он с утра на ногах.

- be on the go

2)

а) ретивость, горячность ( первоначально о лошадях); напористость, энергичность; бодрость, живость; рвение

The job requires a man with a lot of go. — Для этой работы требуется очень энергичный человек.

Physically, he is a wonderful man - very wiry, and full of energy and go. — Физически он превосходен - крепкий, полный энергии и напористости.

Syn:

dash, drive, energy, vigour, vim, vitality, force, initiative, spirit, animation

б) энергичная деятельность; тяжелая, требующая напряжения работа

Believe me, it's all go with these tycoons, mate. — Поверь мне, приятель, это все деятельность этих заправил.

3) разг. происшествие; неожиданный поворот событий (то, которое вызывает затруднения)

queer go, rum go — странное дело, странный поворот событий

And leave us to old Brown! that will be a nice go! — И оставь нас старику Брауну! это будет приятным сюрпризом!

4)

а) попытка

to have a go at — попытаться

Let me have a go at fixing it. — Дай я попробую починить это.

- at one go
- have a go
Syn:

try, attempt, turn, chance, effort, trial, endeavour, experiment

б) соревнование, борьба; состязание на приз ( в боксе)

Cost me five dollars the other day to see the tamest kind of a go. There wasn't a knockdown in ten rounds. — На днях я потратил пять долларов, чтобы увидеть самое мирное состязание. За десять раундов не было ни одного нокдауна.

в) приступ, припадок ( о болезни)

bad go of snow-blindness — тяжёлый приступ снежной слепоты

go of fever — приступ лихорадки

5)

а) количество чего-л., предоставляемое за один раз

б) разг. бокал ( вина); порция ( еды)

"The score!" he burst out. "Three goes o' rum!" (R. L. Stevenson, Treasure Island) — А деньги? - крикнул он. - За три кружки! (пер. Н. Чуковского)

6) в некоторых играх

а) бросок шара ( кегли)

б) карт. "Мимо" (возглас игрока, объявляющего проход в криббидже)

7) разг.

а) успех, успешное дело

- make a go of it

б) соглашение, сделка

- it's a go

••

all the go, quite the go — последний крик моды

first go — первым делом, сразу же

at a go — сразу

- no go
II [gɔ] сущ.; япон.
го (настольная игра, в ходе которой двое участников по очереди выставляют на доску фишки-"камни", стремясь окружить "камни" противника своими и захватить как можно большую территорию)

Англо-русский современный словарь > go
9 time

time [taɪm]

temps ⇒ 1 (a)-(e), 1 (m), 1 (o) durée ⇒ 1 (e) heure ⇒ 1 (f), 1 (g), 1 (m) moment ⇒ 1 (i), 1 (j) fois ⇒ 1 (k) époque ⇒ 1 (o) fin ⇒ 1 (r) mesure ⇒ 1 (u) chronométrer ⇒ 2 (a) fixer l'heure de ⇒ 2 (b) choisir le moment de ⇒ 2 (c) régler ⇒ 2 (d)

1 noun

(a) (continuous stretch of time) temps m;

∎ as time goes by avec le temps;

∎ the price has gone up over time le prix a augmenté avec le temps;

∎ it's only a matter or a question of time ce n'est qu'une question de temps;

∎ these things take time cela ne se fait pas du jour au lendemain;

∎ to have time on one's hands or time to spare avoir du temps;

∎ time hangs heavy on his hands le temps lui pèse, il trouve le temps long;

∎ since the dawn of time depuis la nuit des temps;

∎ time flies le temps passe vite;

∎ doesn't time fly! comme le temps passe vite!;

∎ time heals all wounds le temps guérit tout;

∎ only time will tell seul l'avenir nous le dira;

∎ time will prove me right l'avenir me donnera raison;

∎ it's a race against time c'est une course contre la montre;

∎ they're working against time to save her ils ne disposent que de très peu de temps pour la sauver;

∎ time is on our side le temps joue en notre faveur;

∎ time out of mind de temps immémorial, de toute éternité;

∎ time is money le temps, c'est de l'argent;

∎ proverb time and tide wait for no man les événements n'attendent personne

(b) (period of time spent on particular activity) temps m;

∎ there's no time to lose il n'y a pas de temps à perdre;

∎ he lost no time in telling me il s'est empressé de me le dire;

∎ to make up for lost time rattraper le temps perdu;

∎ to make good/poor time doing sth mettre peu de temps/longtemps à faire qch;

∎ I passed the time reading j'ai passé mon temps à lire;

∎ take your time prenez votre temps;

∎ take your time over it prenez le temps qu'il faudra;

∎ it took me all my time just to get here! avec le temps que j'ai mis pour arriver ici!;

∎ you took your time about it! tu en as mis du temps!;

∎ she took the time to explain it to us elle a pris le temps de nous l'expliquer;

∎ she made the time to read the report elle a pris le temps de lire le rapport;

∎ I can always make time for you pour vous, je suis toujours là;

∎ I spend half/all my time cleaning up je passe la moitié de/tout mon temps à faire le ménage;

∎ half the time he doesn't know what he's doing la moitié du temps il ne sait pas ce qu'il fait;

∎ most of the time la plupart du temps;

∎ he was ill part or some of the time il a été malade une partie du temps;

∎ it rained part or some of the time il a plu par moments;

∎ we spend the better part of our time working nous passons le plus clair de notre temps à travailler;

∎ I start in three weeks' time je commence dans trois semaines;

∎ they'll have finished the project in three weeks' time ils auront terminé le projet dans trois semaines;

∎ all in good time! chaque chose en son temps!;

∎ I'll finish it in my own good time je le finirai quand bon me semblera;

∎ in no time (at all), in next to no time en un rien de temps, en moins de rien

(c) (available period of time) temps m;

∎ I haven't (the) time to do the shopping je n'ai pas le temps de faire les courses;

∎ I've no time for gossip je n'ai pas de temps à perdre en bavardages;

∎ I've no time for that sort of attitude je ne supporte pas ce genre de mentalité;

∎ he has no time for sycophants/for laziness il n'a pas de temps à perdre avec les flatteurs/les paresseux;

∎ my time is my own mon temps m'appartient;

∎ my time is not my own je ne suis pas libre de mon temps;

∎ we've just got time to catch the train on a juste le temps d'attraper le train;

∎ that doesn't leave them much time to get ready cela ne leur laisse guère de temps pour se préparer;

∎ you'll have to find the time to see her il faut que tu trouves le temps de la voir;

∎ you have plenty of time to finish it vous avez largement le temps de le finir;

∎ we've got plenty of time or all the time in the world nous avons tout le temps

(d) (while) temps m;

∎ after a time après un (certain) temps;

∎ a long time longtemps;

∎ a long time ago il y a longtemps;

∎ it's a long time since we've been out for a meal together ça fait longtemps que nous ne sommes pas sortis dîner ensemble;

∎ she's been dreaming of this for a long time now voilà longtemps qu'elle en rêve;

∎ he waited for a long time il a attendu longtemps;

∎ I worked for a long time as a translator j'ai travaillé (pendant) longtemps comme traducteur;

∎ for a long time he refused to eat meat il a (pendant) longtemps refusé de manger de la viande;

∎ it'll be a long time before I do that again je ne suis pas près de recommencer, je ne recommencerai pas de si tôt ou de sitôt;

∎ the car takes a long time to warm up la voiture met longtemps à chauffer;

∎ you took a long time! tu en as mis du temps!, il t'en a fallu du temps!;

∎ familiar long time no see! ça faisait longtemps!;

∎ a short time peu de temps;

∎ after a short time peu (de temps) après;

∎ a short time before their wedding peu avant leur mariage;

∎ she's going to stay with us for a short time elle va rester avec nous pendant quelque temps;

∎ in the shortest possible time dans les plus brefs délais, le plus vite ou tôt possible;

∎ after some time au bout de quelque temps, après un certain temps;

∎ some time after their trip quelque temps après leur voyage;

∎ some time ago il y a quelque temps;

∎ for some time past depuis quelque temps;

∎ for some time (to come) pendant quelque temps;

∎ it's the best film I've seen for some time c'est le meilleur film que j'aie vu depuis un moment;

∎ it will take (quite) some time to repair il va falloir pas mal de temps pour le réparer;

∎ all this time pendant tout ce temps

(e) (time taken or required to do something) temps m, durée f;

∎ the flying time to Madrid is two hours la durée du vol pour Madrid est de deux heures;

∎ the cooking time is two hours le temps de cuisson est de deux heures;

∎ the winner's time was under four minutes le gagnant a fait un temps de moins de quatre minutes;

∎ 1 minute 34 seconds is her best/a good time 1 minute 34 secondes, c'est son meilleur temps/un bon temps;

∎ it takes time cela prend du temps;

∎ how much time will it take? combien de temps cela prendra-t-il?;

∎ she finished in half the time it took me to finish elle a mis deux fois moins de temps que moi pour finir

(f) (by clock) heure f;

∎ what time is it?, what's the time? quelle heure est-il?;

∎ what time do you make it? quelle heure avez-vous?;

∎ do you have the time? vous avez l'heure?;

∎ have you got the right time on you? avez-vous l'heure juste?;

∎ the time is twenty past three il est trois heures vingt;

∎ what time are we leaving? à quelle heure partons-nous?;

∎ do you know how to tell the time? est-ce que tu sais lire l'heure?;

∎ could you tell me the time? pourriez-vous me dire l'heure (qu'il est)?;

∎ have you seen the time? avez-vous vu l'heure?;

∎ I looked at the time j'ai regardé l'heure;

∎ this old watch still keeps good time cette vieille montre est toujours à l'heure ou exacte;

∎ at this time of day à cette heure de la journée;

∎ we'll have to keep an eye on the time il faudra surveiller l'heure;

∎ it is almost time to leave/for my bus il est presque l'heure de partir/de mon bus;

∎ it's time I was going il est temps que je parte;

∎ it's dinner time, it's time for dinner c'est l'heure de dîner;

∎ there you are, it's about time! te voilà, ce n'est pas trop tôt!;

∎ I wouldn't give him the time of day je ne lui dirais même pas bonjour;

∎ to pass the time of day with sb échanger quelques mots avec qn

(g) (system)

∎ local time heure f locale;

∎ it's 5 o'clock Tokyo time il est 5 heures, heure de Tokyo

(h) (schedule)

∎ is the bus running to time? est-ce que le bus est à l'heure?;

∎ within the required time dans les délais requis

(i) (particular point in time) moment m;

∎ at that time I was in Madrid à ce moment-là, j'étais à Madrid ou j'étais alors à Madrid;

∎ I worked for her at one time à un moment donné j'ai travaillé pour elle;

∎ at the present time en ce moment, à présent;

∎ he is president at the present time il est actuellement président;

∎ at the time of delivery au moment de la livraison;

∎ at a later time plus tard;

∎ at a given time à un moment donné;

∎ at any one time à la fois;

∎ there's room for 15 people at any one time il y a de la place pour 15 personnes à la fois;

∎ an inconvenient time un moment inopportun;

∎ you called at a most inconvenient time vous avez appelé à un très mauvais moment;

∎ there are times when I could scream il y a des moments où j'ai envie de hurler;

∎ at the best of times même quand tout va bien;

∎ even at the best of times he is not that patient même dans ses bons moments il n'est pas particulièrement patient;

∎ at no time did I agree to that je n'ai jamais donné mon accord pour cela;

∎ by the time you get this… le temps que tu reçoives ceci…, quand tu auras reçu ceci…;

∎ by that time it will be too late à ce moment-là il sera trop tard;

∎ by that time we'll all be dead d'ici là nous serons tous morts;

∎ by this time next week d'ici une semaine, dans une semaine;

∎ this time next week la semaine prochaine à cette heure-ci;

∎ this time last week il y a exactement une semaine;

∎ from that time on we had nothing to do with them à partir de ce moment-là, nous avons refusé d'avoir affaire à eux;

∎ in between times entre-temps;

∎ some time or other un jour ou l'autre;

∎ some time next month dans le courant du mois prochain;

∎ until such time as I hear from them jusqu'à ce que ou en attendant que j'aie de leurs nouvelles

(j) (suitable moment) moment m;

∎ she chose her time badly elle a mal choisi son moment;

∎ this is no time for you to leave ce n'est pas le moment de partir;

∎ now's our time to tell her c'est maintenant que nous devrions ou voici venu le moment de le lui dire;

∎ now is the time to invest c'est maintenant qu'il faut investir;

∎ when the time comes le moment venu, quand le moment sera venu;

∎ we'll talk about that when the time comes nous en parlerons en temps utile;

∎ the time has come to make a stand c'est le moment d'avoir le courage de ses opinions;

∎ the time for talking is past ce n'est plus le moment de parler;

∎ it's about time we taught her a lesson il est grand temps que nous lui donnions une bonne leçon;

∎ there's no time like the present (let's do it now) faisons-le maintenant;

∎ there's a time and a place for everything il y a un temps et un lieu pour ou à tout

(k) (occasion, instance) fois f;

∎ I'll forgive you this time je vous pardonne cette fois-ci ou pour cette fois;

∎ each or every time chaque fois;

∎ she succeeds every time elle réussit à chaque fois;

∎ the last time he came la dernière fois qu'il est venu;

∎ the time before la fois précédente ou d'avant;

∎ another or some other time une autre fois;

∎ I called her three times je l'ai appelée trois fois;

∎ many times bien des fois, très souvent;

∎ many a time I've wondered… je me suis demandé plus d'une ou bien des fois…;

∎ several times plusieurs fois;

∎ several times in the past plusieurs fois déjà;

∎ he asked me several times if… il m'a demandé plusieurs fois si…;

∎ it costs 15 cents a time ça coûte 15 cents à chaque fois;

∎ the one time I'm winning, he wants to stop playing pour une fois que je gagne, il veut arrêter de jouer;

∎ nine times out of ten the machine doesn't work neuf fois sur dix la machine ne marche pas;

∎ we'll have to decide some time or other tôt ou tard ou un jour ou l'autre il va falloir nous décider;

∎ do you remember that time we went to Germany? tu te rappelles la fois où nous sommes allés en Allemagne?;

∎ there's always a first time il y a un début à tout;

∎ I've told you a hundred times! je te l'ai dit vingt ou cent fois!;

∎ give me a good detective story every time! rien ne vaut un bon roman policier!

(l) (experience)

∎ to have a good time bien s'amuser;

∎ she's had a terrible time of it elle a beaucoup souffert;

∎ I had the time of my life jamais je ne me suis si bien ou autant amusé;

∎ we had an awful time at the picnic nous nous sommes ennuyés à mourir au pique-nique;

∎ it was a difficult time for all of us c'était une période difficile pour nous tous;

∎ she had a hard time bringing up five children alone ça a été difficile pour elle d'élever cinq enfants seule;

∎ to give sb a hard or rough or tough time en faire voir de dures à qn, en faire voir de toutes les couleurs à qn;

∎ what a time I had with him! (fun) qu'est-ce que j'ai pu m'amuser avec lui!; (trouble) qu'est-ce qu'il m'en a fait voir!

(m) (hours of work)

∎ to put in time faire des heures (de travail);

∎ to work part/full time travailler à temps partiel/à plein temps;

∎ British in company time, American on company time pendant les heures de travail;

∎ British in your own time, American on your own time pendant votre temps libre, en dehors des heures de travail

(n) (hourly wages)

∎ we pay time and a half on weekends nous payons les heures du week-end une fois et demie le tarif normal;

∎ overtime is paid at double time les heures supplémentaires sont payées ou comptées double

(o) (usu plural) (era) époque f, temps m;

∎ in Victorian times à l'époque victorienne;

∎ in the time of Henry IV à l'époque d'Henri IV, du temps d'Henri IV;

∎ in times past, in former times autrefois, jadis;

∎ in times to come à l'avenir;

∎ at one time, things were different autrefois ou dans le temps les choses étaient différentes;

∎ the house has seen better times la maison a connu des jours meilleurs;

∎ in happier times en un ou des temps plus heureux;

∎ in time or times of need/war en temps de pénurie/de guerre;

∎ time was when doctors made house calls il fut un temps où les médecins faisaient des visites à domicile;

∎ those were happy times! c'était le bon (vieux) temps!;

∎ times are hard les temps sont durs;

∎ in our time de nos jours;

∎ the times we live in l'époque f où nous vivons;

∎ in my time children didn't talk back de mon temps, les enfants ne répondaient pas;

∎ she was probably a good singer in her time en son temps, c'était sûrement une bonne chanteuse;

∎ it was a very popular car in its time c'était une voiture très populaire à l'époque (où elle est sortie);

∎ very advanced for its time très en avance sur son temps ou sur l'époque;

∎ to be ahead of or before one's time être en avance sur son époque ou sur son temps;

∎ to be behind the times être en retard sur son époque ou sur son temps;

∎ to keep up with the times vivre avec son temps;

∎ to move with the times évoluer avec son temps;

∎ times have changed autres temps, autres mœurs

(p) (lifetime)

∎ I've heard some odd things in my time! j'en ai entendu, des choses, dans ma vie!;

∎ it won't happen in our time nous ne serons pas là pour voir ça;

∎ if I had my time over again si j'avais à recommencer (ma vie);

∎ at my time of life à mon âge;

∎ that was before your time (birth) vous n'étiez pas encore né; (arrival) vous n'étiez pas encore là;

∎ her time has come (childbirth) elle arrive à son terme; (death) son heure est venue ou a sonné; (success) son heure est venue;

∎ he died before his time il est mort avant l'âge

(q) (season)

∎ it's hot for the time of year il fait chaud pour la saison

(r) (end of period) fin f;

∎ time's up (on exam, visit) c'est l'heure; (on meter, telephone) le temps est écoulé;

∎ British time (gentlemen), please! (in pub) on ferme!;

∎ Sport the referee called time l'arbitre a sifflé la fin du match

(s) American Commerce (credit)

∎ to buy sth on time acheter qch à tempérament ou à terme ou à crédit

(t) familiar (in prison)

∎ to do time faire de la taule;

∎ he's serving time for murder il est en taule pour meurtre

(u) Music (tempo) mesure f; (note value) valeur f (d'une note);

∎ to keep time, to be in time être en mesure;

∎ he beat time with his foot il battait ou marquait la mesure du pied;

∎ in triple or three-part time à trois temps

(v) Radio & Television espace m;

∎ to buy/to sell time on television acheter/vendre de l'espace publicitaire à la télévision

(w) American familiar (idiom)

∎ to make time with sb (pursue) draguer qn; (be with) être avec qn^□ (en couple) ; (have sex with) s'envoyer en l'air avec qn

2 transitive verb

(a) (on clock → runner, worker, race) chronométrer;

∎ they timed her at four minutes a mile ils l'ont chronométrée ou ils ont chronométré son temps à quatre minutes au mille;

∎ time how long she takes to finish regardez combien de temps elle met pour finir;

∎ he timed his speech to last twenty minutes il a fait en sorte que son discours dure vingt minutes;

∎ to time an egg minuter le temps de cuisson d'un œuf

(b) (schedule) fixer ou prévoir (l'heure de); Photography (exposure) calculer;

∎ they timed the attack for 6 o'clock l'attaque était prévue pour 6 heures

(c) (choose right moment for) choisir ou calculer le moment de;

∎ she timed her entrance well elle a bien choisi le moment pour faire son entrée;

∎ he timed the blow perfectly il a frappé au bon moment;

∎ your remark was perfectly/badly timed votre observation est venue au bon/au mauvais moment

(d) (synchronize) régler, ajuster;

∎ she tried to time her steps to the music elle essayait de régler ses pas sur la musique

3 times

1 plural noun

(indicating degree) fois f;

∎ she's ten times cleverer than or as clever as he is elle est dix fois plus intelligente que lui;

∎ he ate four times as much cake as I did il a mangé quatre fois plus de gâteau que moi

2 preposition

∎ Mathematics 3 times 2 is 6 3 fois 2 font ou égalent 6;

∎ 1 times 6 is 6 une fois six fait ou égale six

4 ahead of time adverb

en avance;

∎ I'm ten minutes ahead of time j'ai dix minutes d'avance

5 all the time adverb

∎ he talked all the time we were at lunch il a parlé pendant tout le déjeuner;

∎ he's been watching us all the time il n'a pas cessé de nous regarder;

∎ I knew it all the time je le savais depuis le début

6 any time adverb

n'importe quand;

∎ come over any time venez quand vous voulez;

∎ you're welcome any time vous serez toujours le bienvenu;

∎ thanks for all your help - any time merci de votre aide - de rien

7 at a time adverb

∎ for days at a time pendant des journées entières, des journées durant;

∎ to do two things at a time faire deux choses à la fois;

∎ take one book at a time prenez les livres un par un ou un (seul) livre à la fois;

∎ she ran up the stairs two at a time elle a monté les marches quatre à quatre

8 at all times adverb

à tous moments

9 at any time adverb

à toute heure;

∎ hot meals at any time repas chauds à toute heure;

∎ at any time of day or night à n'importe quelle heure du jour ou de la nuit;

∎ at any time during office hours n'importe quand pendant les heures de bureau;

∎ he could die at any time il peut mourir d'un moment à l'autre;

∎ if at any time… si à l'occasion…

10 at the same time adverb

(a) (simultaneously) en même temps;

∎ they all spoke at the same time ils se sont mis à parler tous en même temps;

∎ they arrived at the same time (as) he did ils sont arrivés en même temps que lui

(b) (yet) en même temps;

∎ she was pleased but at the same time a bit concerned elle était contente mais en même temps un peu inquiète

(c) (nevertheless) pourtant, cependant;

∎ at the same time, we must not forget… pourtant ou cependant, il ne faut pas oublier…

11 at the time adverb

∎ at the time of their wedding au moment de leur mariage;

∎ I didn't pay much attention at the time sur le moment, je n'ai pas fait vraiment attention

12 at times adverb

parfois, par moments

13 behind time adverb

en retard;

∎ we're a bit behind time nous sommes légèrement en retard;

∎ the project was running behind time le projet avait du retard

14 for a time adverb

pendant un (certain) temps;

∎ for a time, he was unable to walk pendant un certain temps, il n'a pas pu marcher

15 for all time adverb

pour toujours

16 for the time being adverb

pour le moment

17 from time to time adverb

de temps en temps, de temps à autre

18 in time adverb

(a) (eventually)

∎ she'll come to her senses in time elle finira par revenir à la raison;

∎ he'll forget about it in (the course of) time il finira par l'oublier (avec le temps)

(b) (not too late)

∎ let me know in (good) time prévenez-moi (bien) à l'avance;

∎ she arrived in time for the play elle est arrivée à l'heure pour la pièce;

∎ you're just in time to greet our guests tu arrives juste à temps pour accueillir nos invités;

∎ I'll be back in time for the film je serai de retour à temps pour le film

(c) Music en mesure;

∎ to be or keep in time (with the music) être en mesure (avec la musique)

19 in (next to) no time, in no time at all adverb

en un rien de temps

20 of all time adverb

de tous les temps

21 of all times adverb

∎ why now of all times? pourquoi faut-il que ce soit juste maintenant?

22 on time adverb

à l'heure;

∎ to run on time (trains etc) être à l'heure;

∎ she arrived right on time elle est arrivée juste à l'heure;

∎ is the bus on time? est-ce que le bus est à l'heure?

23 out of time adverb

∎ Music he got out of time il a perdu la mesure

24 time after time, time and (time) again adverb

maintes et maintes fois

25 time off noun

temps m libre;

∎ what do you do in your time off? qu'est-ce que vous faites de votre temps libre?

26 time out noun

(a) Sport temps m mort; (in chess match) temps m de repos;

∎ Sport to take time out faire un temps mort

(b) (break)

∎ I took time out to travel (from work) je me suis mis en congé pour voyager; (from studies) j'ai interrompu mes études pour voyager;

∎ she took time out to read the report elle a pris le temps de lire le rapport

►► time of arrival heure f d'arrivée;

Stock Exchange time bargain marché m à terme;

Finance time bill traite f à terme; also figurative time bomb bombe f à retardement;

∎ figurative a demographic time bomb une situation démographique qui menace d'exploser;

∎ the situation is like a time bomb ticking away la situation est explosive;

∎ figurative they're sitting on a time bomb ils sont assis sur un volcan;

time capsule capsule f témoin (qui doit servir de témoignage historique aux générations futures);

Industry time card carte f ou fiche f de pointage;

time chart (showing time zones) carte f des fuseaux horaires; (showing events) table f d'événements historiques; (showing planning) calendrier m, planning m;

time check (on radio) rappel m de l'heure; (in cycling, skiing, motor racing) contrôle m du temps intermédiaire;

Grammar time clause proposition f temporelle;

Industry time clock pointeuse f;

time code code m temporel;

time of departure heure f de départ;

American Finance time deposit dépôt m à terme;

time difference décalage m horaire;

Finance time draft traite f à terme;

time exposure (of film) (temps m de) pose f; (photograph) photo f prise en pose;

time frame délai m;

∎ what's our time frame? de combien de temps disposons-nous?;

time fuse détonateur m ou fusée f à retardement;

time lag (delay) décalage m dans le temps; (in time zones) décalage m horaire;

time lapse intervalle m, laps m de temps;

time limit (gen) délai m, date f limite; Law délai m de forclusion;

∎ there is a strict time limit for applications il y a un délai impératif ou de rigueur pour la remise des dossiers de candidature;

∎ we'll have to set ourselves a time limit for the work il va falloir nous imposer un délai pour finir ce travail;

∎ the work must be completed within the time limit le travail doit être terminé avant la date limite;

Finance time loan emprunt m à terme;

time machine machine f à voyager dans le temps;

time management gestion f du temps de travail;

Marketing time pricing fixation f des prix en fonction du moment;

time sheet feuille f de présence;

Radio time signal signal m ou top m horaire;

Music time signature indication f de la mesure;

Computing time slice tranche f de temps;

Computing time slicing temps m partagé;

time slot créneau m ou tranche f horaire;

time switch (for oven, heating) minuteur m; (for lighting) minuterie f;

time travel voyage m dans le temps;

time traveller personne f qui voyage dans le temps;

Sport time trial course f contre la montre, contre-la-montre m inv;

Telecommunications time unit unité f;

time value Music valeur f (d'une note); Finance valeur f temporelle;

time warp (in science fiction) faille f spatio-temporelle;

∎ it's like living in a time warp c'est comme si on vivait hors du temps;

∎ the country seems to have entered a time warp le temps semble s'être arrêté dans le pays;

∎ the house/company seems to be caught in a 19th century time warp la maison/la société semble ne pas avoir changé depuis le XIXème siècle;

time zone fuseau m horaire

✾ Book 'The Time Machine' Wells 'La Machine à explorer le temps'

ⓘ I may be some time Ce sont les mots ("je risque d'en avoir pour un certain temps") qu'aurait prononcés le capitaine Oates lorsqu'il sortit de la tente qu'il occupait avec le capitaine Scott au cours de leur expédition de 1912 au pôle sud. Oates souffrait de gelures multiples et afin de ne pas ralentir la progression de ses camarades, il décida de se sacrifier en disparaissant dans la tourmente. Cet épisode est censé symboliser les qualités d'héroïsme et d'abnégation associées au caractère britannique. Aujourd'hui, on emploie cette formule par allusion à Oates sur le mode humoristique lorsque l'on sort d'une pièce ou bien lorsqu'on va aux toilettes.

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > time
10 do

1. I
abs

1) I have something (some work, some business, etc.) to do мне надо сделать кое-что и т. д.; it gives me something to do благодаря этому у меня есть [какое-то] занятие; I have nothing to do мне нечего делать; what are you doing? что вы делаете?; what do you do? чем вы занимаетесь?, кем вы работаете?; try what kindness will do попробуй, чего можно добиться добром; look at what a little hard work can do смотри, что может дать небольшое усилие; they are up and doing coll. они уже заняты делами, они уже работают id nothing doing! coll. этот номер не пройдёт!, ни черта!

2) I don't know what to do я не знаю, что делать /как мне поступить/; what is there to do? что тут поделаешь /можно сделать/?; there is nothing to do ничего не поделаешь

3) half of that (half a dozen eggs, etc, will do хватит /довольно/ и половины этого и т.д., that hat (this coat, this colour, these boots, etc.) will do эта шляпа и т. д. подойдет; can you make L 5 do? вы обойдетесь пятью фунтами?; will I do? я вам подхожу?, я гожусь? || that will do а) это годится /сойдет/; б) довольно!, хватит!

4) only in the Continuous he came to see what was doing он пришел посмотреть, что происходит; there is nothing doing дела стоят, ничего не происходит

5) 0 only in the Perfect I've done я кончил; one more question and I have done еще один вопрос и все
2. II
1) do somewhere often in the Continuous there was not much doing there там особенно нечего было делать; there is nothing to do here a) здесь нечего делать; б) здесь скучно

2) do in some manner you have done wisely (unwisely) вы (не)умно поступили; you could do better ты бы мог сделать получше; I should have done so мне так и следовало поступить; you've helped me by so doing поступив так /сделав это/, вы мне помогли; what is worth doing is worth doing promptly стоящее дело надо делать сразу; you should not do so much не нужно так утруждать себя; he lives longest who does most кто больше работает, тот дольше живет

3) do in some manner that (it, this piece of string, etc.) will do excellently ( just as well, perfectly well, etc.) a) это и т. д. прекрасно и т. д. подойдет; б) этого и т. д. вполне и т. д. хватит /достаточно/; this will hardly do а) вряд ли этого хватит; б) вряд ли это уместно; do somewhere that won't do here здесь это не пройдет; do for some time she made her old dress do another season она проносила свое старое платье еще сезон || that'll do now а теперь довольно / хватит/; this will never do так совсем нельзя; так просто невозможно, так дело не пойдет

4) do in some manner do well преуспевать, процветать; all the boys except one have done well все мальчики, кроме одного, добились хороших результатов; he will do better next time в следующий раз у него получится лучше; I hope you will do better in future надеюсь, вам в дальнейшем больше повезет /у вас в дальнейшем дела пойдут лучше/; the firm is doing none too well дела фирмы идут далеко не блестяще; the garden is doing well все в саду цветет; the wheat is doing well пшеница хорошо уродилась; the patients ( the wounded soldiers, mother and child, etc.) are doing well (quite well, fine, admirably, nicely, etc.) больные и т. д. чувствуют себя хорошо и т. д.; is the baby doing well? хорошо ли развивается /растет/ малыш?; they asked how he was doing они справились о его состоянии, они спрашивали, как его здоровье или как у него дела; we are doing pretty well дела у нас идут совсем неплохо; she is doing poorly дела у нее идут неважно

5) 0 to have done at wine time will he (n)ever have done! неужели он никогда не кончит /не перестанет/]; move quicker or we shall never have done шевелись /пошевеливайся/, а то мы никогда не кончим
3. III
1) do smth. are you doing anything? вы заняты?; I'll do nothing of the sort ничего подобного я делать не стану; she did nothing but cry она только плакала; he makes her do anything he wants он заставляет ее делать все, что [он] захочет

2) do smb. (usually with will) that (this car, this coat, etc.) will do him это и т. д. ему подойдет; it is a small house but it will do us дом маленький, но нас он устроит; will these shoes do you? вам подойдут такие туфли?

3) do smth. do one's work (a job, one's task, one's duty, etc.) выполнять [свою] работу и т. д.; he has done a good day's work он изрядно поработал сегодня; do repairs производить ремонт; she did six copies of the letter она сняла с письма шесть копий; do one's military service проходить срочную службу в армии

4) do smth. do the house (one's things, one's books, etc.) приводить в порядок дом и т. д.; do the room убирать в комнате; do the housework делать домашнюю работу, выполнять работу по дому; do the dishes (the windows, the floors, etc.) мыть посуду и т. д., do the beds застилать кровати; do the bookshelves (the mantlepiece, the chairs, the knick-knacks, etc.) смахивать /стирать/ пыль с книжных полок и т. д.; do the flowers расставлять цветы (в вазах), do one's teeth чистить зубы; do one's hair причесываться, делать прическу

5) do smth. do the dinner (the supper, etc.) сварить /сделать/ обед и т. д.; do the salad (the dessert, the fish, etc.) приготавливать /делать/ салат и т. д.; do one's lessons (one's homework, one's exercises, etc.) готовить /делать/ уроки и т. д.; do sums (problems in algebra, a puzzle, etc.) решать арифметические задачи и т. д.

6) do smth. do [much] good приносить [большую] пользу; do a good deed сделать доброе дело; do harm /wrong/ причинять вред, делать зло; that won't do any good от этого толку не будет. это ничего не даст; do a good (bad) turn оказать хорошую (плохую) услугу; do a favour сделать одолжение; do one's best /one's utmost, one's damnedest, all one can/ сделать все возможное; do wonders /miracles/ творить чудеса; do mischief натворить дел, набедокурить; do smb.'s will исполнять чью-л. волю

7) do some distance the car was doing sixty машина делала шестьдесят километров или миль /ехала со скоростью шестьдесят километров или миль/

8) do smth., smb. do a book (magazine articles, her, an oil portrait, etc.) писать книгу и т. д.; do one's correspondence писать письма; Disney did a movie about the seven dwarfs Дисней сделал фильм о семи гномах

9) do smth., smb. do Hamlet (Lear, etc.) ставить или играть Гамлета и т. д., do a concerto (Bach, Brahms, etc.) исполнять концерт и т. д., do the host (the interpreter, etc.) выступать в качестве /исполнять обязанности, быть за/ хозяина и т. д.

10) do smth. do medicine (engineering, history, etc.) изучать медицину и т. д.; do science изучать точные науки

11) do some places do London (Switzerland, a museum, a picture-gallery, a town, the sights, etc.) осмотреть Лондон и т.д., ознакомиться с достопримечательностями Лондона и т. д.; we did a show мы сходили в театр

12) 0 have done smth. have you done supper (your lessons, the letter, etc.)? ты кончил ужинать и т. д.?

13) 0 do smth. do time отбывать тюремное заключение; do ten years (a five-year term, etc.) отсидеть десять лет и т. д.; if they get caught they would have to do five years если они попадутся, их засадят /посадят/ на /им придется отсидеть/ пять лет
4. IV
1) do smth. in some manner do smth. well (readily /willingly/, carefully, resolutely, on purpose, etc.) (с)делать что-л. хорошо и т. д.; do one's work thoroughly тщательно выполнить свою работу; do smth. differently делать что-л. не так [, как другие] /иначе/; do smth. at some time what are you doing now? что вы сейчас делаете?, чем вы сейчас заняты?; what shall I do next? a) что мне делать дальше?; б) как мне быть /поступить/ дальше?; I must do some work now теперь мне надо поработать; he does all his work at night он работает по ночам /ночью/; are you doing anything tomorrow? вы завтра [чем-л.] заняты?; do smth. somewhere these are things they do better at home [than abroad] подобные вещи делают лучше у нас [, чем за границей]

2) do smb. in some manner this room (a flat, in town, that, etc.) will do me quite well эта комната и т. д. меня вполне устроит

3) do some distance at some time do 30 miles today (this distance in time, etc.) проехать /проделать, покрыть, пройти/ 30 миль и т. д. за сегодняшний день; он such a bad road I could not do more than 30 kilometres an hour no такой плохой дороге я не мог делать больше тридцати километров в час

4) do smth. in some manner do the beef (the meat, etc.) well (thoroughly, etc.) хорошо прожарить говядину и т. д., do the vegetables a little longer потушите овощи еще немного

5) do smth. at some time he is doing history now он сейчас изучает историю; I have to do my math tonight мне сегодня надо подготовиться по математике

6) do smb., smth. in some manner tie does the host admirably он замечательно выполняет роль хозяина; do Hamlet (the part of Othello, etc.) well хорошо играть Гамлета и т. д.: do this concerto brilliantly блестяще исполнить / сыграть/ этот концерт

7) do some places in some manner do a picture-gallery (a museum, a town, etc.) well (properly, thoroughly, etc.) внимательно и т. д. осмотреть картинную галерею и т. д. ; do some places at some time you can't do Oxford in a day за один день нельзя как следует ознакомиться с Оксфордом /осмотреть Оксфорд/; have you done Moscow yet? вы уже осмотрели достопримечательности Москвы?

8) do smb. in some manner coll. do smb. well (handsomely, etc.) хорошо принимать / угощать или обслуживать / кого-л.; they do you, well here at this hotel в этом отеле хорошее обслуживание; do smb. at some time I will do you next я обслужу вас следующим, следующая очередь ваша || do smb. (oneself) well / proud / не отказывать кому-л. (себе) ни в чем
5. V
do smb., smth. smth. do smb., smth. an injury причинять кому-л., чему-л. вред; it won't do us any harm if we talk the matter over если мы обсудим этот вопрос, хуже [нам] не будет, нам не мешает обсудить этот вопрос; do smb., smth. good приносить кому-л., чему-л. пользу, быть кому-л., чему-л. полезным; drink this, it will do you good выпейте это, вам станет лучше; washing it won't do your blouse any good от стирки ваша блузка лучше не станет; do smb. credit делать кому-л. честь; he is doing you credit вы можете им гордиться; do smb. justice отдать кому л. должное, воздать кому-л. по заслугам; no one ever did him justice никто его не ценил по заслугам; to do him justice we must say... справедливости ради мы должны сказать, что он...; that picture doesn't do her justice в жизни она гораздо лучше [.чем на фото]; do smth. justice по-настоящему оценить что-л.; do smb. an injustice несправедливо относиться к кому-л., обижать кого-л.; do smb. the honour... оказывать кому-л. честь; I hope you will do me the honour of dining with me (of paying me a visit, etc.) надеюсь, вы окажете [мне] честь отобедать со мной и т. д., do smb. a favour / a kindness, a good turn / оказать кому-л. услугу, сделать кому-л. одолжение; do smb. a bad turn оказать кому-л. плохую услугу, сослужить кому-л. дурную службу
6. VII
do smth. to do smth. do one's best / one's utmost, one's damnedest / to do smth. сделать все возможное, чтобы добиться чего-л.; do one's best / all one can / to help us (to win the rare, to have it ready in time, etc.) сделать все возможное, чтобы помочь нам и т. д.; it won't do any good to complain жалобы не помогут, от жалоб толку не будет
7. XI
1) be done that sort of thing is not done так не поступают / не делают / ; what is to be done? что делать?, как быть?; there is nothing to be dam ничего не поделаешь / не сдёлаешь / ; be done in some manner it is easily (simply, etc.) dent это делается легко и т.д., the work is done well (perfectly, etc.) работа выполнена хорошо и т. д., it is badly done это плохо сделано; it was done deliberately это было сделано намеренно / умышленно; how is this work to be done? как выполняется эта работа?; can such a thing be possibly done? разве можно / возможно ли / это сделать?; it's easier said than done легче сказать, чем сделать; be done at some time everything cannot be done at once все сразу не делается; that must be done again это надо переделать; be done with / about / smb., smth. what is to be done with him (with all this stuff in the attic, about her, etc.)? что с ним и т. д. делать?; nothing can be done with the matter yet с этим вопросом пока ничего нельзя сделать; has anything been done about a speaker for the next meeting? позаботились ли о том, чтобы обеспечить / пригласить / докладчика на следующее заседание?

2) be done in some manner the landscape (the picture, this still life, etc.) is beautifully done пейзаж и т. д. прекрасно выполнен; be done into some language the book is done into English книга переведена на английский язык

3) be done in some manner the fish is done brown (to a turn) рыба поджарена до румяной корочки (как раз в меру); be done in some time the roast (the potatoes, the meat, etc.) will be done in an hour (in ten minutes, etc.) мясо и т. д. будет готово / сварится / через час и т. д.

4) be done all is done все кончено, все сделано; it is done готово, сделано; the day is done день кончился / прошел / ; be done at some time a woman's work is never done женская работа / работа по хозяйству / никогда не кончается; I can't leave before the job is done я не могу уйти, пока работа не будет закончена; be done with smth. are you done with these scissors (with this book, with the dictionary, etc.)? вам больше не нужны ножницы и т. д.?; that's all over and done with с этим все кончено || done! по рук

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > do
11 go

1. intransitive verb,
pres. he goes, p.t. went, pres. p. going, p.p. gone

1) gehen; [Fahrzeug:] fahren; [Flugzeug:] fliegen; [Vierfüßer:] laufen; [Reptil:] kriechen; (on horseback etc.) reiten; (on skis, roller skates) laufen; (in wheelchair, pram, lift) fahren

go by bicycle/car/bus/train or rail/boat or sea or ship — mit dem [Fahr]rad/Auto/Bus/Zug/Schiff fahren

go by plane or air — fliegen

go on foot — zu Fuß gehen; laufen (ugs.)

as one goes [along] — (fig.) nach und nach

do something as one goes [along] — (lit.) etwas beim Gehen od. unterwegs tun

go on a journey — eine Reise machen; verreisen

go first-class/at 50 m.p.h. — erster Klasse reisen od. fahren/80 Stundenkilometer fahren

have far to go — weit zu gehen od. zu fahren haben; es weit haben

the doll/dog goes everywhere with her — sie hat immer ihre Puppe/ihren Hund dabei

who goes there? — (sentry's challenge) wer da?

there you go — (coll., giving something) bitte!; da! (ugs.)

2) (proceed as regards purpose, activity, destination, or route) [Bus, Zug, Lift, Schiff:] fahren; (use means of transportation) fahren; (fly) fliegen; (proceed on outward journey) weg-, abfahren; (travel regularly) [Verkehrsmittel:] verkehren (from... to zwischen + Dat.... und)

his hand went to his pocket — er griff nach seiner Tasche

go to the toilet/cinema/moon/a museum/a funeral — auf die Toilette/ins Kino gehen/zum Mond fliegen/ins Museum/zu einer Beerdigung gehen

go to a dance — tanzen gehen

go to the doctor['s] — etc. zum Arzt usw. gehen

go [out] to China — nach China gehen

go [over] to America — nach Amerika [hinüber]fliegen/-fahren

go [off] to London — nach London [ab]fahren/[ab]fliegen

last year we went to Italy — letztes Jahr waren wir in Italien

go this/that way — hier/da entlanggehen/-fahren

go out of one's way — einen Umweg machen; (fig.) keine Mühe scheuen

go towards something/somebody — auf etwas/jemanden zugehen

don't go on the grass — geh nicht auf den Rasen

go by something/somebody — [Festzug usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeiziehen; [Bus usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeifahren

go in and out [of something] — [in etwas (Dat.)] ein- und ausgehen

go into something — in etwas (Akk.) [hinein]gehen

go looking for somebody — jemanden suchen gehen

go chasing after something/somebody — hinter etwas/jemandem herrennen (ugs.)

go to live in Berlin — nach Berlin ziehen

go to see somebody — jemanden aufsuchen

I went to water the garden — ich ging den Garten sprengen

go and do something — [gehen und] etwas tun

I'll go and get my coat — ich hole jetzt meinen Mantel

go and see whether... — nachsehen [gehen], ob...

go on a pilgrimage — etc. eine Pilgerfahrt usw. machen

go on TV/the radio — im Fernsehen/Radio auftreten

I'll go! — ich geh schon!; (answer phone) ich geh ran od. nehme ab; (answer door) ich mache auf

you go! — (to the phone) geh du mal ran!

3) (start) losgehen; (in vehicle) losfahren

let's go! — (coll.) fangen wir an!

here goes! — (coll.) dann mal los!

whose turn is it to go? — (in game) wer ist an der Reihe?

go first — (in game) anfangen

from the word go — (fig. coll.) [schon] von Anfang an

4) (pass, circulate, be transmitted) gehen

a shiver went up or down my spine — ein Schauer lief mir über den Rücken od. den Rücken hinunter

go to — (be given to) [Preis, Sieg, Gelder, Job:] gehen an (+ Akk.); [Titel, Krone, Besitz:] übergehen auf (+ Akk.); [Ehre, Verdienst:] zuteil werden (Dat.)

go towards — (be of benefit to) zugute kommen (+ Dat.)

go according to — (be determined by) sich richten nach

5) (make specific motion, do something specific)

go round — [Rad:] sich drehen

there he etc. goes again — (coll.) da, schon wieder!

here we go again — (coll.) jetzt geht das wieder los!

6) (act, work, function effectively) gehen; [Mechanismus, Maschine:] laufen

get the car to go — das Auto ankriegen (ugs.) od. starten

at midnight we were still going — um Mitternacht waren wir immer noch dabei od. im Gange

go by electricity — mit Strom betrieben werden

keep going — (in movement) weitergehen/-fahren; (in activity) weitermachen; (not fail) sich aufrecht halten

keep somebody going — (enable to continue) jemanden aufrecht halten

that'll keep me going — damit komme ich aus

keep something going — etwas in Gang halten

make something go, get/set something going — etwas in Gang bringen

7)

go to — (attend)

go to work — zur Arbeit gehen

go to church/school — in die Kirche/die Schule gehen

go to a comprehensive school — eine Gesamtschule besuchen; auf eine Gesamtschule gehen

8) (have recourse)

go to the originals — auf die Quellen zurückgreifen

go to the relevant authority/UN — sich an die zuständige Behörde/UN wenden

where do we go from here? — (fig.) und was nun? (ugs.)

9) (depart) gehen; [Bus, Zug:] [ab]fahren; [Post:] rausgehen (ugs.)

I must be going now — ich muss allmählich gehen

time to go! — wir müssen/ihr müsst usw. gehen!

to go — (Amer.) [Speisen, Getränke:] zum Mitnehmen

10) (euphem.): (die) sterben

be dead and gone — tot sein

after I go — wenn ich einmal nicht mehr bin

11) (fail) [Gedächtnis, Kräfte:] nachlassen; (cease to function) kaputtgehen; [Maschine, Computer usw.:] ausfallen; [Sicherung:] durchbrennen; (break) brechen; [Seil usw.:] reißen; (collapse) einstürzen; (fray badly) ausfransen

the jacket has gone at the elbows — die Jacke ist an den Ellbogen durchgescheuert

12) (disappear) verschwinden; [Geruch, Rauch:] sich verziehen; [Geld, Zeit:] draufgehen (ugs.) (in, on für); (be relinquished) aufgegeben werden; [Tradition:] abgeschafft werden; (be dismissed) [Arbeitskräfte:] entlassen werden

be gone from sight — außer Sicht geraten sein

my coat/the stain has gone — mein Mantel/der Fleck ist weg

where has my hat gone? — wo ist mein Hut [geblieben]?

all his money goes on women — er gibt sein ganzes Geld für Frauen aus

13) (elapse) [Zeit:] vergehen; [Interview usw.:] vorüber-, vorbeigehen

that has all gone by — das ist jetzt alles vorbei

in days gone by — in längst vergangenen Zeiten

14)

to go — (still remaining)

have something [still] to go — [noch] etwas übrig haben

there's hours to go — es dauert noch Stunden

one week etc. to go to... — noch eine Woche usw. bis...

there's only another mile to go — [es ist] nur noch eine Meile

still have a mile to go — noch eine Meile vor sich (Dat.) haben

one down, two to go — einer ist bereits erledigt, bleiben noch zwei übrig (salopp)

15) (be sold) weggehen (ugs.); verkauft werden

it went for £1 — es ging für 1 Pfund weg

going! going! gone! — zum ersten! zum zweiten! zum dritten!

16) (run) [Grenze, Straße usw.:] verlaufen, gehen; (afford access, lead) gehen; führen; (extend) reichen; (fig.) gehen

as or so far as he/it goes — soweit

17) (turn out, progress) [Ereignis, Projekt, Interview, Abend:] verlaufen

go against somebody/something — [Wahl, Kampf:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausgehen; [Entscheidung, Urteil:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausfallen

how did your holiday/party go? — wie war Ihr Urlaub/Ihre Party?

how is the book going? — was macht [denn] das Buch?

things have been going well/badly/smoothly — etc. in der letzten Zeit läuft alles gut/schief/glatt usw.

how are things going?, how is it going? — wie steht's od. (ugs.) läuft's?

18) (be, have form or nature, be in temporary state) sein; [Sprichwort, Gedicht, Titel:] lauten

this is how things go, that's the way it goes — so ist es nun mal

go against something — mit etwas nicht übereinstimmen

go against one's principles — gegen seine Prinzipien gehen

go hungry — hungern; hungrig bleiben

go without food/water — es ohne Essen/Wasser aushalten

go in fear of one's life — in beständiger Angst um sein Leben leben; see also academic.ru/31520/go_against">go against

19) (become) werden

the tyre has gone flat — der Reifen ist platt

the phone has gone dead — die Leitung ist tot

the constituency/York went Tory — der Wahlkreis/York ging an die Tories

20) (have usual place) kommen; (belong) gehören

where does the box go? — wo kommt od. gehört die Kiste hin?

where do you want this chair to go? — wo soll od. kommt der Stuhl hin?

21) (fit) passen

go in[to] something — in etwas (Akk.) gehen od. [hinein]passen

go through something — durch etwas [hindurch]gehen od. [hindurch]passen

six into twelve goes twice — sechs geht zweimal in zwölf

five goes into forty exactly — vierzig durch fünf geht auf

22) (harmonize, match) passen ( with zu)

the two colours don't go — die beiden Farben passen nicht zusammen od. beißen sich

23) (serve, contribute) dienen

the qualities that go to make a leader — die Eigenschaften, die einen Führer ausmachen

it just goes to show that... — daran zeigt sich, dass...

24) (make sound of specified kind) machen; (emit sound) [Turmuhr, Gong:] schlagen; [Glocke:] läuten

There goes the bell. School is over — Es klingelt. Die Schule ist aus

the fire alarm went at 3 a. m. — der Feueralarm ging um 3 Uhr morgens los

a police car with its siren going — ein Polizeiwagen mit eingeschalteter Sirene

25) as intensifier (coll.)

don't go making or go and make him angry — verärgere ihn bloß nicht

don't go looking for trouble — such keinen Streit

I gave him a £10 note and, of course, he had to go and lose it — (iron.) ich gab ihm einen 10-Pfund-Schein, und er musste ihn natürlich prompt verlieren

now you've been and gone and done it! — (coll.) du hast ja was Schönes angerichtet! (ugs. iron.)

go tell him I'm ready — (coll./Amer.) geh und sag ihm, dass ich fertig bin

26) (coll.): (be acceptable or permitted) erlaubt sein; gehen (ugs.)

everything/anything goes — es ist alles erlaubt

it/that goes without saying — es/das ist doch selbstverständlich

what he etc. says, goes — was er usw. sagt, gilt. See also going; gone
2. transitive verb, forms as
I

1) (Cards) spielen

2) (coll.)

go it — es toll treiben; (work hard) rangehen

he has been going it a bit too hard — er hat es etwas zu weit getrieben

go it! — los!; weiter!
3. noun
, pl. goes (coll.)

1) (attempt, try) Versuch, der; (chance) Gelegenheit, die

have a go — es versuchen od. probieren

have a go at doing something — versuchen, etwas zu tun

have a go at something — sich an etwas (Dat.) versuchen

let me have/can I have a go? — lass mich [auch ein]mal/kann ich [auch ein]mal? (ugs.)

it's my go — ich bin an der Reihe od. dran

in two/three goes — bei zwei/drei Versuchen

at the first go — auf Anhieb

2)

have a go at somebody — (scold) sich (Dat.) jemanden vornehmen od. vorknöpfen (ugs.); (attack) über jemanden herfallen

3) (period of activity)

in one go — auf einmal

he downed his beer in one go — er trank sein Bier in einem Zug aus

4) (energy) Schwung, der

be full of go — voller Schwung od. Elan sein

have plenty of go — einen enormen Schwung od. Elan haben

5) (vigorous activity)

it's all go — es ist alles eine einzige Hetzerei (ugs.)

it's all go at work — es ist ganz schön was los bei der Arbeit

be on the go — auf Trab sein (ugs.)

keep somebody on the go — jemanden auf Trab halten (ugs.)

6) (success)

make a go of something — mit etwas Erfolg haben

it's no go — da ist nichts zu machen
4. adjective
(coll.)

all systems go — alles klar

Phrasal Verbs:

- go about

- go after

- go against

- go ahead

- go along

- go along with

- go around

- go at

- go away

- go back

- go by

- go down

- go down with

- go for

- go forward

- go in

- go in for

- go into

- go in with

- go off

- go on

- go on for

- go on to

- go on with

- go out

- go over

- go over to

- go round

- go through

- go through with

- go together

- go under

- go up

- go with

- go without

* * *
[ɡəu] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - goes; verb
1) (to walk, travel, move etc: He is going across the field; Go straight ahead; When did he go out?) gehen

2) (to be sent, passed on etc: Complaints have to go through the proper channels.) gehen

3) (to be given, sold etc: The prize goes to John Smith; The table went for $100.) abgehen

4) (to lead to: Where does this road go?) führen

5) (to visit, to attend: He goes to school every day; I decided not to go to the movie.) gehen

6) (to be destroyed etc: This wall will have to go.) verschwinden

7) (to proceed, be done: The meeting went very well.) ablaufen

8) (to move away: I think it is time you were going.) gehen

9) (to disappear: My purse has gone!)

10) (to do (some action or activity): I'm going for a walk; I'm going hiking next week-end.) im Begriff stehen, zu...

11) (to fail etc: I think the clutch on this car has gone.) versagen

12) (to be working etc: I don't think that clock is going.) gehen

13) (to become: These apples have gone bad.) werden

14) (to be: Many people in the world regularly go hungry.) sich befinden

15) (to be put: Spoons go in that drawer.) gehören

16) (to pass: Time goes quickly when you are enjoying yourself.) vorbeigehen

17) (to be used: All her pocket-money goes on sweets.) draufgehen

18) (to be acceptable etc: Anything goes in this office.) gehen

19) (to make a particular noise: Dogs go woof, not miaow.) ertönen, machen

20) (to have a particular tune etc: How does that song go?) gehen

21) (to become successful etc: She always makes a party go.) erfolgreich
2. noun
1) (an attempt: I'm not sure how to do it, but I'll have a go.) der Versuch

2) (energy: She's full of go.) der Schwung

•

- going
3. adjective
1) (successful: That shop is still a going concern.) gutgehend

2) (in existence at present: the going rate for typing manuscripts.) bestehend

•

- go-ahead
4. noun
(permission: We'll start as soon as we get the go-ahead.) grünes Licht

- go-getter
- going-over
- goings-on
- no-go
- all go
- be going on for
- be going on
- be going strong
- from the word go
- get going
- give the go-by
- go about
- go after
- go against
- go along
- go along with
- go around
- go around with
- go at
- go back
- go back on
- go by
- go down
- go far
- go for
- go in
- go in for
- go into
- go off
- go on
- go on at
- go out
- go over
- go round
- go slow
- go steady
- go through
- go through with
- go too far
- go towards
- go up
- go up in smoke/flames
- go with
- go without
- keep going
- make a go of something
- make a go
- on the go
* * *

go

[gəʊ, AM goʊ]

I. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<goes, went, gone>

1. (proceed) gehen; vehicle, train fahren; plane fliegen

don't \go any closer — that animal is dangerous geh' nicht näher ran — das Tier ist gefährlich

the bus \goes from Vaihingen to Sillenbuch der Bus verkehrt zwischen Vaihingen und Sillenbuch

a shiver went down my spine mir fuhr ein Schauer über den Rücken

you \go first! geh du zuerst!

you \go next du bist als Nächste(r) dran!

hey, I \go now he, jetzt bin ich dran! fam

the doll \goes everywhere with him die Puppe nimmt er überallhin mit

drive to the end of the road, \go left, and... fahren Sie die Straße bis zum Ende entlang, biegen Sie dann links ab und...

\go south till you get to the coast halte dich südlich, bis du zur Küste kommst

we have a long way to \go wir haben noch einen weiten Weg vor uns

we've completed all of our goals — where do we \go from here? wir haben all unsere Ziele erreicht — wie geht es jetzt weiter?

the train hooted as it went into the tunnel der Zug pfiff, als er in den Tunnel einfuhr

who \goes there? wer da?; (to dog)

\go fetch it! hol'!

▪ to \go towards sb/sth auf jdn/etw zugehen

to \go home nach Hause gehen

to \go to hospital/a party/prison/the toilet ins Krankenhaus/auf eine Party/ins Gefängnis/auf die Toilette gehen

to \go across to the pub rüber in die Kneipe gehen fam

to \go to sea zur See gehen fam

to \go across the street über die Straße gehen

to \go aboard/ashore an Bord/Land gehen

to \go below nach unten gehen

to \go below deck unter Deck gehen

to \go downhill ( also fig) bergab gehen

to have it far to \go es weit haben

to \go offstage [von der Bühne] abgehen

to \go round sich akk drehen

2. (in order to get)

could you \go into the kitchen and get me something to drink, please? könntest du bitte in die Küche gehen und mir was zu trinken holen?

would you \go and get me some things from the supermarket? würdest du mir ein paar Sachen vom Supermarkt mitbringen?

I just want to \go and have a look at that antique shop over there ich möchte nur schnell einen Blick in das Antiquitätengeschäft da drüben werfen

would you wait for me while I \go and fetch my coat? wartest du kurz auf mich, während ich meinen Mantel hole?

I'll just \go and put my shoes on ich ziehe mir nur schnell die Schuhe on

\go and wash your hands geh und wasch deine Hände

she's gone to meet Brian at the station sie ist Brian vom Bahnhof abholen gegangen

to \go and get some fresh air frische Luft schnappen gehen

to \go to see sb jdn aufsuchen

3. (travel) reisen

have you ever gone to Africa before? warst du schon einmal in Afrika?

to \go by bike/car/coach/train mit dem Fahrrad/Auto/Bus/Zug fahren

to \go on a cruise eine Kreuzfahrt machen

to \go on [a] holiday in Urlaub gehen

to \go to Italy nach Italien fahren

last year I went to Spain letztes Jahr war ich in Spanien

to \go on a journey verreisen, eine Reise machen

to \go by plane fliegen

to \go on a trip eine Reise machen

to \go abroad ins Ausland gehen

4. (disappear) stain, keys verschwinden

where have my keys gone? wo sind meine Schlüssel hin?

ah, my tummy ache is gone! ah, meine Bauchschmerzen sind weg!

I really don't know where all my money \goes ich weiß auch nicht, wo mein ganzes Geld hinverschwindet!

half of my salary \goes on rent die Hälfte meines Gehaltes geht für die Miete drauf

gone are the days when... vorbei sind die Zeiten, wo...

here \goes my free weekend... das war's dann mit meinem freien Wochenende...

all his money \goes on his car er steckt sein ganzes Geld in sein Auto

there \goes another one! und wieder eine/einer weniger!

hundreds of jobs will \go das wird Hunderte von Arbeitsplätzen kosten

the president will have to \go der Präsident wird seinen Hut nehmen müssen

that cat will have to \go die Katze muss verschwinden!

all hope has gone jegliche Hoffnung ist geschwunden

to \go adrift NAUT abtreiben, wegtreiben; ( fig) gestohlen werden

one of my books has gone adrift from my desk eines meiner Bücher ist von meinem Schreibtisch verschwunden

to \go missing BRIT, AUS verschwinden

5. (leave) gehen

we have to \go now [or it's time to \go] wir müssen jetzt gehen

I must be \going ich muss jetzt allmählich gehen

has she gone yet? ist sie noch da?

the bus has gone der Bus ist schon weg; ( old)

be gone! hinweg mit dir veraltet

to let sth/sb \go, to let \go of sth/sb etw/jdn loslassen

6. (do)

to \go biking/jogging/shopping/swimming etc. Rad fahren/joggen/einkaufen/schwimmen etc. gehen

to \go looking for sb/sth jdn/etw suchen gehen

if you \go telling all my secrets,... wenn du hergehst und alle meine Geheimnisse ausplauderst,...

don't you dare \go crying to your mum about this untersteh dich, deswegen heulend zu deiner Mama zu laufen

7. (attend)

to \go to church/a concert in die Kirche/ins Konzert gehen

to \go to the cinema [or AM a movie] [or BRIT ( fam) the pictures] ins Kino gehen

to \go to the doctor zum Arzt gehen

to \go to kindergarten/school/university in den Kindergarten/in die Schule/auf die Universität gehen

to \go on a pilgrimage auf Pilgerfahrt gehen

8. (answer)

I'll \go (phone) ich geh' ran; (door) ich mach' auf

9. (dress up)

▪ to \go as sth witch, pirate als etw gehen

what shall I \go in? als was soll ich gehen?

10. + adj (become) werden

the line has gone dead die Leitung ist tot

the milk's gone sour die Milch ist sauer

the tyre has gone flat der Reifen ist platt

my mind suddenly went blank ich hatte plötzlich wie ein Brett vorm Kopf sl

I always \go red when I'm embarrassed ich werde immer rot, wenn mir etwas peinlich ist

he described the new regulations as bureaucracy gone mad er bezeichnete die neuen Bestimmungen als Ausgeburt einer wild gewordenen Bürokratie

I went cold mir wurde kalt

she's gone Communist sie ist jetzt Kommunistin

he's gone all environmental er macht jetzt voll auf Öko fam

to \go bad food schlecht werden

to \go bald/grey kahl/grau werden

to \go bankrupt bankrottgehen

to \go haywire (out of control) außer Kontrolle geraten; (malfunction) verrücktspielen fam

to \go public an die Öffentlichkeit treten; STOCKEX an die Börse gehen

to \go to sleep einschlafen

11. + adj (be) sein

to \go hungry hungern

to \go thirsty dursten, durstig sein ÖSTERR

to \go unmentioned/unnoticed/unsolved unerwähnt/unbemerkt/ungelöst bleiben

12. (turn out) gehen

how did your party \go? und, wie war deine Party?

how's your thesis \going? was macht deine Doktorarbeit?

how are things \going? und, wie läuft's? fam

if everything \goes well... wenn alles gutgeht...

things have gone well es ist gut gelaufen

the way things \go wie das halt so geht

the way things are \going at the moment... so wie es im Moment aussieht...

to \go like a bomb ein Bombenerfolg sein fam

to \go according to plan nach Plan laufen

to \go from bad to worse vom Regen in die Traufe kommen

to \go against/for sb election zu jds Ungunsten/Gunsten ausgehen

to \go wrong schiefgehen, schieflaufen fam

13. (pass) vergehen, verstreichen

time seems to \go faster as you get older die Zeit scheint schneller zu vergehen, wenn man älter wird

only two days to \go... nur noch zwei Tage...

one week to \go till Christmas noch eine Woche bis Weihnachten

in days gone by in längst vergangenen Zeiten

two exams down, one to \go zwei Prüfungen sind schon geschafft, jetzt noch eine, dann ist es geschafft!

I've three years to \go before I can retire mir fehlen noch drei Jahre bis zur Rente!

14. (begin) anfangen

ready to \go? bist du bereit?

one, two, three, \go! eins, zwei, drei, los!

we really must get \going with these proposals wir müssen uns jetzt echt an diese Konzepte setzen

let's \go! los!

here \goes! jetzt geht's los!

15. (fail) kaputtgehen; hearing, health, memory nachlassen; rope reißen

our computer is \going unser Computer gibt seinen Geist auf hum fam

my jeans is gone at the knees meine Jeans ist an den Knien durchgescheuert

her mind is \going sie baut geistig ganz schön ab! fam

16. (die) sterben

she went peacefully in her sleep sie starb friedlich im Schlaf

17. (belong) hingehören

I'll put it away if you tell me where it \goes ich räum's weg, wenn du mir sagst, wo es hingehört

the silverware \goes in the drawer over there das Silber kommt in die Schublade da drüben

those tools \go in the garage diese Werkzeuge gehören in die Garage

that is to \go into my account das kommt auf mein Konto

where do you want that to \go? wo soll das hin?

that \goes under a different chapter das gehört in ein anderes Kapitel

18. (be awarded)

▪ to \go to sb prize, house an jdn gehen; property auf jdn übergehen geh

Manchester went to Labour Manchester ging an Labour

19. (lead) road führen

where does this trail \go? wohin führt dieser Pfad?

20. (extend) gehen

the meadow \goes all the way down to the road die Weide erstreckt sich bis hinunter zur Straße

your idea is good enough, as far as it \goes... deine Idee ist so weit ganz gut,...

the numbers on the paper \go from 1 to 10 die Nummern auf dem Blatt gehen von 1 bis 10

21. (in auction) gehen

I'll \go as high as £200 ich gehe bis zu 200 Pfund

22. (function) watch gehen; machine laufen

our business has been \going for twenty years unser Geschäft läuft seit zwanzig Jahren

I'm not saying anything as long as the tape recorder is \going ich sage gar nichts, solange das Tonbandgerät läuft

to \go slow ECON einen Bummelstreik machen; watch nachgehen

to get sth \going [or to \go] [or to make sth \go] etw in Gang bringen

to get a party \going eine Party in Fahrt bringen

to get [or set] sb \going jdn in Fahrt bringen

to keep \going person weitermachen; car weiterfahren

come on! keep \going! ja, weiter! fam

to keep sth \going etw in Gang halten; factory in Betrieb halten

to keep a conversation \going eine Unterhaltung am Laufen halten

to keep a fire \going ein Feuer am Brennen halten

that thought kept me \going dieser Gedanke ließ mich durchhalten

here's some food to keep you \going hier hast du erst mal was zu essen

23. (have recourse) gehen

to \go to court over sth wegen einer S. gen vor Gericht gehen

to \go to the police zur Polizei gehen

to \go to war in den Krieg ziehen

24. (match, be in accordance)

▪ to \go [with sth] [zu etw dat] passen

these two colours don't \go diese beiden Farben beißen sich

to \go against logic unlogisch sein

to \go against one's principles gegen jds Prinzipien verstoßen

25. (fit)

five \goes into ten two times [or five into ten \goes twice] fünf geht zweimal in zehn

do you think all these things will \go into our little suitcase? glaubst du, das ganze Zeug wird in unseren kleinen Koffer passen? fam

26. (be sold) weggehen fam

\going, \going, gone! zum Ersten, zum Zweiten, [und] zum Dritten!

pocketbooks are \going for $10 for the next two days in den nächsten zwei Tagen sind die Taschenbücher für 10 Dollar zu haben

▪ to \go to sb an jdn gehen

to \go like hot cakes weggehen wie warme Semmeln fam

to be \going cheap billig zu haben sein

27. (serve, contribute)

▪ to \go [to sth] [zu etw dat] beitragen

the money will \go to the victims of the earthquake das Geld ist für die Erdbebenopfer bestimmt

this will \go towards your holiday das [Geld] ist für deinen Urlaub bestimmt

your daughter's attitude only \goes to prove how much... die Einstellung deiner Tochter zeigt einmal mehr, wie sehr...

28. (move) machen

when I \go like this, my hand hurts wenn ich so mache, tut meine Hand weh

\go like this with your hand to show that... mach so mit deiner Hand, um zu zeigen, dass...

29. (sound) machen

I think I heard the doorbell \go just now ich glaube, es hat gerade geklingelt

there \goes the bell es klingelt

ducks \go ‘quack’ Enten machen ‚quack‘

with sirens \going ambulance mit heulender Sirene

30. (accepted)

anything \goes alles ist erlaubt

that \goes for all of you das gilt für euch alle!

31. (be told, sung) gehen; title, theory lauten

I can never remember how that song \goes ich weiß nie, wie dieses Lied geht

the story \goes that... es heißt, dass...

the rumour \goes that... es geht das Gerücht, dass...

32. (compared to)

as hospitals/things \go verglichen mit anderen Krankenhäusern/Dingen

as things \go today it wasn't that expensive für heutige Verhältnisse war es gar nicht so teuer

33. ( fam: use the toilet)

I really have to \go ich muss ganz dringend mal! fam

34. ( fam: expressing annoyance)

I've gone and lost my earring ich habe meinen Ohrring verloren

you've really gone and done it now! jetzt hast du aber was Schönes angerichtet! iron; (pej!)

\go to hell! geh [o scher dich] zum Teufel! fam

35. AM (in restaurant)

do you want that pizza here or to \go? möchten Sie die Pizza hier essen oder mitnehmen?; AM

I'd like a cheeseburger to \go, please ich hätte gerne einen Cheeseburger zum Mitnehmen

36. (available)

is there any beer \going? gibt es Bier?

I'll have whatever is \going ich nehme das, was gerade da ist

37. ( fam: treat)

to \go easy on sb jdn schonend behandeln, jdn glimpflich davonkommen lassen

38.

▶ to \go all out to do sth alles daransetzen, etw zu tun

▶ to \go Dutch getrennt zahlen

▶ easy come, easy \go ( prov) wie gewonnen, so zerronnen prov

▶ \go [and] get stuffed! ( fam) du kannst mich mal! fam

▶ to \go halves on sth sich dat etw je zur Hälfte teilen

▶ here we \go again ( fam) jetzt geht das wieder los! fam

▶ \go [and] take a running jump! mach bloß, dass du abhaust [o ÖSTERR verschwindest]! fam

▶ there you \go bitte schön!; (told you so) sag ich's doch! fam

▶ there he \goes again ( fam) jetzt fängt er schon wieder damit an! fam

▶ don't \go there ( fam) lass dich nicht darauf ein

▶ that \goes without saying das versteht sich von selbst

II. AUXILIARY VERB

future tense

▪ to be \going to do sth etw tun werden

we are \going to have a party tomorrow wir geben morgen eine Party

he was \going to phone me this morning er wollte mich heute Morgen anrufen

isn't she \going to accept the job after all? nimmt sie den Job nun doch nicht an?

III. TRANSITIVE VERB

<goes, went, gone>

1. esp AM (travel)

▪ to \go sth a route, a highway etw nehmen

2. ( fam: say)

▪ to \go sth:

she \goes to me: I never want to see you again! sie sagt zu mir: ich will dich nie wieder sehen!

3. CARDS

▪ to \go sth etw reizen

to \go nap die höchste Zahl von Stichen ansagen

4. BRIT (like)

to not \go much on sth sich dat nicht viel aus etw dat machen

5. (become)

▪ to \go sth:

my mind went a complete blank ich hatte voll ein Brett vorm Kopf! fam

6.

▶ to \go it alone etw im Alleingang tun

▶ to \go it ( fam) es toll treiben fam; (move quickly) ein tolles Tempo drauf haben; (work hard) sich akk reinknien

▶ to \go a long way lange [vor]halten

▶ sb will \go a long way jd wird es weit bringen

▶ to \go nap alles auf eine Karte setzen

▶ to \go it some es laufenlassen fam

IV. NOUN

<pl -es>

1. (turn)

I'll have a \go at driving if you're tired ich kann dich mit dem Fahren ablösen, wenn du müde bist fam

you've had your \go already! du warst schon dran!

hey, it's Ken's \go now he, jetzt ist Ken dran

can I have a \go? darf ich mal?

to miss one \go einmal aussetzen; (not voluntarily) einmal übersprungen werden

2. (attempt) Versuch m

have a \go! versuch' es doch einfach mal! fam

at one \go auf einen Schlag; (drink) in einem Zug fam

all in one \go alle[s] auf einmal

at the first \go auf Anhieb

to give sth a \go etw versuchen

to have a \go at sb (criticize) jdn runtermachen fam; (attack) über jdn herfallen

his boss had a \go at him about his appearance sein Chef hat sich ihn wegen seines Äußeren vorgeknöpft fam

members of the public are strongly advised not to have a \go at this man die Öffentlichkeit wird eindringlich davor gewarnt, etwas gegen diesen Mann zu unternehmen

to have a \go at doing sth versuchen, etw zu tun

to have several \goes at sth für etw akk mehrere Anläufe nehmen

3. no pl (energy) Antrieb m, Elan m

to be full of \go voller Elan sein

4. esp BRIT ( fam: dose) Anfall m

she had such a bad \go of the flu that she took a week off from work sie hatte so eine schlimme Grippe, dass sie eine Woche in Krankenstand ging

5. ( fam: lots of activity)

it's all \go here hier ist immer was los fam

it's all \go and no relaxing on those bus tours auf diesen Busfahrten wird nur gehetzt und man kommt nie zum Ausruhen fam

I've got two projects on the \go at the moment ich habe momentan zwei Projekte gleichzeitig laufen

to be on the \go [ständig] auf Trab sein

I've been on the \go all day long ich war den ganzen Tag auf Achse fam

to keep sb on the \go jdn auf Trab halten fam

6.

▶ to be all the \go BRIT ( dated fam) der letzte Schrei sein

▶ to make a \go of sth mit etw dat Erfolg haben

she's making a \go of her new antique shop ihr neues Antiquitätengeschäft ist ein voller Erfolg fam

▶ that was a near \go das war knapp

▶ it's no \go da ist nichts zu machen

▶ to be touch and \go auf der Kippe stehen fam

▶ from the word \go von Anfang an

V. ADJECTIVE

pred [start]klar, in Ordnung

all systems [are] \go alles klar

all systems \go, take-off in t minus 10 alle Systeme zeigen grün, Start in t minus 10

* * *

go¹ [ɡəʊ]

A pl goes [ɡəʊz] s

1. Gehen n:

on the go umg

a) (ständig) in Bewegung oder auf Achse

b) obs im Verfall begriffen, im Dahinschwinden;

from the word go umg von Anfang an

2. Gang m, (Ver)Lauf m

3. umg Schwung m, Schmiss m umg:

this song has no go;

he is full of go er hat Schwung, er ist voller Leben

4. umg Mode f:

it is all the go now es ist jetzt große Mode

5. umg Erfolg m:

make a go of sth etwas zu einem Erfolg machen;

no go

a) kein Erfolg,

b) aussichts-, zwecklos;

it’s no go es geht nicht, nichts zu machen

6. umg Abmachung f:

it’s a go! abgemacht!

7. umg Versuch m:

have a go at sth etwas probieren oder versuchen;

let me have a go lass mich mal (probieren)!;

have a go at sb jemandem was zu hören geben umg;

have a go (Fußball) abziehen;

at one go auf einen Schlag, auf Anhieb;

in one go auf einen Sitz;

at the first go gleich beim ersten Versuch;

it’s your go du bist an der Reihe oder dran

8. umg ( besonders unangenehme) Sache, Geschichte f:

what a go! ’ne schöne Geschichte oder Bescherung!, so was Dummes!;

it was a near go das ging gerade noch (einmal) gut

9. umg

a) Portion f (einer Speise)

b) Glas n:

his third go of brandy sein dritter Kognak

10. Anfall m (einer Krankheit):

my second go of influenza meine zweite Grippe

B adj TECH umg funktionstüchtig

C v/i prät went [went], pperf gone [ɡɒn; US ɡɔːn], 3. sg präs goes [ɡəʊz]

1. gehen, fahren, reisen ( alle:

to nach), sich (fort)bewegen:

go on foot zu Fuß gehen;

go by plane ( oder air) mit dem Flugzeug reisen, fliegen;

go to Paris nach Paris reisen oder gehen;

go to the country Br (das Parlament auflösen und) Neuwahlen ausschreiben; → horseback A, train A 1

2. (fort)gehen, abfahren, abreisen (to nach):

people were coming and going Leute kamen und gingen;

who goes there? MIL wer da?;

I must be going ich muss gehen oder weg oder fort; → let¹ Bes Redew

3. verkehren, fahren (Fahrzeuge)

4. anfangen, loslegen, -gehen:

go! SPORT los!;

go to it! mach dich dran!, ran! (beide umg);

here you go again! jetzt fängst du schon wieder an!;

just go and try versuchs doch mal!;

here goes! umg dann mal los!, ran (an den Speck)!

5. gehen, führen (to nach):

this road goes to York

6. sich erstrecken, reichen, gehen (to bis):

the belt does not go round her waist der Gürtel geht oder reicht nicht um ihre Taille;

as far as it goes bis zu einem gewissen Grade;

it goes a long way es reicht lange (aus)

7. fig gehen:

let it go at that lass es dabei bewenden; → all Bes Redew, anywhere 1, court A 10, expense Bes Redew, far Bes Redew, heart Bes Redew, nowhere A 2

8. MATH (into) gehen (in akk), enthalten sein (in dat):

5 into 10 goes twice

9. gehen, passen ( beide:

into, in in akk), fallen (to auf akk):

it does not go into my pocket es geht oder passt nicht in meine Tasche;

12 inches go to the foot 12 Zoll gehen auf oder bilden einen Fuß

10. gehören (in, into in akk; on auf akk):

the books go on the shelf die Bücher gehören in oder kommen auf das Regal;

where does this go? wohin kommt das?

11. (to) gehen (an akk) (Preis etc), zufallen (dat) (Erbe):

the money is going to a good cause das Geld fließt einem guten Zweck zu oder kommt einem guten Zweck zugute!

12. TECH gehen, laufen, funktionieren (alle auch fig):

the engine is going;

keep (set) sth going etwas in Gang halten (bringen);

make things go die Sache in Schwung bringen; → get B 14, C 4, keep B 2

13. werden, in einen (bestimmten) Zustand übergehen oder verfallen:

your coffee will go cold dein Kaffee wird kalt;

go blind erblinden;

go Conservative zu den Konservativen übergehen; → bad¹ A 13, hot A 3, mad A 1

14. (gewöhnlich) (in einem Zustand) sein, sich ständig befinden:

go armed bewaffnet sein;

go in rags ständig in Lumpen herumlaufen;

go hungry hungern;

going sixteen im 16. Lebensjahr; → fear A 1, unheeded

15. a) meist go with child schwanger sein

b) go with young ZOOL trächtig sein

16. (with) gehen (mit), sich halten oder anschließen (an akk): → tide¹ A 3

17. sich halten (by, on, upon an akk), gehen, handeln, sich richten, urteilen (on, upon nach):

have nothing to go upon keine Anhaltspunkte haben;

going by her clothes ihrer Kleidung nach (zu urteilen)

18. umgehen, kursieren, im Umlauf sein (Gerüchte etc):

the story goes that … es heißt oder man erzählt sich, dass …

19. gelten ( for für):

what he says goes umg was er sagt, gilt;

that goes for all of you das gilt für euch alle;

it goes without saying es versteht sich von selbst, (es ist) selbstverständlich

20. gehen, laufen, bekannt sein:

it goes by ( oder under) the name of … es läuft unter dem Namen …;

my dog goes by the name of Rover mein Hund hört auf den Namen Rover

21. as hotels go im Vergleich zu anderen Hotels;

he’s a meek man, as men go er ist ein vergleichsweise sanftmütiger Mann

22. vergehen, -streichen:

how time goes! wie (doch) die Zeit vergeht!;

one minute to go noch eine Minute;

with five minutes to go SPORT fünf Minuten vor Spielende

23. WIRTSCH weggehen, abgesetzt oder verkauft werden ( beide:

at, for für):

“everything must go” „Totalausverkauf“;

go for nothing umsonst sein (Mühe etc); → cake A 1

24. (on, in) aufgehen (in dat), ausgegeben werden (für):

most of the money goes in wages;

all his money goes on drink er gibt sein ganzes Geld für Alkohol aus

25. dazu beitragen oder dienen ( to do zu tun), dienen (to zu), verwendet werden (to, toward[s] für, zu):

it goes to show dies zeigt, daran erkennt man;

this only goes to show you the truth dies dient nur dazu, Ihnen die Wahrheit zu zeigen

26. verlaufen, sich entwickeln oder gestalten:

how does the play go? wie geht oder welchen Erfolg hat das Stück?;

things have gone badly with me es ist mir schlecht ergangen

27. ausgehen, -fallen:

the decision went against him die Entscheidung fiel zu seinen Ungunsten aus;

it went well es ging gut (aus)

28. Erfolg haben:

the play goes;

go big umg ein Riesenerfolg sein

29. (with) gehen, sich vertragen, harmonieren (mit), passen (zu):

black goes well with yellow

30. ertönen, erklingen, läuten (Glocke), schlagen (Uhr):

the clock went five die Uhr schlug fünf;

the doorbell went es klingelte oder läutete

31. mit einem Knall etc losgehen:

bang went the gun die Kanone machte bumm

32. lauten (Worte etc):

I forget how the words go mir fällt der Text im Moment nicht ein;

this is how the tune goes so geht die Melodie;

this song goes to the tune of … dieses Lied geht nach der Melodie von …

33. gehen, verschwinden, abgeschafft werden:

he must go er muss weg;

these laws must go die Gesetze müssen verschwinden

34. (dahin)schwinden:

his strength is going;

my eyesight is going meine Augen werden immer schlechter

35. zum Erliegen kommen, zusammenbrechen (Handel etc)

36. kaputtgehen (Sohlen etc)

37. sterben

38. (im ppr mit inf) zum Ausdruck einer Zukunft, besonders

a) einer Absicht

b) etwas Unabänderlichem:

it is going to rain es gibt Regen, es wird (bald oder gleich) regnen;

he is going to read it er wird oder will es (bald) lesen;

she is going to have a baby sie bekommt ein Kind;

what was going to be done? was sollte nun geschehen?

39. (mit nachfolgendem ger) meist gehen:

go swimming schwimmen gehen;

you must not go telling him du darfst es ihm ja nicht sagen;

he goes frightening people er erschreckt immer die Leute

40. (daran)gehen, sich aufmachen oder anschicken:

he went to find him er ging ihn suchen;

she went to see him sie besuchte ihn;

go fetch! bring es!, hol es!;

he went and sold it umg er hat es tatsächlich verkauft; er war so dumm, es zu verkaufen

41. “pizzas to go” (Schild) US „Pizzas zum Mitnehmen“

42. erlaubt sein:

everything goes in this place hier ist alles erlaubt

43. besonders US umg wiegen:

I went 90 kilos last year letztes Jahr hatte ich 90 Kilo

D v/t

1. einen Weg, eine Strecke etc gehen

2. einen Betrag wetten, setzen (on auf akk)

3. Kartenspiel: ansagen

4. US umg eine Einladung oder Wette annehmen von:

I’ll go you! ich nehme an!, gemacht!

5. go it umg

a) sich reinknien, (mächtig) rangehen,

b) es toll treiben, auf den Putz hauen,

c) handeln:

go it alone einen Alleingang machen;

go it! ran!, (immer) feste! umg

go² [ɡəʊ] Go n (japanisches Brettspiel)

* * *
1. intransitive verb,
pres. he goes, p.t. went, pres. p. going, p.p. gone

1) gehen; [Fahrzeug:] fahren; [Flugzeug:] fliegen; [Vierfüßer:] laufen; [Reptil:] kriechen; (on horseback etc.) reiten; (on skis, roller skates) laufen; (in wheelchair, pram, lift) fahren

go by bicycle/car/bus/train or rail/boat or sea or ship — mit dem [Fahr]rad/Auto/Bus/Zug/Schiff fahren

go by plane or air — fliegen

go on foot — zu Fuß gehen; laufen (ugs.)

as one goes [along] — (fig.) nach und nach

do something as one goes [along] — (lit.) etwas beim Gehen od. unterwegs tun

go on a journey — eine Reise machen; verreisen

go first-class/at 50 m.p.h. — erster Klasse reisen od. fahren/80 Stundenkilometer fahren

have far to go — weit zu gehen od. zu fahren haben; es weit haben

the doll/dog goes everywhere with her — sie hat immer ihre Puppe/ihren Hund dabei

who goes there? — (sentry's challenge) wer da?

there you go — (coll., giving something) bitte!; da! (ugs.)

2) (proceed as regards purpose, activity, destination, or route) [Bus, Zug, Lift, Schiff:] fahren; (use means of transportation) fahren; (fly) fliegen; (proceed on outward journey) weg-, abfahren; (travel regularly) [Verkehrsmittel:] verkehren (from... to zwischen + Dat.... und)

his hand went to his pocket — er griff nach seiner Tasche

go to the toilet/cinema/moon/a museum/a funeral — auf die Toilette/ins Kino gehen/zum Mond fliegen/ins Museum/zu einer Beerdigung gehen

go to a dance — tanzen gehen

go to the doctor['s] — etc. zum Arzt usw. gehen

go [out] to China — nach China gehen

go [over] to America — nach Amerika [hinüber]fliegen/-fahren

go [off] to London — nach London [ab]fahren/[ab]fliegen

last year we went to Italy — letztes Jahr waren wir in Italien

go this/that way — hier/da entlanggehen/-fahren

go out of one's way — einen Umweg machen; (fig.) keine Mühe scheuen

go towards something/somebody — auf etwas/jemanden zugehen

don't go on the grass — geh nicht auf den Rasen

go by something/somebody — [Festzug usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeiziehen; [Bus usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeifahren

go in and out [of something] — [in etwas (Dat.)] ein- und ausgehen

go into something — in etwas (Akk.) [hinein]gehen

go looking for somebody — jemanden suchen gehen

go chasing after something/somebody — hinter etwas/jemandem herrennen (ugs.)

go to live in Berlin — nach Berlin ziehen

go to see somebody — jemanden aufsuchen

I went to water the garden — ich ging den Garten sprengen

go and do something — [gehen und] etwas tun

I'll go and get my coat — ich hole jetzt meinen Mantel

go and see whether... — nachsehen [gehen], ob...

go on a pilgrimage — etc. eine Pilgerfahrt usw. machen

go on TV/the radio — im Fernsehen/Radio auftreten

I'll go! — ich geh schon!; (answer phone) ich geh ran od. nehme ab; (answer door) ich mache auf

you go! — (to the phone) geh du mal ran!

3) (start) losgehen; (in vehicle) losfahren

let's go! — (coll.) fangen wir an!

here goes! — (coll.) dann mal los!

whose turn is it to go? — (in game) wer ist an der Reihe?

go first — (in game) anfangen

from the word go — (fig. coll.) [schon] von Anfang an

4) (pass, circulate, be transmitted) gehen

a shiver went up or down my spine — ein Schauer lief mir über den Rücken od. den Rücken hinunter

go to — (be given to) [Preis, Sieg, Gelder, Job:] gehen an (+ Akk.); [Titel, Krone, Besitz:] übergehen auf (+ Akk.); [Ehre, Verdienst:] zuteil werden (Dat.)

go towards — (be of benefit to) zugute kommen (+ Dat.)

go according to — (be determined by) sich richten nach

5) (make specific motion, do something specific)

go round — [Rad:] sich drehen

there he etc. goes again — (coll.) da, schon wieder!

here we go again — (coll.) jetzt geht das wieder los!

6) (act, work, function effectively) gehen; [Mechanismus, Maschine:] laufen

get the car to go — das Auto ankriegen (ugs.) od. starten

at midnight we were still going — um Mitternacht waren wir immer noch dabei od. im Gange

go by electricity — mit Strom betrieben werden

keep going — (in movement) weitergehen/-fahren; (in activity) weitermachen; (not fail) sich aufrecht halten

keep somebody going — (enable to continue) jemanden aufrecht halten

that'll keep me going — damit komme ich aus

keep something going — etwas in Gang halten

make something go, get/set something going — etwas in Gang bringen

7)

go to — (attend)

go to work — zur Arbeit gehen

go to church/school — in die Kirche/die Schule gehen

go to a comprehensive school — eine Gesamtschule besuchen; auf eine Gesamtschule gehen

8) (have recourse)

go to the originals — auf die Quellen zurückgreifen

go to the relevant authority/UN — sich an die zuständige Behörde/UN wenden

where do we go from here? — (fig.) und was nun? (ugs.)

9) (depart) gehen; [Bus, Zug:] [ab]fahren; [Post:] rausgehen (ugs.)

I must be going now — ich muss allmählich gehen

time to go! — wir müssen/ihr müsst usw. gehen!

to go — (Amer.) [Speisen, Getränke:] zum Mitnehmen

10) (euphem.): (die) sterben

be dead and gone — tot sein

after I go — wenn ich einmal nicht mehr bin

11) (fail) [Gedächtnis, Kräfte:] nachlassen; (cease to function) kaputtgehen; [Maschine, Computer usw.:] ausfallen; [Sicherung:] durchbrennen; (break) brechen; [Seil usw.:] reißen; (collapse) einstürzen; (fray badly) ausfransen

the jacket has gone at the elbows — die Jacke ist an den Ellbogen durchgescheuert

12) (disappear) verschwinden; [Geruch, Rauch:] sich verziehen; [Geld, Zeit:] draufgehen (ugs.) (in, on für); (be relinquished) aufgegeben werden; [Tradition:] abgeschafft werden; (be dismissed) [Arbeitskräfte:] entlassen werden

be gone from sight — außer Sicht geraten sein

my coat/the stain has gone — mein Mantel/der Fleck ist weg

where has my hat gone? — wo ist mein Hut [geblieben]?

all his money goes on women — er gibt sein ganzes Geld für Frauen aus

13) (elapse) [Zeit:] vergehen; [Interview usw.:] vorüber-, vorbeigehen

that has all gone by — das ist jetzt alles vorbei

in days gone by — in längst vergangenen Zeiten

14)

to go — (still remaining)

have something [still] to go — [noch] etwas übrig haben

there's hours to go — es dauert noch Stunden

one week etc. to go to... — noch eine Woche usw. bis...

there's only another mile to go — [es ist] nur noch eine Meile

still have a mile to go — noch eine Meile vor sich (Dat.) haben

one down, two to go — einer ist bereits erledigt, bleiben noch zwei übrig (salopp)

15) (be sold) weggehen (ugs.); verkauft werden

it went for £1 — es ging für 1 Pfund weg

going! going! gone! — zum ersten! zum zweiten! zum dritten!

16) (run) [Grenze, Straße usw.:] verlaufen, gehen; (afford access, lead) gehen; führen; (extend) reichen; (fig.) gehen

as or so far as he/it goes — soweit

17) (turn out, progress) [Ereignis, Projekt, Interview, Abend:] verlaufen

go against somebody/something — [Wahl, Kampf:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausgehen; [Entscheidung, Urteil:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausfallen

how did your holiday/party go? — wie war Ihr Urlaub/Ihre Party?

how is the book going? — was macht [denn] das Buch?

things have been going well/badly/smoothly — etc. in der letzten Zeit läuft alles gut/schief/glatt usw.

how are things going?, how is it going? — wie steht's od. (ugs.) läuft's?

18) (be, have form or nature, be in temporary state) sein; [Sprichwort, Gedicht, Titel:] lauten

this is how things go, that's the way it goes — so ist es nun mal

go against something — mit etwas nicht übereinstimmen

go against one's principles — gegen seine Prinzipien gehen

go hungry — hungern; hungrig bleiben

go without food/water — es ohne Essen/Wasser aushalten

go in fear of one's life — in beständiger Angst um sein Leben leben; see also go against

19) (become) werden

the tyre has gone flat — der Reifen ist platt

the phone has gone dead — die Leitung ist tot

the constituency/York went Tory — der Wahlkreis/York ging an die Tories

20) (have usual place) kommen; (belong) gehören

where does the box go? — wo kommt od. gehört die Kiste hin?

where do you want this chair to go? — wo soll od. kommt der Stuhl hin?

21) (fit) passen

go in[to] something — in etwas (Akk.) gehen od. [hinein]passen

go through something — durch etwas [hindurch]gehen od. [hindurch]passen

six into twelve goes twice — sechs geht zweimal in zwölf

five goes into forty exactly — vierzig durch fünf geht auf

22) (harmonize, match) passen ( with zu)

the two colours don't go — die beiden Farben passen nicht zusammen od. beißen sich

23) (serve, contribute) dienen

the qualities that go to make a leader — die Eigenschaften, die einen Führer ausmachen

it just goes to show that... — daran zeigt sich, dass...

24) (make sound of specified kind) machen; (emit sound) [Turmuhr, Gong:] schlagen; [Glocke:] läuten

There goes the bell. School is over — Es klingelt. Die Schule ist aus

the fire alarm went at 3 a. m. — der Feueralarm ging um 3 Uhr morgens los

a police car with its siren going — ein Polizeiwagen mit eingeschalteter Sirene

25) as intensifier (coll.)

don't go making or go and make him angry — verärgere ihn bloß nicht

don't go looking for trouble — such keinen Streit

I gave him a £10 note and, of course, he had to go and lose it — (iron.) ich gab ihm einen 10-Pfund-Schein, und er musste ihn natürlich prompt verlieren

now you've been and gone and done it! — (coll.) du hast ja was Schönes angerichtet! (ugs. iron.)

go tell him I'm ready — (coll./Amer.) geh und sag ihm, dass ich fertig bin

26) (coll.): (be acceptable or permitted) erlaubt sein; gehen (ugs.)

everything/anything goes — es ist alles erlaubt

it/that goes without saying — es/das ist doch selbstverständlich

what he etc. says, goes — was er usw. sagt, gilt. See also going; gone
2. transitive verb, forms as
I

1) (Cards) spielen

2) (coll.)

go it — es toll treiben; (work hard) rangehen

he has been going it a bit too hard — er hat es etwas zu weit getrieben

go it! — los!; weiter!
3. noun
, pl. goes (coll.)

1) (attempt, try) Versuch, der; (chance) Gelegenheit, die

have a go — es versuchen od. probieren

have a go at doing something — versuchen, etwas zu tun

have a go at something — sich an etwas (Dat.) versuchen

let me have/can I have a go? — lass mich [auch ein]mal/kann ich [auch ein]mal? (ugs.)

it's my go — ich bin an der Reihe od. dran

in two/three goes — bei zwei/drei Versuchen

at the first go — auf Anhieb

2)

have a go at somebody — (scold) sich (Dat.) jemanden vornehmen od. vorknöpfen (ugs.); (attack) über jemanden herfallen

3) (period of activity)

in one go — auf einmal

he downed his beer in one go — er trank sein Bier in einem Zug aus

4) (energy) Schwung, der

be full of go — voller Schwung od. Elan sein

have plenty of go — einen enormen Schwung od. Elan haben

5) (vigorous activity)

it's all go — es ist alles eine einzige Hetzerei (ugs.)

it's all go at work — es ist ganz schön was los bei der Arbeit

be on the go — auf Trab sein (ugs.)

keep somebody on the go — jemanden auf Trab halten (ugs.)

6) (success)

make a go of something — mit etwas Erfolg haben

it's no go — da ist nichts zu machen
4. adjective
(coll.)

all systems go — alles klar

Phrasal Verbs:

- go about

- go after

- go against

- go ahead

- go along

- go along with

- go around

- go at

- go away

- go back

- go by

- go down

- go down with

- go for

- go forward

- go in

- go in for

- go into

- go in with

- go off

- go on

- go on for

- go on to

- go on with

- go out

- go over

- go over to

- go round

- go through

- go through with

- go together

- go under

- go up

- go with

- go without

* * *

(deer-) stalking expr.

auf die Pirsch gehen ausdr. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: went, gone)

= funktionieren v.

führen v.

gehen v.

(§ p.,pp.: ging, ist gegangen)

English-german dictionary > go
12 put

put
present participle - putting; verb

1) (to place in a certain position or situation: He put the plate in the cupboard; Did you put any sugar in my coffee?; He put his arm round her; I'm putting a new lock on the door; You're putting too much strain on that rope; When did the Russians first put a man into space?; You've put me in a bad temper; Can you put (=translate) this sentence into French?) poner, colocar

2) (to submit or present (a proposal, question etc): I put several questions to him; She put her ideas before the committee.) presentar

3) (to express in words: He put his refusal very politely; Children sometimes have such a funny way of putting things!) expresar

4) (to write down: I'm trying to write a letter to her, but I don't know what to put.) poner; escribir

5) (to sail in a particular direction: We put out to sea; The ship put into harbour for repairs.) echar al mar

•

- put-on
- a put-up job
- put about
- put across/over
- put aside
- put away
- put back
- put by
- put down
- put down for
- put one's feet up
- put forth
- put in
- put in for
- put off
- put on
- put out
- put through
- put together
- put up
- put up to
- put up with

put vb

1. poner / colocar

she put the money on the table puso el dinero sobre la mesa

2. meter

he put his hand in his pocket metió la mano en el bolsillo

El pasado y participio pasado de put es put; el gerundio se escribe putting

put

tr[pʊt]

transitive verb (pt & pp put, ger putting)

1 (gen) poner; (place) colocar; (add) echar, añadir; (place inside) meter, poner

■ where did you put the matches? ¿dónde has puesto las cerillas?

■ she put the vase on the table puso el florero en la mesa

■ don't put too much salt in it no le eches demasiada sal

■ I put the letter in the envelope metí la carta en el sobre

■ she put her arms round him lo abrazó

■ Fred put his head round the door Fred asomó la cabeza por la puerta

2 (write, mark) poner, apuntar, escribir

■ what did you put for number six? ¿qué pusiste en el número seis?

3 (cause to be) poner

■ this puts me in a difficult position esto me pone en una situación difícil

■ he put other people's lives in danger puso la vida de otras personas en peligro

■ what's put you in such a bad mood ¿qué te ha puesto de tan mal humor?

4 (rate, classify) poner

■ I'd put him among the top ten cyclists yo lo pondría entre los diez mejores ciclistas

■ she puts her family before her job antepone su familia al trabajo

5 (express) expresar, decir

■ how shall I put it? ¿cómo te lo diría?

■ you put that very well lo has expresado muy bien

6 (calculate, estimate) calcular

■ I'd put the cost at 100 pounds yo diría que cuesta 100 libras

■ she put his age at 50 le echó 50 años

7 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (shot) lanzar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be hard put to do something serle difícil a uno hacer algo

to not know where to put oneself no saber dónde ponerse, no saber dónde esconderse

to put an end to something acabar con algo, poner fin a algo

to put in a good word for somebody recomendar a alguien

to not put it past somebody (to do something) creer a alguien muy capaz (de hacer algo)

to put one over on somebody engañar a alguien

to put paid to something estropear algo

to put something right arreglar algo

to put somebody on the train, plane, etc acompañar a alguien al tren, al avión, etc

to put somebody to bed acostar a alguien

to put somebody to death ejecutar a alguien

to put somebody up to something incitar a alguien a hacer algo

to put something out to contract subcontratar algo

to put something to good use hacer buen uso de algo

to put the blame on somebody echar la culpa a alguien

to put two and two together atar cabos

to put something up for sale poner algo en venta

to stay put quedarse quieto,-a

put ['pʊt] v, put ; putting vt

1) place: poner, colocar

put it on the table: ponlo en la mesa

2) insert: meter

3) (indicating causation of a state or feeling) : poner

it put her in a good mood: la puso de buen humor

to put into effect: poner en práctica

4) impose: imponer

they put a tax on it: lo gravaron con un impuesto

5) subject: someter, poner

to put to the test: poner a prueba

to put to death: ejecutar

6) express: expresar, decir

he put it simply: lo dijo sencillamente

7) apply: aplicar

to put one's mind to something: proponerse hacer algo

8) set: poner

I put him to work: lo puse a trabajar

9) attach: dar

to put a high value on: dar gran valor a

10) present: presentar, exponer

to put a question to someone: hacer una pregunta a alguien

put vi

1)

to put to sea : hacerse a la mar

2)

to put up with : aguantar, soportar

put

adj.

• puesto, -a adj.

pret., p.p.

(Preterito definido y participio pasivo de "to put")

• colocar v.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: put) = lanzar v.

• meter v.

• poner v.

(§pres: pongo, pones...) pret: pus-

pp: puesto

fut/c: pondr-•)

• situar v.

pʊt
1.

1) (pres p putting; past & past p put) transitive verb

Sense I

2)

a) ( place) poner*; (with care, precision etc) colocar*, poner*; ( inside something) meter, poner*

to put something in the oven — poner* or meter algo en el horno

did you put salt in it? — ¿le pusiste or le echaste sal?

he put it in his mouth — se lo puso en la boca

I put myself on the list — me apunté or me puse en la lista

put yourself in my place — ponte en mi lugar

she put the bottle to her lips — se llevó la botella a los labios

I put her on the train — la acompañé hasta el tren

not to know where to put oneself o (AmE also) one's face (colloq) — no saber* dónde ponerse or meterse

to put something behind one — olvidar or superar algo

b) (install, fit) poner*

we put a shower in the bathroom — pusimos una ducha en el baño

3)

a) ( thrust)

he put his arms around her — la abrazó

she put her head around the door/out of the window — asomó la cabeza por la puerta/por la ventana

b) (send, propel)

he put the ball into the net — lanzó la pelota a la red

c) ( Sport)

to put the shot — lanzar* el peso

4)

a) ( rank) poner*

she puts herself first — se pone ella primero or en primer lugar

to put something above/before something: I put honesty above all other virtues para mí la honestidad está por encima de todas las demás virtudes or por encima de todo; he puts his art before everything else — antepone su arte a todo

b) (in competition, league)

this victory puts them in o into the lead — con esta victoria pasan a ocupar la delantera

c) ( estimate)

he puts the cost somewhat higher — calcula que el costo sería algo mayor

to put something at something: I'd put the figure at closer to $40,000 — yo diría que la cifra es más cercana a los 40.000 dólares

Sense II

5) ( cause to be) poner*

the doctor put me on a diet — el doctor me puso a régimen

it's not easy to put it into English — no es fácil traducirlo al inglés

to put something to good use — \<\<time/ability/object\>\> hacer* buen uso de algo

6) (make undergo, cause to do)

to put somebody to something: I don't want to put you to any trouble no quiero causarle ninguna molestia; I put her to work — la puse a trabajar; death, shame I 1), test I 1) b) etc

Sense III

7)

a) (attribute, assign)

to put something on something: I couldn't put a price on it no sabría decir cuánto vale; I put a high value on our friendship — valoro mucho nuestra amistad

b) ( impose)

to put something on something/somebody: they put a special duty on these goods gravaron estos artículos con un impuesto especial; to put the blame on somebody echarle la culpa a algn, culpar a algn; it put a great strain on their relationship — eso sometió su relación a una gran tensión

8)

a) (instill, infect)

to put something in(to) something: who put that idea into your head? — ¿quién te metió esa idea en la cabeza?

b) ( cause to have)

to put something in(to) something: the fresh air put some color into his cheeks — el aire fresco les dio un poco de color a sus mejillas

9)

a) ( invest)

to put something into something — \<\<money\>\> invertir* algo en algo

I've put a lot of time into it — le he dedicado mucho tiempo

she had put a lot of thought into it — lo había pensado mucho

b) (bet, stake)

to put something on something — \<\<money\>\> apostar* or jugarse* algo a algo

c) ( contribute)

to put something toward something — contribuir* con algo a algo, poner* algo para algo

10) (fix, repose)

to put something in something/somebody: I put my trust in you puse or (liter) deposité mi confianza en ti; I don't put much faith in conventional medicine — no le tengo mucha fe a la medicina convencional

Sense IV

11) ( present) \<\<views/case\>\> exponer*, presentar; \<\<proposal\>\> presentar

to put something to somebody: to put a question to somebody hacerle* una pregunta a algn; the employers' offer will be put to a mass meeting la oferta de la patronal será sometida a votación en una asamblea; I put it to you that... — (frml) mi opinión es que...

12) (write, indicate, mark) poner*

what shall I put? — ¿qué pongo?

she put a line through the word — tachó la palabra

13) ( express) decir*

how shall I put it? — cómo te diría?

(let me) put it this way: I wouldn't invite him again — te digo lo siguiente: no lo volvería a invitar

to put something well/badly — expresar algo bien/mal

2.

put vi ( Naut)

to put to sea — hacerse* a la mar, zarpar

Phrasal Verbs:

- put about

- put across

- put aside

- put away

- put back

- put by

- put down

- put forward

- put in

- put off

- put on

- put out

- put over

- put past

- put through

- put together

- put under

- put up

- put up to

- put up with

[pʊt] (pt, pp put)
1. TRANSITIVE VERB
For set combinations consisting of put + noun, eg put a price on, put a strain on, put an end to, put at risk, put out of business, put in touch with look up the noun. For put + adverb/preposition combinations, see also phrasal verbs.
1) (=place, thrust)

a) (physically) poner; (with precision) colocar; (=insert) meter, introducir more frm; (=leave) dejar

• I put a serviette by each plate — puse or coloqué una servilleta junto a cada plato

• put it in the drawer — ponlo en el cajón

she put the chairs in a circle — puso or colocó las sillas en círculo

shall I put milk in your coffee? — ¿te pongo leche en el café?

you haven't put any salt in it — no le has puesto nada de sal

to put an advertisement in the paper — poner un anuncio en el periódico

he put a coin in the slot — puso or metió or more frm introdujo una moneda en la ranura

he put the letter in his pocket — se metió la carta en el bolsillo

he put the ball in the net — metió el balón en la red

to put sb in a home — ingresar a algn en una residencia

you should put your money in a bank — deberías poner or more frm depositar el dinero en un banco

• I put a sheet of paper into the typewriter — puse or coloqué una hoja de papel en la máquina de escribir

I put my hand into the sack — metí la mano en el saco

• he put his keys on the table — puso or dejó las llaves en la mesa

I put some more coal on the fire — puse or eché más carbón en el fuego

she put her head on my shoulder — apoyó or recostó la cabeza en mi hombro

my brother put me on the train — mi hermano me dejó en el tren

to put a button on a shirt — coser un botón en una camisa

• she put her head out of the window — asomó la cabeza por la ventana

• he put his hand over his mouth — se tapó la boca con la mano, se puso la mano en la boca

• he put his head round the door — asomó la cabeza por la puerta

• put it there! * — (handshake) ¡chócala! *

• I put my fist through the window — rompí la ventana con el puño

she put a bullet through his head — le metió una bala por la cabeza

• he put the shell to his ear — se puso or se acercó la concha al oído

- put yourself in my place

- I didn't know where to put myself
bed 1., 1), flight II, stay I, 1., 1), a)
b) (with abstract nouns)
Some put + noun combinations require a more specific Spanish verb. For very set combinations look up the noun.
• the syllabus puts a lot of emphasis on languages — el programa (de estudios) hace or pone mucho énfasis en los idiomas

• I wouldn't put any faith in what he says — yo no creería lo que dice, yo no tendría ninguna confianza en lo que dice

• you can put that idea out of your head — ya te puedes quitar esa idea de la cabeza

• this puts the responsibility on drivers to be aware of the law — esto responsabiliza a los conductores de estar enterados de la ley
blame 1., figure 1., 6), trust 1., 1), tax 1., 1)
2) (=cause to be) poner

• to put sb in a good/bad mood — poner a algn de buen/mal humor

this puts me in a very awkward position — esto me pone or deja en una situación muy difícil

his win today puts him in second place overall — la victoria de hoy le pone or coloca en segunda posición en la clasificación general

to put sb in charge of sth — poner a algn a cargo de algo

• to put sb on a diet — poner a algn a dieta or a régimen

the doctor has put me on antibiotics — el doctor me ha recetado antibióticos

3) (=cause to undertake)

• to put sb to sth: it put us to a lot of extra expense — nos supuso muchos gastos adicionales

• I don't want to put you to any trouble — no quiero causarte ninguna molestia

• she put him to work immediately — lo puso a trabajar en seguida

4) (=express) decir

I don't quite know how to put this — la verdad, no sé cómo decir esto

you can put all that in two words — todo eso se puede decir en dos palabras

• as Shakespeare puts it — como dice Shakespeare

• to put it bluntly — para decirlo claramente, hablando en plata *

• I find it hard to put into words — me resulta difícil expresarlo con palabras

to put sth into French — traducir algo al francés

• how shall I put it? — ¿cómo lo diría?

let me put it this way... — digámoslo de esta manera..., por decirlo de alguna manera...

to put it another way, it'll save you three hours — por decirlo de otra manera, te ahorrará tres horas

try putting it another way — trata de decirlo de otra manera

• to put it simply — para decirlo sencillamente

5) (=write) poner, escribir

what do you want me to put? — ¿qué quieres que ponga or escriba?

put your name at the top of the paper — ponga or escriba su nombre en la parte superior del papel

put the title in capital letters — pon or escribe el título en letras mayúsculas

to put sth in writing — poner algo por escrito

• I've put you on the waiting list — le he puesto en la lista de espera

put it on my account — (Comm) cárguelo a mi cuenta

• he put a line through the offending paragraph — tachó el párrafo controvertido

• to put one's signature to sth — firmar algo

6) (=invest) invertir

• to put money into a company — invertir dinero en una compañía

he put all his savings into the project — invirtió todos sus ahorros en el proyecto

I put most of the money into shares — invertí la mayor parte del dinero en acciones

I've put a lot of time and effort into this — he invertido un montón de tiempo y esfuerzo en esto, le he dedicado a esto mucho tiempo y esfuerzo

she has put a lot into the relationship — se ha esforzado mucho en su relación

"I'm not getting much out of this course" - "well, you're not putting much into it, are you?" — -no estoy sacando mucho de este curso -tampoco es que te estés esforzando mucho, ¿no?

7) (=contribute)

• to put sth towards sth — contribuir (con) algo hacia algo

I'll pay for the bike but you'll have to put something towards it — yo pagaré la bici pero tú tienes que contribuir con algo

I'm going to put the money towards a holiday — voy a poner or guardar el dinero para unas vacaciones

8) (=expound, submit) [+ views] expresar, exponer

this will give people an opportunity to put their views — esto dará a la gente la oportunidad de expresar or exponer sus puntos de vista

he puts the case for a change in the law — plantea or expone argumentos a favor de un cambio en la ley

she puts a convincing case — presenta or da argumentos convincentes

• the proposal was put before Parliament — la propuesta se presentó ante el parlamento

• to put sth to sb, how will you put it to him? — ¿cómo se lo vas a decir or comunicar?

put it to him gently — díselo suavemente

I put it to you that... — les sugiero que...

to put a question to sb — hacer una pregunta a algn

the chairman put the proposal to the committee — el presidente sometió la propuesta a votación en el comité

we shall have to put it to our members — tendremos que someterlo a la votación de nuestros miembros

9) (=estimate)

• they put the loss at around £50,000 — calcularon or valoraron las pérdidas en unas 50.000 libras

his fortune is put at 3 billion — se calcula or valora su fortuna en 3 billones

the number of dead was put at 6,000 — se calculó or estimó el número de muertos en 6.000

I would put him at 40 — diría que tiene unos 40 años

• some put the figure as high as 20,000 — algunos estiman que la cifra llega hasta 20.000

10) (=rank)

• he put himself above the law — creía estar por encima de la ley

• I wouldn't put him among the greatest poets — yo no le pondría entre los más grandes poetas

• we should never put money before happiness — no deberíamos nunca anteponer el dinero a la felicidad

I put the needs of my children before anything else — para mí las necesidades de mis hijos van por delante de todo lo demás or son más importantes que todo lo demás

• she has always put her career first — para ella su carrera siempre ha sido lo primero

11) (=set)

• she put my brother against me — puso a mi hermano en contra mía

• to put a watch to the right time — poner un reloj en hora

to put the words to music — poner música a la letra

12) (=throw)

• to put the shot — (Sport) lanzar el peso

13) (St Ex) (=offer to sell) [+ stock, security] declararse vendedor de

14) (=bet)
see put on
2.

INTRANSITIVE VERB
(Naut)
• to put into port — entrar a puerto

the ship put into Southampton — el barco entró a or en Southampton

• to put to sea — hacerse a la mar

3.

COMPOUND

put option N — (St Ex) opción f de venta a precio fijado

- put about

- put across

- put aside

- put away

- put back

- put back on

- put behind

- put by

- put down

- put down as

- put down to

- put forth

- put forward

- put in

- put in for

- put off

- put on

- put onto

- put out

- put over

- put through

- put together

- put up

- put upon

- put up to

- put up with

* * *
[pʊt]
1.

1) (pres p putting; past & past p put) transitive verb

Sense I

2)

a) ( place) poner*; (with care, precision etc) colocar*, poner*; ( inside something) meter, poner*

to put something in the oven — poner* or meter algo en el horno

did you put salt in it? — ¿le pusiste or le echaste sal?

he put it in his mouth — se lo puso en la boca

I put myself on the list — me apunté or me puse en la lista

put yourself in my place — ponte en mi lugar

she put the bottle to her lips — se llevó la botella a los labios

I put her on the train — la acompañé hasta el tren

not to know where to put oneself o (AmE also) one's face (colloq) — no saber* dónde ponerse or meterse

to put something behind one — olvidar or superar algo

b) (install, fit) poner*

we put a shower in the bathroom — pusimos una ducha en el baño

3)

a) ( thrust)

he put his arms around her — la abrazó

she put her head around the door/out of the window — asomó la cabeza por la puerta/por la ventana

b) (send, propel)

he put the ball into the net — lanzó la pelota a la red

c) ( Sport)

to put the shot — lanzar* el peso

4)

a) ( rank) poner*

she puts herself first — se pone ella primero or en primer lugar

to put something above/before something: I put honesty above all other virtues para mí la honestidad está por encima de todas las demás virtudes or por encima de todo; he puts his art before everything else — antepone su arte a todo

b) (in competition, league)

this victory puts them in o into the lead — con esta victoria pasan a ocupar la delantera

c) ( estimate)

he puts the cost somewhat higher — calcula que el costo sería algo mayor

to put something at something: I'd put the figure at closer to $40,000 — yo diría que la cifra es más cercana a los 40.000 dólares

Sense II

5) ( cause to be) poner*

the doctor put me on a diet — el doctor me puso a régimen

it's not easy to put it into English — no es fácil traducirlo al inglés

to put something to good use — \<\<time/ability/object\>\> hacer* buen uso de algo

6) (make undergo, cause to do)

to put somebody to something: I don't want to put you to any trouble no quiero causarle ninguna molestia; I put her to work — la puse a trabajar; death, shame I 1), test I 1) b) etc

Sense III

7)

a) (attribute, assign)

to put something on something: I couldn't put a price on it no sabría decir cuánto vale; I put a high value on our friendship — valoro mucho nuestra amistad

b) ( impose)

to put something on something/somebody: they put a special duty on these goods gravaron estos artículos con un impuesto especial; to put the blame on somebody echarle la culpa a algn, culpar a algn; it put a great strain on their relationship — eso sometió su relación a una gran tensión

8)

a) (instill, infect)

to put something in(to) something: who put that idea into your head? — ¿quién te metió esa idea en la cabeza?

b) ( cause to have)

to put something in(to) something: the fresh air put some color into his cheeks — el aire fresco les dio un poco de color a sus mejillas

9)

a) ( invest)

to put something into something — \<\<money\>\> invertir* algo en algo

I've put a lot of time into it — le he dedicado mucho tiempo

she had put a lot of thought into it — lo había pensado mucho

b) (bet, stake)

to put something on something — \<\<money\>\> apostar* or jugarse* algo a algo

c) ( contribute)

to put something toward something — contribuir* con algo a algo, poner* algo para algo

10) (fix, repose)

to put something in something/somebody: I put my trust in you puse or (liter) deposité mi confianza en ti; I don't put much faith in conventional medicine — no le tengo mucha fe a la medicina convencional

Sense IV

11) ( present) \<\<views/case\>\> exponer*, presentar; \<\<proposal\>\> presentar

to put something to somebody: to put a question to somebody hacerle* una pregunta a algn; the employers' offer will be put to a mass meeting la oferta de la patronal será sometida a votación en una asamblea; I put it to you that... — (frml) mi opinión es que...

12) (write, indicate, mark) poner*

what shall I put? — ¿qué pongo?

she put a line through the word — tachó la palabra

13) ( express) decir*

how shall I put it? — cómo te diría?

(let me) put it this way: I wouldn't invite him again — te digo lo siguiente: no lo volvería a invitar

to put something well/badly — expresar algo bien/mal

2.

put vi ( Naut)

to put to sea — hacerse* a la mar, zarpar

Phrasal Verbs:

- put about

- put across

- put aside

- put away

- put back

- put by

- put down

- put forward

- put in

- put off

- put on

- put out

- put over

- put past

- put through

- put together

- put under

- put up

- put up to

- put up with

English-spanish dictionary > put
13 time

time ⇒ Time units, The clock

A n

1 ( continuum) temps m ; time and space le temps et l'espace ; in ou with time, in the course of time avec le temps ; as time goes/went by avec le temps ; at this point in time à l'heure qu'il est ; for all time à jamais ; the biggest drugs haul of all time la plus importante saisie de drogue de tous les temps ;

2 ( specific duration) temps m ; most of the time la plupart du temps ; he was ill for some of the time il a été malade pendant une partie du temps ; she talked (for) some of the time, but most of the time she was silent elle a parlé par moments, mais pendant la plupart du temps elle a gardé le silence ; all the time tout le temps ; I was waiting for you here all the time je t'attendais ici pendant tout ce temps-là ; she was lying all the time elle mentait depuis le début ; you've got all the time in the world, you've got plenty of time tu as tout ton temps ; to find/have/take the time to do trouver/avoir/prendre le temps de faire ; to spend one's time doing passer son temps à faire ; to take one's time prendre son temps ; take your time over it! prends ton temps! ; writing a novel takes time, it takes time to write a novel il faut du temps pour écrire un roman ; do I have (enough) time to go to the shops? est-ce que j'ai le temps d'aller aux magasins? ; half the time he isn't even listening la moitié du temps il n'écoute même pas ; some time before/after quelque temps avant/après ; that's the best film I've seen for a long time c'est le meilleur film que j'aie vu depuis longtemps ; he has been gone for a long time cela fait longtemps or un bon moment qu'il est parti ; it'll be a long time before I go back there! je n'y retournerai pas de sitôt! ; you took a long time!, what a (long) time you've been! tu en a mis du temps! ; we had to wait for a long time nous avons dû attendre longtemps ; I've been living in this country for a long time j'habite dans ce pays depuis longtemps, cela fait longtemps que j'habite dans ce pays ; it takes a long time for the car to start la voiture met du temps à démarrer ; she would regret this for a long time to come elle allait le regretter pendant longtemps ; a long time ago il y a longtemps ; a short time ago il y a peu de temps ; some time ago il y a un moment, il y a quelque temps ; we haven't heard from her for some time ça fait un moment qu'on n'a pas eu de ses nouvelles ; it continued for some (considerable) time ça a continué pendant un bon moment or pendant pas mal de temps ; it won't happen for some time yet ça ne se produira pas de sitôt or avant longtemps ; she did it in half the time it had taken her colleagues elle l'a fait en deux fois moins de temps que ses collègues ; in no time at all, in next to no time en moins de deux ; in five days'/weeks' time dans cinq jours/semaines ; within the agreed time dans les délais convenus ; in your own time ( at your own pace) à ton rythme ; ( outside working hours) en dehors des heures de travail ; on company time pendant les heures de bureau ; my time isn't my own je n'ai plus une minute à moi ; my time is my own je suis maître de mon temps ;

3 (hour of the day, night) heure f ; what time is it?, what's the time? quelle heure est-il? ; she looked at the time elle a regardé l'heure ; the time is 11 o'clock il est 11 heures ; 10 am French time 10 heures, heure française ; tomorrow, at the same time demain, à la même heure ; this time next week la semaine prochaine à la même heure ; this time next year l'année prochaine à la même date or époque ; this time last week/year il y a exactement huit jours/un an ; by this time next week/year d'ici huit jours/un an ; on time à l'heure ; the trains are running on ou to time les trains sont à l'heure ; the bus/train times les horaires mpl or les heures des bus/des trains ; the times of trains to Montreal les heures or les horaires des trains pour Montréal ; it's time to go! c'est l'heure de partir! ; it's time for school/bed c'est l'heure d'aller à l'école/au lit ; it's time for breakfast c'est l'heure du petit déjeuner ; it's time, your time is up c'est l'heure ; it's time we started/left il est temps de commencer/partir ; to lose time [clock] retarder ; that clock keeps good time cette horloge est toujours à l'heure ; about time too! ce n'est pas trop tôt! ; not before time! il était (or il est) grand temps! ; you're just in time for lunch/a drink tu arrives juste à temps pour déjeuner/boire quelque chose ; to arrive in good time arriver en avance ; to be in plenty of time ou in good time for the train être en avance pour prendre le train ; I want to have everything ready in time for Christmas je veux que tout soit prêt à temps pour Noël ; to be behind time avoir du retard ; twenty minutes ahead of time vingt minutes avant l'heure prévue ; six months ahead of time six mois avant la date prévue ;

4 (era, epoch) époque f ; in Victorian/Roman times à l'époque victorienne/romaine ; in Dickens' times du temps de Dickens ; at the time à l'époque ; at that time à cette époque, en ce temps-là ; time was ou there was a time when one could… à une certaine époque on pouvait… ; to be ahead of ou in advance of the times [person, invention] être en avance sur son époque ; to be behind the times être en retard sur son époque ; to keep up ou move with the times être à la page ; times are hard les temps sont durs ; those were difficult times c'étaient des temps difficiles ; in times past, in former times autrefois ; in happier times en un temps plus heureux, à une époque plus heureuse ; it's just like old times c'est comme au bon vieux temps ; in times of war/peace en temps de guerre/paix ; peace in our time la paix de notre vivant ; at my time of life à mon âge ; I've seen a few tragedies in my time j'en ai vu des drames dans ma vie ; she was a beautiful woman in her time c'était une très belle femme dans son temps ; it was before my time ( before my birth) je n'étais pas encore né ; ( before I came here) je n'étais pas encore ici ; if I had my time over again si je pouvais recommencer ma vie ; to die before one's time mourir prématurément ; to be nearing one's time† ( pregnant woman) approcher de son terme ;

5 ( moment) moment m ; at times par moments ; it's a good/bad time to do c'est le bon/mauvais moment pour faire ; the house was empty at the time la maison était vide à ce moment-là ; at the time I didn't notice à ce moment-là je ne l'avais pas remarqué ; at the right time au bon moment ; this is no time for jokes ce n'est pas le moment de plaisanter ; at all times à tout moment ; at any time à n'importe quel moment ; at any time of the day or night à n'importe quelle heure du jour ou de la nuit ; we're expecting him any time now il doit arriver d'un moment à l'autre ; at no time did I agree à aucun moment je n'ai accepté ; come any time you want viens quand tu veux ; the time has come for change/action l'heure est venue de changer/d'agir ; at times like these you need your friends dans ces moments-là on a besoin de ses amis ; by the time I finished the letter the post had gone le temps de finir ma lettre et le courrier était parti ; by the time she had got downstairs he had gone avant qu'elle n'arrive en bas il était déjà parti ; by this time most of them were dead la plupart d'entre eux étaient déjà morts ; some time this week dans la semaine ; some time next month dans le courant du mois prochain ; for the time being pour l'instant, pour le moment ; from that ou this time on à partir de ce moment ; from the time (that) I was 15 depuis l'âge de 15 ans ; there are times when il y a des moments où ; when the time comes le moment venu ; in times of danger dans les moments de danger ; in times of crisis/high inflation dans les périodes de crise/forte inflation ; no more than 12 people at any one time pas plus de 12 personnes à la fois ; until such time as he does the work jusqu'à ce qu'il fasse le travail ; at the same time en même temps ; I can't be in two places at the same time je ne peux pas être partout à la fois ; now's our time to act! c'est maintenant qu'il faut agir! ;

6 ( occasion) fois f ; nine times out of ten neuf fois sur dix ; three times a month trois fois par mois ; hundreds of times des centaines de fois ; the first/last/next time la première/dernière/prochaine fois ; time after time, time and time again maintes fois ; each ou every time that chaque fois que ; some other time perhaps une autre fois peut-être ; three at a time trois à la fois ; there were times when il y avait des fois où ; many's the time when I refused bien des fois j'ai refusé ; she passed her driving test first time round/third time round elle a eu son permis du premier coup/à la troisième fois ; do you remember the time when…? tu te rappelles quand…?, tu te rappelles la fois où…? ; from time to time de temps en temps ; 10 dollars a time 10 dollars le coup ; for months at a time pendant des mois entiers ; (in) between times entre-temps ;

7 ( experience) to have a tough ou hard time doing avoir du mal à faire ; they gave him a rough ou hard ou tough time of it ils lui en ont fait voir (de toutes les couleurs ○) ; he's having a rough ou hard ou tough time il traverse une période difficile ; I'm having a bad time at work en ce moment j'ai des problèmes au travail ; we had a good time on s'est bien amusé ; have a good time! amusez-vous bien! ; to have an easy time (of it) se la couler douce ○ ; the good/bad times les moments heureux/difficiles ; she enjoyed her time in Canada elle a beaucoup aimé son séjour au Canada ; during her time as ambassador pendant qu'elle était ambassadeur ;

8 Admin, Ind ( hourly rate) to work/be paid time travailler/être payé à l'heure ; to be paid time and a half être payé une fois et demie le tarif normal ; on Sundays we get paid double time le dimanche on est payé double ;

9 ( length of period) cooking time temps m de cuisson ; flight/journey time durée du vol/voyage ;

10 Mus mesure f ; to beat ou mark time battre la mesure ; to stay in ou keep time rester en mesure ; to be in/out of time être/ne pas être en mesure ; in waltz/march time sur un rythme de valse/marche ;

11 Sport temps m ; a fast time un bon temps ; in record time en (un) temps record ; to keep time chronométrer ;

12 Math, fig one times two is two une fois deux, deux ; three times four trois fois quatre ; ten times longer/stronger dix fois plus long/plus fort ; eight times as much huit fois autant.

B vtr

1 ( schedule) prévoir [attack] (for pour) ; prévoir, fixer [holiday, visit] (for pour) ; fixer [appointment, meeting] ; the demonstration is timed to coincide with the ceremony l'heure de la manifestation est prévue pour coïncider avec la cérémonie ; we time our trips to fit in with school holidays nous faisons coïncider nos voyages avec les vacances scolaires ; the bomb is timed to go off at midday la bombe est réglée pour exploser à midi ; to be well-/badly-timed être opportun/inopportun ; the announcement was perfectly timed la déclaration est tombée à point nommé ;

2 ( judge) calculer [blow, stroke, shot] ; to time a remark/joke choisir le moment pour faire une remarque/plaisanterie ;

3 (measure speed, duration) chronométrer [athlete, cyclist] ; mesurer la durée de [journey, speech] ; minuter la cuisson de [egg] ; to time sb over 100 metres chronométrer qn sur 100 mètres.

C v refl to time oneself se chronométrer.

Idioms

from time out of mind depuis la nuit des temps ; there is a time and place for everything il y a un temps pour tout ; there's always a first time il y a un début à tout ; there's a first time for everything il y a une première fois pour tout ; he'll tell you in his own good time il te le dira quand il en aura envie ; all in good time chaque chose en son temps ; only time will tell seul l'avenir nous le dira ; to pass the time of day with sb échanger quelques mots avec qn ; I wouldn't give him the time of day je ne lui dirais même pas bonjour ; to have time on one's hands ( for brief period) avoir du temps devant soi ; ( longer) avoir beaucoup de temps libre ; time hung heavy on his hands il trouvait le temps long ; to have a lot of time for sb apprécier beaucoup qn ; I've got a lot of time for people who work with the sick j'admire beaucoup les personnes qui soignent les malades ; I've got no time for pessimists/that sort of attitude je ne supporte pas les pessimistes/ce genre d'attitude ; to do time ○ ( prison) faire de la taule ○ ; to make time with sb ○ US ( chat up) draguer ○ qn ; ( have sex with) s'envoyer ○ qn ; give me France/Lauren Bacall every time! rien ne vaut la France/Lauren Bacall! ; long time no see ○ ! ça fait un bail ○ (qu'on ne s'est pas vu)! ; time please! GB ( in pub) on ferme!

Big English-French dictionary > time
14 run

1. present participle - running; verb
1) ((of a person or animal) to move quickly, faster than walking: He ran down the road.) correr

2) (to move smoothly: Trains run on rails.) circular; moverse

3) ((of water etc) to flow: Rivers run to the sea; The tap is running.) correr

4) ((of a machine etc) to work or operate: The engine is running; He ran the motor to see if it was working.) funcionar, estar en marcha

5) (to organize or manage: He runs the business very efficiently.) dirigir

6) (to race: Is your horse running this afternoon?) correr

7) ((of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly: The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.) circular

8) (to last or continue; to go on: The play ran for six weeks.) estar/permanecer en cartel; seguir vigente (un contrato); durar

9) (to own and use, especially of cars: He runs a Rolls Royce.) tener; conducir

10) ((of colour) to spread: When I washed my new dress the colour ran.) desteñir, correrse

11) (to drive (someone); to give (someone) a lift: He ran me to the station.) llevar

12) (to move (something): She ran her fingers through his hair; He ran his eyes over the letter.) pasar

13) ((in certain phrases) to be or become: The river ran dry; My blood ran cold (= I was afraid).) estar; volverse

2. noun
1) (the act of running: He went for a run before breakfast.) carrera

2) (a trip or drive: We went for a run in the country.) viaje; excursión; paseo, vuelta

3) (a length of time (for which something continues): He's had a run of bad luck.) racha, período, etapa

4) (a ladder (in a stocking etc): I've got a run in my tights.) carrera

5) (the free use (of a place): He gave me the run of his house.) (libre) uso

6) (in cricket, a batsman's act of running from one end of the wicket to the other, representing a single score: He scored/made 50 runs for his team.) carrera

7) (an enclosure or pen: a chicken-run.) terreno de pasto; corral, gallinero

•

- runner
- running
3. adverb
(one after another; continuously: We travelled for four days running.) seguido, consecutivo

- runny
- runaway
- rundown
- runner-up
- runway
- in
- out of the running
- on the run
- run across
- run after
- run aground
- run along
- run away
- run down
- run for
- run for it
- run in
- run into
- run its course
- run off
- run out
- run over
- run a temperature
- run through
- run to
- run up
- run wild

run¹ n carrera

I went for a run in the park fui a correr al parque

to be on the run haberse fugado de la justicia

run² vb

1. correr

he can run very fast corre muy rápido

I ran down the stairs bajé las escaleras corriendo

2. correr / ir por / discurrir

the path runs along the coast el sendero discurre junto a la costa

trains run on rails los trenes se mueven sobre raíles

3. correr

tears ran down her cheeks le corrían las lágrimas por las mejillas

he left the tap running dejó el grifo abierto

4. circular

this bus doesn't run on Sundays este autobús no circula los domingos

trains are running late los trenes circulan con retraso

5. funcionar

I can't hear if the engine is running no oigo si funciona el motor

6. llevar / dirigir

my father runs his own business mi padre dirige su propio negocio

El pasado de run es ran y el participio pasado es run; el gerundio se escribe running

run

tr[rʌn]

noun

1 carrera

2 (trip) viaje nombre masculino; (for pleasure) paseo

■ we went for a run in the car dimos una vuelta en el coche

3 (sequence) racha

■ I've had a run of bad luck he tenido una racha de mala suerte

4 (ski run) pista

5 (in stocking) carrera

6 (demand) gran demanda

■ there's been a run on olive oil ha habido una gran demanda de aceite de oliva

■ there was a run on the lira la lira sufrió una gran presión

7 SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL permanencia en cartel

■ the play closed after an eight-month run la obra dejó de representarse después de ocho meses en cartelera

8 (in cricket) carrera

■ he scored 50 runs marcó 50 carreras

9 (in printing) tirada

10 (at cards) escalera

intransitive verb (pt ran tr[ræn], pp run tr[rʌn], ger running)

1 (gen) correr

■ run faster! ¡corre más deprisa!

■ I ran up the hill subí corriendo la colina

2 (flow) correr

■ a stream runs through the garden corre un arroyo por el jardín

■ blood ran down his leg la sangre le corría por la pierna

■ don't leave the tap running no dejes el grifo abierto

■ your nose is running tienes mocos

3 (operate) funcionar

■ it runs on petrol funciona con gasolina

■ the engine's running el motor está en marcha

4 (trains, buses) circular

■ this train doesn't run on Sundays este tren no circula los domingos

■ buses run every half hour hay un autobús cada media hora

■ the buses are running late los autobuses llevan retraso

5 (in election) presentarse

■ the general has decided not to run for president el general ha decidido no presentarse como candidato para la presidencia

6 (play) estar en cartel; (contract etc) seguir vigente

■ this play ran for four years on Broadway esta obra estuvo en cartel durante cuatro años en Broadway

■ my contract runs until October mi contrato sigue vigente hasta octubre

7 (colour) correrse

■ I washed it and the colours ran lo lavé y se destiñó, lo lavé y los colores se corrieron

transitive verb

1 (gen) correr

■ I ran more than a mile corrí más de una milla

2 (race) correr en, participar en

■ she ran the 100 metres hurdles corrió en la carrera de los cien metros vallas

3 (take by car) llevar, acompañar

■ could you run me to school? ¿me podrías acompañar al colegio en coche?

4 (manage) llevar, dirigir, regentar

■ she runs a café near the cinema lleva una cafetería cerca del cine

5 (organize) organizar, montar

■ we're running a competition organizamos una competición

6 (operate) hacer funcionar

7 (pass, submit to) pasar

■ he ran his fingers through her hair pasó sus dedos por su cabello

■ I ran my eye over the names eché un vistazo a los nombres

■ have you run this data through the computer? ¿has pasado estos datos por el ordenador?

■ we'll run a check on it lo comprobaremos

■ they ran several tests on me me sometieron a varias pruebas

8 (publish) publicar

■ they ran a series of articles on wine publicaron una serie de artículos sobre el vino

9 (water) dejar correr

■ run the tap until the water gets hot deja correr al agua hasta que salga caliente

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

in the long run a la larga

to be on the run haber fugado, haber huido

to break into a run echarse a correr

to go for a run ir a correr

to have the run of something tener algo a su entera disposición

to run in the family venir de familia

to run short of something ir mal de algo

■ we're running short of money se nos está acabando el dinero

a run for one's money

■ he's had a good run for his money no le ha ido mal, no se puede quejar

■ she won the match, but I gave her a run for her money ella ganó el partido, pero la hice trabajar

run ['rʌn] v, ran ['ræn] ; run ; running vi

1) : correr

she ran to catch the bus: corrió para alcanzar el autobús

run and fetch the doctor: corre a buscar al médico

2) : circular, correr

the train runs between Detroit and Chicago: el tren circula entre Detroit y Chicago

to run on time: ser puntual

3) function: funcionar, ir

the engine runs on gasoline: el motor funciona con gasolina

to run smoothly: ir bien

4) flow: correr, ir

5) last: durar

the movie runs for two hours: la película dura dos horas

the contract runs for three years: el contrato es válido por tres años

6) : desteñir, despintar (dícese de los colores)

7) extend: correr, extenderse

8)

to run for office : postularse, presentarse

run vt

1) : correr

to run 10 miles: correr 10 millas

to run errands: hacer los mandados

to run out of town: hacer salir del pueblo

2) pass: pasar

3) drive: llevar en coche

4) operate: hacer funcionar (un motor, etc.)

5) : echar

to run water: echar agua

6) manage: dirigir, llevar (un negocio, etc.)

7) extend: tender (un cable, etc.)

8)

to run a risk : correr un riesgo

run n

1) : carrera f

at a run: a la carrera, corriendo

to go for a run: ir a correr

2) trip: vuelta f, paseo m (en coche), viaje m (en avión)

3) series: serie f

a run of disappointments: una serie de desilusiones

in the long run: a la larga

in the short run: a corto plazo

4) demand: gran demanda f

a run on the banks: una corrida bancaria

5) (used for theatrical productions and films)

to have a long run: mantenerse mucho tiempo en la cartelera

6) type: tipo m

the average run of students: el tipo más común de estudiante

7) : carrera f (en béisbol)

8) : carrera f (en una media)

9)

to have the run of : tener libre acceso de (una casa, etc.)

10)

ski run : pista f (de esquí)

run (Slope)

n.

• corrimiento s.m.

p.p.

(Participio pasivo de "to run") (a program)

v.

• ejecutar (un programa) v. (As a machine)

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: ran, run) = andar v.

(§pret: anduv-)

• marchar v. (In an election, US)

v.

• presentarse (E lección) (•Gobierno•) v.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: ran, run) = acorrer v.

• correr v.

• dirigir v.

• explotar v.

• funcionar v.

• gobernar v.

I
1. rʌn
1) (pres p running; past ran; past p run) intransitive verb

Sense I

2) correr

I had to run for the train — tuve que correr para no perder el tren

he ran downstairs/indoors — bajó/entró corriendo

run for your lives! — sálvese quien pueda!

3) (colloq) ( drive) ir* ( en coche)

I run down/over/up to Birmingham most weekends — la mayoría de los fines de semana voy a Birmingham

4)

a) (go)

the truck ran into the ditch/over the cliff — el camión cayó en la cuneta/se despeñó por el acantilado

the wagons run on tracks — los vagones corren sobre rieles

b) ( Transp)

the trains run every half hour — hay trenes cada media hora

this service runs only on Saturdays — este servicio funciona solamente los sábados

5)

a) ( flow) \<\<water/oil\>\> correr; ( drip) gotear

the water ran hot/cold — empezó a salir agua caliente/fría

the river runs through the town/into the sea — el río pasa por la ciudad/desemboca en el mar

she left the water/faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap running — dejó la llave abierta (AmL) or (Esp) el grifo abierto or (RPl) la canilla abierta or (Per) el caño abierto

my nose is running — me gotea la nariz

b) ( pass) pasar

the rope runs over this pulley — la cuerda pasa por esta polea

6) ( travel)

our thoughts were running along o on the same lines — nuestros pensamientos iban por el mismo camino

a shiver ran down my spine — me dio un escalofrío

7) ( Pol) \<\<candidate\>\> presentarse, postularse (AmL)

he is running for Governor again — se va a volver a presentar or (AmL tb) a postular como candidato a Gobernador

she'll be running against two other candidates — se enfrentará a otros dos candidatos

Sense II

8) (operate, function)

with the engine running — con el motor encendido or en marcha or (AmL tb) prendido

it runs off batteries/on gas — funciona con pilas or a pila(s)/a gas

the talks have been running smoothly — las conversaciones han marchado sobre ruedas

the work is running six months behind schedule — el trabajo lleva seis meses de retraso

Sense III

9) ( extend)

a) ( in space)

the streets run parallel to each other — las calles corren paralelas

the path runs across the field/around the lake — el sendero atraviesa el campo/bordea el lago

this idea runs through the whole book — esta idea se repite or está presente a lo largo del libro

b) ( in time)

the film runs for 95 minutes — la película dura 95 minutos

the show will run for 10 weeks — el espectáculo estará en cartel 10 semanas

the contract runs for a year — el contrato es válido por un año or vence al cabo de un año

10)

a) (be, stand)

feelings are running high — los ánimos están caldeados

inflation is running at 4% — la tasa de inflación es del 4%

it runs in the family — es de familia, le (or me etc) viene de familia; water I 3) a)

b) ( become)

stocks are running low — se están agotando las existencias; see also dry I 1) c), short II 2)

to run to something: to run to fat — echar carnes (fam); see also seed I 1) b)

11) (of stories, sequences) decir*

how did that line run? — ¿cómo decía or era esa línea?

the argument runs as follows — el argumento es el siguiente

12) (melt, merge) \<\<butter/cheese/icing\>\> derretirse*; \<\<paint/makeup\>\> correrse; \<\<color\>\> desteñir*, despintarse (Méx)

13) \<\<stockings\>\> hacerse* carreras, correrse (AmL)

2.

1) vt

Sense I

2)

a) \<\<race/marathon\>\> correr, tomar parte en

b) ( chase)

the Green candidate ran them a close third — el candidato de los verdes quedó en tercer lugar a muy poca distancia de ellos

they were run out of town — los hicieron salir del pueblo, los corrieron del pueblo (AmL fam)

3)

a) (push, move) pasar

he ran his fingers through his beard — se mesaba la barba

she ran her finger down the list — recorrió la lista con el dedo

run a comb through your hair — pásate un peine (por el pelo)

b) ( drive) \<\<person\>\> (colloq) llevar ( en coche)

he ran the truck into the ditch — se metió con el camión en la cuneta

4) ( cause to flow)

to run a bath — preparar un baño

to run something under the tap — (BrE) hacer* correr agua sobre algo

5)

a) ( extend) \<\<cable/wire\>\> tender*

b) ( pass) (hacer*) pasar

6)

a) ( smuggle) \<\<guns\>\> contrabandear, pasar (de contrabando)

b) ( get past) \<\<blockade\>\> burlar

to run a (red) light — (AmE) saltarse un semáforo (en rojo), pasarse un alto (Méx)

Sense II

7) ( operate) \<\<engine\>\> hacer* funcionar; \<\<program\>\> ( Comput) pasar, ejecutar

8) ( manage) \<\<business/organization/department\>\> dirigir*, llevar

the state-run television network — la cadena de televisión estatal or del Estado

who's running this business? — ¿aquí quién es el que manda?

he runs the financial side of the business — se encarga or se ocupa del aspecto financiero del negocio

9)

a) ( Transp) \<\<flight\>\> tener*

we run regular buses to the airport — tenemos un servicio regular de autobuses al aeropuerto

they run extra trains on Saturdays — los sábados ponen más trenes

b) ( maintain) tener*

she runs her own car — ella tiene su propio coche

I can't afford to run a car — no puedo mantener un coche

it's very cheap to run — es muy económico

10) \<\<tests\>\> realizar*, llevar a cabo; \<\<classes/concerts\>\> organizar*; \<\<newspaper\>\> \<\<article\>\> publicar*; fever 1) a), risk I a), temperature b)

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- run about

- run across

- run after

- run along

- run around

- run at

- run away

- run away with

- run down

- run in

- run into

- run off

- run off with

- run on

- run out

- run out on

- run over

- run through

- run to

- run up

- run up against

II

noun

1) ( on foot)

she goes for a short run every day — todos los días sale a correr un poco

he does everything at a run — todo lo hace (deprisa y) corriendo or a la(s) carrera(s)

to break into a run — echar a correr

on the run: the children keep her on the run all day los niños la tienen todo el día en danza; after seven years on the run (from the law) después de estar siete años huyendo de la justicia; to give somebody a (good) run for her/his money hacerle* sudar tinta a algn; to have a good run for one's money: he was champion for six years, he had a good run for his money fue campeón durante seis años, no se puede quejar; to have the run of something tener* libre acceso a algo, tener* algo a su (or mi etc) entera disposición; to make a run for it — escaparse

2)

a) (trip, outing) vuelta f, paseo m ( en coche)

b) ( journey)

the outward run — el trayecto or viaje de ida

it's only a short/10-mile run — está muy cerca/sólo a 10 millas

3)

a) ( sequence)

a run of good/bad luck — una racha de buena/mala suerte, una buena/mala racha

b) ( period of time)

in the long run — a la larga

in the short run — a corto plazo

4) ( tendency) corriente f

in the normal run of events — normalmente, en el curso normal de los acontecimientos

5) ( heavy demand)

run ON something: there's been a run on these watches estos relojes han estado muy solicitados or han tenido mucha demanda; a run on sterling una fuerte presión sobre la libra; a run on the banks — una corrida bancaria, un pánico bancario

6) (Cin, Theat) temporada f

7) ( Publ) ( print run) tirada f

8)

a) ( track) pista f

ski run — pista de esquí

b) ( for animals) corral m

9) (in stocking, knitted garment) carrera f

10) (in baseball, cricket) carrera f

11) the runs pl ( diarrhea) (colloq) diarrea f, churrias fpl (Col fam)

[rʌn] (vb: pt ran) (pp run)
1. N

1) (=act of running) carrera f

• at a run — corriendo, a la carrera

to go at a steady run — correr a un paso regular

• to break into a run — echar a correr, empezar a correr

• to go for/ have a run before breakfast — (salir a) correr antes del desayuno

• to make a run for it — (=escape) darse a al fuga, huir; (=move quickly) echarse a correr

we shall have to make a run for it — tendremos que correr

• to be on the run — (from police) estar huido de la justicia, ser fugitivo

a prisoner on the run — un preso fugado

he's on the run from prison — (se) escapó or se fugó de la cárcel

he's on the run from his creditors — se está escapando de sus acreedores

to keep sb on the run — mantener a algn en constante actividad

we've got them on the run — (Mil etc) los hemos puesto en fuga; (fig) están casi vencidos

- give sb a run for their money

he's had a good run (for his money) * — (on sb's death) ha tenido una vida larga y bien aprovechada

2) (=outing in car etc) vuelta f, paseo m, excursión f

let's go for a run down to the coast — vamos a dar una vuelta por la costa

3) (=journey) viaje m; (Aer, Rail etc) (=route) ruta f, línea f

it's a short run in the car — es un breve viaje en coche

it's a 30-minute run by bus — en autobús se tarda 30 minutos

the Calais run — la ruta de Calais

the Plymouth-Santander run — la línea Plymouth-Santander, el servicio de Plymouth a Santander

the boat no longer does that run — el barco ya no hace esa ruta

4) (=sequence) serie f

• in the long run — a la larga

• a run of luck — una racha de suerte

a run of bad luck — una racha or temporada de mala suerte

• in the short run — a plazo corto

• a run of five wins — una racha de cinco victorias

5) (Theat, TV) temporada f

the play had a long run — la obra se mantuvo mucho tiempo en cartelera

when the London run was over — al terminarse la serie de representaciones en Londres

6) (=generality)

• the common run — lo común y corriente

• it stands out from the general run of books — destaca de la generalidad de los libros

7) (=trend)

• the run of the market — la tendencia del mercado

• they scored against the run of play — marcaron un gol cuando menos se podía esperar

8) (Comm, Econ) (=increased demand) gran demanda f

there was a run on sugar — el azúcar tenía mucha demanda

• a run on the banks — una gran demanda de fondos en los bancos

• a run on sterling — una gran demanda de libras esterlinas

9) (for animals) corral m

• ski run — pista f de esquí

10) (Cards) escalera f

11) (Cricket, Baseball) carrera f

to make or score a run — hacer or anotar(se) una carrera

See:

see cultural note CRICKET in cricket

12) (Publishing)

a run of 5,000 copies — una tirada de 5.000 ejemplares

13) (in tights) carrera f

14) (Mus) carrerilla f

15) (Aer etc) (=raid) ataque m

a bombing run — un bombardeo

16) (US) (Pol) (=bid for leadership) carrera f, campaña f

17) (=access, use)

• they gave us the run of their garden — nos dejaron usar su jardín

• to have the run of sb's house — tener el libre uso de la casa de algn

18)

to have the runs * — andar muy suelto *, tener cagalera **

2. VT

1) (gen) correr

she ran 20km — corrió 20km

to run the 100 metres — participar en or correr los 100 metros lisos

• let things run their course — (fig) deja que las cosas sigan su curso

• to run errands — hacer recados

• to run a horse — correr un caballo

• to run a race — participar en una carrera

the race is run over four km — la carrera se hace sobre una distancia de cuatro km

you ran a good race — corriste muy bien

- run sb close

- run it close or fine

- be run off one's feet
mile
2) (=take, drive)

• to run a boat ashore — varar una embarcación

• this will run you into debt — esto te endeudará

• I'll run you home — te llevo a casa

• to run a car into a lamppost — estrellar un coche contra un farol

• to run sb into town — llevar a algn (en coche) a la ciudad

the sheriff ran him out of town — el sheriff lo echó del pueblo

3) (=put, move)

• to run a comb through one's hair — peinarse rápidamente

• to run one's eye over a letter — echar un vistazo a una carta

• to run a fence round a field — poner una valla alrededor de un campo

• to run one's fingers through sb's hair — pasar los dedos por el pelo de algn

• let me run this idea past you — (US) a ver qué piensas de esta idea

• to run a pipe through a wall — pasar un tubo por una pared

• to run water into a bath — hacer correr agua en un baño, llenar un baño de agua

• to run one's words together — comerse las palabras, hablar atropelladamente

4) (=organize etc) [+ business, hotel etc] dirigir, llevar; [+ country] gobernar; [+ campaign, competition] organizar

she's the one who really runs everything — la que en realidad lo dirige todo es ella

• the school runs courses for foreign students — la escuela organiza cursos para estudiantes extranjeros

• to run the house for sb — llevar la casa a algn

a house which is easy to run — una casa de fácil manejo

• he wants to run my life — quiere organizarme la vida

• they ran a series of tests on the product — llevaron a cabo or efectuaron una serie de pruebas con el producto

5) (esp Brit) (=operate, use) [+ car] tener; [+ machine] hacer funcionar, hacer andar; [+ train] poner; (Comput) [+ programme] ejecutar

• to run a new bus service — poner en funcionamiento un nuevo servicio de autobuses

• we don't run a car — no tenemos coche

he runs two cars — tiene dos coches

the car is very cheap to run — el coche gasta muy poco or tiene muy pocos gastos de mantenimiento

• you can run this machine on gas — puedes hacer funcionar esta máquina a gas

• you can run it on or off the mains — funciona con corriente de la red

• they ran an extra train — pusieron un tren suplementario

6) (=enter in contest)

the liberals are not running anybody this time — esta vez los liberales no tienen candidato

• to run a candidate — presentar (un) candidato

• to run a horse — correr un caballo

7) (=publish) [+ report, story] publicar, imprimir

8) (=smuggle) [+ guns, whisky] pasar de contrabando

9) (=not stop for)

• to run a blockade — saltarse un bloqueo, burlar un bloqueo

• to run a stoplight — (US) saltarse un semáforo en rojo
gauntlet, risk, temperature
3. VI

1) (gen) correr; (in race) competir, correr, tomar parte; (=flee) huir

• to run across the road — cruzar la calle corriendo

• to run down the garden — correr por el jardín

• to run downstairs — bajar la escalera corriendo

• to run for a bus — correr tras el autobús

we shall have to run for it — (=move quickly) tendremos que correr; (=escape) habrá que darse a la fuga

to run for all one is worth, run like the devil — correr a todo correr

run for your lives! — ¡sálvese el que pueda!

• to run to help sb — correr al auxilio de algn

to run to meet sb — correr al encuentro de algn

• he ran up to me — se me acercó corriendo

he ran up the stairs — subió la escalera corriendo

- he's trying to run before he can walk

2) (of bus service etc)

the train runs between Glasgow and Edinburgh — el tren circula entre Glasgow y Edimburgo

the bus runs every 20 minutes — hay un autobús cada 20 minutos

there are no trains running to Toboso — no hay servicio de trenes a Toboso

steamers run daily between the two ports — hay servicio diario de vapores entre los dos puertos

that train does not run on Sundays — ese tren no circula los domingos

3) (Naut)

• to run aground — encallar

• to run before the wind — navegar con viento a popa

4) (=function) funcionar

• the car is not running well — el coche no funciona bien

• you mustn't leave the engine running — no se debe dejar el motor en marcha

• the lift isn't running — el ascensor no funciona

• it runs off the mains — funciona con corriente de la red

• it runs on petrol — funciona con gasolina, tiene motor de gasolina

• things did not run smoothly for them — (fig) las cosas no les fueron bien

5) (=extend)

a) (in time)

• the contract has two years left to run — al contrato le quedan dos años de duración

the contract ran for seven years — el contrato duró siete años

• it runs in the family — [characteristic] viene de familia; [disease] es algo genético

• the play ran for two years — la obra estuvo dos años en cartelera

the play ran for 200 performances — la obra tuvo 200 representaciones seguidas

• the programme ran for an extra ten minutes — el programa se prolongó diez minutos, el programa duró diez minutos de más

• the sentences will run concurrently — las condenas se cumplirán al mismo tiempo

• it runs through the whole history of art — afecta toda la historia del arte, se observa en toda la historia del arte

b) (in space)

• he has a scar running across his chest — tiene una cicatriz que le atraviesa el pecho

• the road runs along the river — la carretera va a lo largo del río

a fence runs along that side — hay una cerca por ese lado

• the road runs by our house — la carretera pasa delante de nuestra casa

• the path runs from our house to the station — el sendero va de nuestra casa a la estación

• this street runs into the square — esta calle desemboca en la plaza

• a balcony runs round the hall — una galería se extiende a lo largo del perímetro de la sala

the city has walls running right round it — la ciudad está completamente rodeada por una muralla

• the ivy runs up the wall — la hiedra trepa por la pared

6) (=flow) correr; (Med) [sore] supurar

• your bath is running — tienes el baño llenándose

• blood ran from the wound — la sangre manaba de la herida, la herida manaba sangre

• to run dry — [river, well] secarse; [resources] agotarse

• the milk ran all over the floor — la leche se derramó por todo el suelo

• money simply runs through his fingers — es un manirroto

• his nose was running — le moqueaba la nariz

• my pen runs — mi pluma gotea

• the river runs for 300 miles — el río corre 300 millas

the river runs into the sea — el río desemboca en el mar

• you left the tap running — dejaste abierto el grifo or (LAm) abierta la llave

• the tears ran down her cheeks — las lágrimas le corrían por las mejillas

• when the tide is running strongly — cuando sube la marea rápidamente

• the streets were running with water — el agua corría por las calles

we were running with sweat — chorreábamos (de) sudor

7) [colour] correrse, desteñirse

the colours have run — los colores se han corrido or desteñido

colours that will not run — colores que no (se) destiñen or que no se corren

8) (=melt) derretirse

my ice cream is running — mi helado se está derritiendo

9) (=go)

a rumour ran through the town — corrió la voz por la ciudad

a ripple of excitement ran through the crowd — una ola de entusiasmo hizo vibrar or estremeció a la multitud

that tune keeps running through my head — esa melodía la tengo metida en la cabeza

the thought ran through my head that... — se me ocurrió pensar que...
seed 1., 1), wild 2., 2)
10) (=be)

• the train is running late — el tren lleva retraso

I'm running a bit late — se me está haciendo un poco tarde

• the service usually runs on time — el servicio generalmente es puntual
high 2., low I, 1., 4)
11) (Pol) (=stand for election) presentarse como candidato(-a)

are you running? — ¿vas a presentar tu candidatura?

• to run against sb — medirse con algn, enfrentarse a algn

• to run for office — presentarse como candidato a un cargo

12) (=say)

so the story runs — así dice el cuento

the text runs like this — el texto dice así, el texto reza así

13) [stocking] hacerse una carrera

14) (Comput) ejecutarse

4.

CPD

run time N — tiempo m de ejecución

- run about

- run across

- run after

- run along

- run around

- run at

- run away

- run away with

- run back

- run down

- run in

- run into

- run off

- run off with

- run on

- run out

- run out of

- run out on

- run over

- run through

- run to

- run up

- run up against

* * *

I
1. [rʌn]
1) (pres p running; past ran; past p run) intransitive verb

Sense I

2) correr

I had to run for the train — tuve que correr para no perder el tren

he ran downstairs/indoors — bajó/entró corriendo

run for your lives! — sálvese quien pueda!

3) (colloq) ( drive) ir* ( en coche)

I run down/over/up to Birmingham most weekends — la mayoría de los fines de semana voy a Birmingham

4)

a) (go)

the truck ran into the ditch/over the cliff — el camión cayó en la cuneta/se despeñó por el acantilado

the wagons run on tracks — los vagones corren sobre rieles

b) ( Transp)

the trains run every half hour — hay trenes cada media hora

this service runs only on Saturdays — este servicio funciona solamente los sábados

5)

a) ( flow) \<\<water/oil\>\> correr; ( drip) gotear

the water ran hot/cold — empezó a salir agua caliente/fría

the river runs through the town/into the sea — el río pasa por la ciudad/desemboca en el mar

she left the water/faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap running — dejó la llave abierta (AmL) or (Esp) el grifo abierto or (RPl) la canilla abierta or (Per) el caño abierto

my nose is running — me gotea la nariz

b) ( pass) pasar

the rope runs over this pulley — la cuerda pasa por esta polea

6) ( travel)

our thoughts were running along o on the same lines — nuestros pensamientos iban por el mismo camino

a shiver ran down my spine — me dio un escalofrío

7) ( Pol) \<\<candidate\>\> presentarse, postularse (AmL)

he is running for Governor again — se va a volver a presentar or (AmL tb) a postular como candidato a Gobernador

she'll be running against two other candidates — se enfrentará a otros dos candidatos

Sense II

8) (operate, function)

with the engine running — con el motor encendido or en marcha or (AmL tb) prendido

it runs off batteries/on gas — funciona con pilas or a pila(s)/a gas

the talks have been running smoothly — las conversaciones han marchado sobre ruedas

the work is running six months behind schedule — el trabajo lleva seis meses de retraso

Sense III

9) ( extend)

a) ( in space)

the streets run parallel to each other — las calles corren paralelas

the path runs across the field/around the lake — el sendero atraviesa el campo/bordea el lago

this idea runs through the whole book — esta idea se repite or está presente a lo largo del libro

b) ( in time)

the film runs for 95 minutes — la película dura 95 minutos

the show will run for 10 weeks — el espectáculo estará en cartel 10 semanas

the contract runs for a year — el contrato es válido por un año or vence al cabo de un año

10)

a) (be, stand)

feelings are running high — los ánimos están caldeados

inflation is running at 4% — la tasa de inflación es del 4%

it runs in the family — es de familia, le (or me etc) viene de familia; water I 3) a)

b) ( become)

stocks are running low — se están agotando las existencias; see also dry I 1) c), short II 2)

to run to something: to run to fat — echar carnes (fam); see also seed I 1) b)

11) (of stories, sequences) decir*

how did that line run? — ¿cómo decía or era esa línea?

the argument runs as follows — el argumento es el siguiente

12) (melt, merge) \<\<butter/cheese/icing\>\> derretirse*; \<\<paint/makeup\>\> correrse; \<\<color\>\> desteñir*, despintarse (Méx)

13) \<\<stockings\>\> hacerse* carreras, correrse (AmL)

2.

1) vt

Sense I

2)

a) \<\<race/marathon\>\> correr, tomar parte en

b) ( chase)

the Green candidate ran them a close third — el candidato de los verdes quedó en tercer lugar a muy poca distancia de ellos

they were run out of town — los hicieron salir del pueblo, los corrieron del pueblo (AmL fam)

3)

a) (push, move) pasar

he ran his fingers through his beard — se mesaba la barba

she ran her finger down the list — recorrió la lista con el dedo

run a comb through your hair — pásate un peine (por el pelo)

b) ( drive) \<\<person\>\> (colloq) llevar ( en coche)

he ran the truck into the ditch — se metió con el camión en la cuneta

4) ( cause to flow)

to run a bath — preparar un baño

to run something under the tap — (BrE) hacer* correr agua sobre algo

5)

a) ( extend) \<\<cable/wire\>\> tender*

b) ( pass) (hacer*) pasar

6)

a) ( smuggle) \<\<guns\>\> contrabandear, pasar (de contrabando)

b) ( get past) \<\<blockade\>\> burlar

to run a (red) light — (AmE) saltarse un semáforo (en rojo), pasarse un alto (Méx)

Sense II

7) ( operate) \<\<engine\>\> hacer* funcionar; \<\<program\>\> ( Comput) pasar, ejecutar

8) ( manage) \<\<business/organization/department\>\> dirigir*, llevar

the state-run television network — la cadena de televisión estatal or del Estado

who's running this business? — ¿aquí quién es el que manda?

he runs the financial side of the business — se encarga or se ocupa del aspecto financiero del negocio

9)

a) ( Transp) \<\<flight\>\> tener*

we run regular buses to the airport — tenemos un servicio regular de autobuses al aeropuerto

they run extra trains on Saturdays — los sábados ponen más trenes

b) ( maintain) tener*

she runs her own car — ella tiene su propio coche

I can't afford to run a car — no puedo mantener un coche

it's very cheap to run — es muy económico

10) \<\<tests\>\> realizar*, llevar a cabo; \<\<classes/concerts\>\> organizar*; \<\<newspaper\>\> \<\<article\>\> publicar*; fever 1) a), risk I a), temperature b)

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- run about

- run across

- run after

- run along

- run around

- run at

- run away

- run away with

- run down

- run in

- run into

- run off

- run off with

- run on

- run out

- run out on

- run over

- run through

- run to

- run up

- run up against

II

noun

1) ( on foot)

she goes for a short run every day — todos los días sale a correr un poco

he does everything at a run — todo lo hace (deprisa y) corriendo or a la(s) carrera(s)

to break into a run — echar a correr

on the run: the children keep her on the run all day los niños la tienen todo el día en danza; after seven years on the run (from the law) después de estar siete años huyendo de la justicia; to give somebody a (good) run for her/his money hacerle* sudar tinta a algn; to have a good run for one's money: he was champion for six years, he had a good run for his money fue campeón durante seis años, no se puede quejar; to have the run of something tener* libre acceso a algo, tener* algo a su (or mi etc) entera disposición; to make a run for it — escaparse

2)

a) (trip, outing) vuelta f, paseo m ( en coche)

b) ( journey)

the outward run — el trayecto or viaje de ida

it's only a short/10-mile run — está muy cerca/sólo a 10 millas

3)

a) ( sequence)

a run of good/bad luck — una racha de buena/mala suerte, una buena/mala racha

b) ( period of time)

in the long run — a la larga

in the short run — a corto plazo

4) ( tendency) corriente f

in the normal run of events — normalmente, en el curso normal de los acontecimientos

5) ( heavy demand)

run ON something: there's been a run on these watches estos relojes han estado muy solicitados or han tenido mucha demanda; a run on sterling una fuerte presión sobre la libra; a run on the banks — una corrida bancaria, un pánico bancario

6) (Cin, Theat) temporada f

7) ( Publ) ( print run) tirada f

8)

a) ( track) pista f

ski run — pista de esquí

b) ( for animals) corral m

9) (in stocking, knitted garment) carrera f

10) (in baseball, cricket) carrera f

11) the runs pl ( diarrhea) (colloq) diarrea f, churrias fpl (Col fam)

English-spanish dictionary > run
15 be

'bi: ɡi:
( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingeniería

be vb

1. ser

Michael is very tall Michael es muy alto

Lisbon is the capital of Portugal Lisboa es la capital de Portugal

sugar is sweet el azúcar es dulce

Napoleon was Corsican Napoleón era corso

my father is an architect mi padre es arquitecto

my mother is from Bristol mi madre es de Bristol

what time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las tres

June 17th is Elena's birthday el 17 de junio es el cumpleaños de Elena

who is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo

this exercise is difficult este ejercicio es difícil

the house was built 50 years ago la casa fue construida hace 50 años

he was attacked by a dog le atacó un perro

2. estar

how are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bien

David is very happy David está muy contento

I'm tired estoy cansado

his wife's pregnant su mujer está embarazada

we were worried about you estábamos preocupados por ti

where is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?

the milk is on the table la leche está en la mesa

how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?

what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?

3. tener

how old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años

I'm cold tengo frío

she's hungry tiene hambre

you're right tienes razón

4. costar / valer / ser

how much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?

the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una

5. hacer

it's sunny hace sol

it's hot hace calor

it was cold hacía frío

6. haber

there are a lot of people hay mucha gente

how many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?

there was an explosion hubo una explosión

El pasado de be es was o were y el participio pasado es been; el gerundio se escribe being

Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentos

what are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?

I'm reading a magazine estoy leyendo una revista

look, it's snowing mira, está nevando

be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assert

be

tr[biː]

intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)

1 (permanent characteristic) ser

■ she's clever es inteligente

■ he's blind es ciego

■ I'm deaf soy sordo

2 (essential quality) ser

■ diamonds are hard los diamantes son duros

3 (nationality) ser

■ John's English John es inglés

■ they are Japanese son japoneses

4 (occupation) ser

■ he's an engineer es ingeniero

■ we are both teachers los dos somos profesores

5 (origin) ser

■ they are from York son de York

6 (ownership) ser

■ it's my pencil es mi lápiz

7 (authorship) ser

■ this painting is by Botero este cuadro es de Botero

8 (composition) ser

■ this cupboard is oak este armario es de roble

9 (use) ser

■ this product is for tiles este producto es para baldosas

10 (location) estar

■ Whitby is on the coast Whitby está en la costa

11 (temporary state) estar

■ your supper's cold tu cena está fría

■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?

■ you're a bit deaf today estás un poco sordo hoy

■ prawns are cheap today las gambas están bien de precio hoy

12 (age) tener

■ Philip is 22 Philip tiene 22 años

13 (price) costar, valer

■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.50

14 tener

■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío

■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed

■ she's in a hurry tiene prisa

■ he's right tiene razón

auxiliar be + pres part

1 (action in progress or near future) estar

■ it is raining está lloviendo

■ he's working está trabajando

■ the train is coming viene el tren

■ I am going on Thursday iré el jueves

■ she's meeting Mr Broddle tomorrow se reunirá con el señor Broddle mañana

auxiliar to be + past participle

1 (passive) ser

■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera

■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian

■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta

■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa

■ he was given a clock le dieron un reloj

■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos

■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro

auxiliar be + to + inf

1 (obligation) deber, tener que

■ you are not to come here again no debes volver aquí

■ you are to do as I say tienes que hacer lo que yo te diga

1 (future)

■ the King is to visit Egypt el Rey visitará Egipto

phrase there is / there are

1 hay

■ there's some wine in the bottle hay algo de vino en la botella

■ there are two policemen following us hay dos policías que nos siguen

■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?

1 había

■ there was no money no había dinero

■ there were twenty five candles on the cake había veinticinco velas en la tarta

■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?

phrase there will be

1 habrá

■ there will be snow in the mountains habrá nieve en las montañas

phrase there would be

1 habría

■ there would be time to see the castle habría tiempo para ver el castillo

■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + inf

■ the train is about to arrive el tren está a punto de llegar

to be or not to be ser o no ser

be ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] vi

1) (expressing equality) : ser

José is a doctor: José es doctor

I'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Ana

2) (expressing quality) : ser

the tree is tall: el árbol es alto

you're silly!: ¡eres tonto!

3) (expressing origin or possession) : ser

she's from Managua: es de Managua

it's mine: es mío

4) (expressing location) : estar

my mother is at home: mi madre está en casa

the cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesa

5) (expressing existence) : ser, existir

to be or not to be: ser, o no ser

I think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existo

6) (expressing a state of being) : estar, tener

how are you?: ¿cómo estás?

I'm cold: tengo frío

she's 10 years old: tiene 10 años

they're both sick: están enfermos los dos

be v impers

1) (indicating time) : ser

it's eight o'clock: son las ocho

it's Friday: hoy es viernes

2) (indicating a condition) : hacer, estar

it's sunny: hace sol

it's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuera

be v aux

1) (expressing progression) : estar

what are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajando

2) (expressing occurrence) : ser

it was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayer

it was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el horno

3) (expressing possibility) : poderse

can she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?

4) (expressing obligation) : deber

you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquí

he was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayer

be

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.

(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)

• ser v.

(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-

imp: er-

pret

fu-•)

biːˌ weak form bi
1.

1) (pres am, are, is; past was, were; past p been) intransitive verb [See notes at ser and estar]

Sense I

2)

a) (followed by an adjective)

she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente

he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso

he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego

he's short and fat — es bajo y gordo

he's so fat he can't get into his clothes any more — está tan gordo que ya no le cabe la ropa

these shoes are new — estos zapatos son nuevos

have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!

the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?

she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo

she's very rude — es muy grosera

be good — sé bueno

don't be silly! — no seas tonto!

b) ( talking about marital status)

Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero

to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien

we've been married for eight years — llevamos ocho años casados

3)

a) (followed by a noun) ser*

she's a lawyer — es abogada

he's a Catholic — es católico

she was Prime Minister for 11 years — fue Primera Ministra durante 11 años

who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?

it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel

if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría

b) ( play the role of) hacer* de

I was Juliet in the school play — hice de Julieta en la obra del colegio

4)

a) ( talking about mental and physical states)

how are you? — ¿cómo estás?

I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor

she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada

I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño

she has been ill — ha estado enferma

he's dead — está muerto

b) ( talking about age) tener*

how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?

I'm 31 — tengo 31 años

Paul was four last Monday — Paul cumplió cuatro años el lunes pasado

he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor

our house is over 100 years old — nuestra casa tiene más de 100 años

c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)

how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor

they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una

two plus two is four — dos más dos son cuatro

how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?

Jim's over six feet (tall) — Jim mide más de seis pies

Sense II

5)

a) (exist, live)

I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo

to be or not to be — ser o no ser

to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien

her husband-to-be — su futuro marido

b) ( in expressions of time)

don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)

I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy

how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?

c) ( take place) ser*

the party is tomorrow — la fiesta es mañana

6) (be situated, present) estar*

where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?

where are you? — ¿dónde estás?

what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?

who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?

he's here for two weeks — va a estar aquí dos semanas

how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?

7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*

I've never been to India — nunca he estado en la India

have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?

2.

v impers

1)

a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)

it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor

it's cloudy — está nublado

it was three degrees below zero — hacía tres grados bajo cero

it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!

I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...

b) ( in expressions of time) ser*

it's three o'clock — son las tres

it's one o'clock — es la una

it was still very early — todavía era muy temprano

it's Wednesday today — hoy es miércoles

hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)

c) ( talking about distance) estar*

it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí

2)

a) (introducing person, object) ser*

it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo

b) (in conditional use) ser*

if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado

3.

v aux

1) to be -ing

a) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + ger

what was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?

she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...

how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?

b) ( with future reference)

he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana

when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?

she'll be staying at the Plaza — se va a alojar en el Plaza

2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]

it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903

she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...

it is known that... — se sabe que...

3) to be to + inf

a) ( with future reference)

I'm to be met at the airport by Joe — Joe me irá a buscar al aeropuerto

the dessert is (still) to come — todavía falta el postre

if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...

b) ( expressing possibility)

what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?

he wasn't to know — no tenía cómo saberlo

it was nowhere to be found — no se lo pudo encontrar por ninguna parte

c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inf

tell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí

you are not to tell Carol! — no debes decírselo a Carol!

am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?

I'm not to be disturbed! — que nadie me moleste!

4) ( in hypotheses)

what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?

5)

a) (in tag questions)

she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?

so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas

b) (in elliptical uses)

are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)

she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no

I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?

[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB

1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) ser

he's a pianist — es pianista

he wants to be a doctor — quiere ser médico

Monday's a holiday — el lunes es fiesta

two and two are four — dos y dos son cuatro

it's me! — ¡soy yo!

it was me — fui yo

who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?

you be the patient and I'll be the doctor — tú eres el enfermo y yo seré el médico

if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *

2) (possession) ser

she's his sister — es su hermana

it's mine — es mío

3) (characteristics seen as inherent) ser

the sky is blue — el cielo es azul

it's (made of) plastic — es de plástico

they're English — son ingleses

he's tall — es alto

it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme

she is boring — es aburrida

I used to be poor but now I'm rich — antes era pobre pero ahora soy rico

if I were rich — si fuera rico

I'm from the south — soy del sur

the book is in French — el libro es en francés
Use [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:
it's broken — está roto

he's dead — está muerto

4) (changeable or temporary state) estar

it's dirty — está sucio

she's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma

how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?

how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?

I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor

my feet are cold — tengo los pies fríos

I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed

be good! — ¡pórtate bien!

you're late — llegas tarde
afraid, sleepy, right
5) (age)

"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años

she will be two tomorrow — mañana cumple dos años

when I'm old — cuando sea viejo

when I was young — cuando era joven

6) (=take place) ser

the meeting's today — la reunión es hoy

the service will be at St Ninian's Church — el oficio será en la iglesia de San Ninian

7) (=be situated) estar

Edinburgh is in Scotland — Edimburgo está en Escocia

it's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa

where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?

it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros

he won't be here tomorrow — mañana no estará aquí

we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo

• here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)

• there's the church — ahí está la iglesia

8) (impersonal use)

a) (referring to weather) hacer

it's hot/cold — hace calor/frío

it's too hot — hace demasiado calor

it's fine — hace buen tiempo

b) (referring to time, date etc) ser

it's eight o'clock — son las ocho

it's morning in New York now — en Nueva York ahora es por la mañana

wake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día

what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?

it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo

it's Thursday today — hoy es jueves
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo

it's Thursday today — hoy estamos a jueves

c) (asking and giving opinion) ser

is it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?

it is easy to make a mistake — es fácil cometer un fallo

is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?

it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga

it is impossible to study all the time — es imposible estar siempre estudiando

it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...

it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...

it would be wrong for us to do that — no estaría bien que nosotros hiciésemos eso

d) (emphatic) ser

it's me who does all the work — soy yo quien hace todo el trabajo

it was Peter who phoned — fue Peter quien llamó

why is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?

it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...

9) (=exist) haber

there is/are — hay

what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?

there is nothing more beautiful — no hay nada más bello

is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?

there were six road accidents here last year — el año pasado hubo seis accidentes de tráfico aquí

there must be an explanation — debe de haber una explicación

there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...

let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!

there are three of us — somos tres

there were three of them — eran tres

after the shop there's the bus station — después de la tienda está la estación de autobuses

See:

THERE IS, THERE ARE in there

10) (=cost)

how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?

the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras

how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm

11) (=visit)

has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?

he has been and gone — vino y se fue

I have been to see my aunt — he ido a ver a mi tía

have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?

I've been to China — he estado en China

12) (in noun compounds) futuro

• mother to be — futura madre or mamá f

• my wife to be — mi futura esposa

13) (in set expressions)

to be or not to be — ser o no ser

• been and * —

you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *

that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!

• you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo

as things are — tal como están las cosas

be that as it may — sea como fuere

• if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido

• let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!

• if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante

• what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?

• what's it to be? — (in bar etc) ¿qué va a ser?, ¿qué vas a tomar?

2. AUXILIARY VERB

1) (forming passive) ser

the house was destroyed by an earthquake — la casa fue destruida por un terremoto
The passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:
the box had been opened — habían abierto la caja

these cars are produced in Spain — estos coches se fabrican en España

it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...

he was killed by a terrorist — lo mató un terrorista

she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm

what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?

• it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse

• we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio

2) (forming continuous) estar

it's raining — está lloviendo

what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?

don't distract me when I'm driving — no me distraigas cuando estoy conduciendo

he's always grumbling — siempre está quejándose

he was studying until the early hours — estuvo estudiando hasta la madrugada
Use the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:
they're coming tomorrow — vienen mañana

"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!

will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?

will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?

I shall be seeing him — voy a verlo

I'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past:
he was driving too fast — conducía demasiado rápido
for, since
3) (verb substitute)

a)

he's older than you are — es mayor que tú

he isn't as happy as he was — no está tan contento como antes

"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?

"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también

"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco

"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!

"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí

"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!

"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?

"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí

"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no

"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!

b) (in question tags)

he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?

it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?

she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?

so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?

you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?

3. MODAL VERB
(with infinitive construction)
1) (=must, have to)

you're to put on your shoes — tienes que ponerte los zapatos

he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra

I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo

I am not to speak to him — no tengo permiso para hablar con él

I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre

2) (=should) deber

he is to be congratulated on his work — debemos felicitarlo por su trabajo

am I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?

she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título

he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer

he is to be pitied — es digno de lástima

3) (=will)

the talks are to start tomorrow — las conversaciones darán comienzo mañana

her house is to be sold — su casa se pondrá a la venta

they are to be married in the summer — se casarán en el verano

4) (=can)

these birds are to be found all over the world — estos pájaros se encuentran por todo el mundo

little traffic was to be seen — había poco tráfico

you weren't to know — no tenías por qué saberlo

5) (expressing destiny)

this was to have serious repercussions — esto iba a tener serias repercusiones

they were never to return — jamás regresaron

it was not to be — no quiso el destino que así fuera

6) (in conditional sentences)

you must work harder if you are to succeed — debes esforzarte más si quieres triunfar

if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...

if I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
BE
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry
* * *
[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.

1) (pres am, are, is; past was, were; past p been) intransitive verb [See notes at ser and estar]

Sense I

2)

a) (followed by an adjective)

she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente

he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso

he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego

he's short and fat — es bajo y gordo

he's so fat he can't get into his clothes any more — está tan gordo que ya no le cabe la ropa

these shoes are new — estos zapatos son nuevos

have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!

the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?

she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo

she's very rude — es muy grosera

be good — sé bueno

don't be silly! — no seas tonto!

b) ( talking about marital status)

Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero

to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien

we've been married for eight years — llevamos ocho años casados

3)

a) (followed by a noun) ser*

she's a lawyer — es abogada

he's a Catholic — es católico

she was Prime Minister for 11 years — fue Primera Ministra durante 11 años

who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?

it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel

if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría

b) ( play the role of) hacer* de

I was Juliet in the school play — hice de Julieta en la obra del colegio

4)

a) ( talking about mental and physical states)

how are you? — ¿cómo estás?

I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor

she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada

I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño

she has been ill — ha estado enferma

he's dead — está muerto

b) ( talking about age) tener*

how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?

I'm 31 — tengo 31 años

Paul was four last Monday — Paul cumplió cuatro años el lunes pasado

he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor

our house is over 100 years old — nuestra casa tiene más de 100 años

c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)

how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor

they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una

two plus two is four — dos más dos son cuatro

how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?

Jim's over six feet (tall) — Jim mide más de seis pies

Sense II

5)

a) (exist, live)

I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo

to be or not to be — ser o no ser

to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien

her husband-to-be — su futuro marido

b) ( in expressions of time)

don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)

I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy

how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?

c) ( take place) ser*

the party is tomorrow — la fiesta es mañana

6) (be situated, present) estar*

where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?

where are you? — ¿dónde estás?

what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?

who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?

he's here for two weeks — va a estar aquí dos semanas

how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?

7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*

I've never been to India — nunca he estado en la India

have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?

2.

v impers

1)

a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)

it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor

it's cloudy — está nublado

it was three degrees below zero — hacía tres grados bajo cero

it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!

I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...

b) ( in expressions of time) ser*

it's three o'clock — son las tres

it's one o'clock — es la una

it was still very early — todavía era muy temprano

it's Wednesday today — hoy es miércoles

hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)

c) ( talking about distance) estar*

it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí

2)

a) (introducing person, object) ser*

it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo

b) (in conditional use) ser*

if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado

3.

v aux

1) to be -ing

a) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + ger

what was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?

she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...

how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?

b) ( with future reference)

he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana

when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?

she'll be staying at the Plaza — se va a alojar en el Plaza

2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]

it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903

she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...

it is known that... — se sabe que...

3) to be to + inf

a) ( with future reference)

I'm to be met at the airport by Joe — Joe me irá a buscar al aeropuerto

the dessert is (still) to come — todavía falta el postre

if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...

b) ( expressing possibility)

what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?

he wasn't to know — no tenía cómo saberlo

it was nowhere to be found — no se lo pudo encontrar por ninguna parte

c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inf

tell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí

you are not to tell Carol! — no debes decírselo a Carol!

am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?

I'm not to be disturbed! — que nadie me moleste!

4) ( in hypotheses)

what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?

5)

a) (in tag questions)

she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?

so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas

b) (in elliptical uses)

are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)

she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no

I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?

English-spanish dictionary > be
16 rate

reit
1. noun
1) (the number of occasions within a given period of time when something happens or is done: a high (monthly) accident rate in a factory.) tasa, índice

2) (the number or amount of something (in relation to something else); a ratio: There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam.) porcentaje

3) (the speed with which something happens or is done: He works at a tremendous rate; the rate of increase/expansion.) velocidad, ritmo

4) (the level (of pay), cost etc (of or for something): What is the rate of pay for this job?) tarifa

5) ((usually in plural) a tax, especially, in United Kingdom, paid by house-owners etc to help with the running of their town etc.) contribución municipal, impuestos municipales

2. verb
(to estimate or be estimated, with regard to worth, merit, value etc: I don't rate this book very highly; He doesn't rate very highly as a dramatist in my estimation.) estimar, tasar, valorar

- rating
- at this
- at that rate
- rate of exchange

rate n

1. tasa / índice / tipo

the rate of inflation la tasa de inflación

the birth rate índice de natalidad

interest rates los tipos de interés

2. razón

they paid us at the rate of five pounds an hour nos pagaban a razón de cinco libras la hora

3. ritmo

unemployment is rising at an alarming rate el paro crece a un ritmo alarmante

rate

tr[reɪt]

noun

1 tasa, índice nombre masculino

■ the rate of growth has slowed down la tasa de crecimiento ha disminuido

2 (speed) velocidad nombre femenino, ritmo

■ at the rate he's going he'll finish by Tuesday al paso que lleva, acabará el martes

■ at this rate there'll be no woods left a este paso no quedará bosque, como sigamos así no quedará bosque

3 (price) tarifa, precio

■ we were paid at the standard rate nos pagaron según la tarifa habitual

transitive verb

1 (consider) considerar

■ I rate this her best book yet creo que éste es su mejor libro hasta la fecha

■ how do rate your chances for the race? ¿qué oportunidad crees que tienes en la carrera?

2 (deserve) merecer

■ the fire rated no more than three lines in the local paper el incendio mereció tan solo tres líneas en el diario local

3 (fix value) tasar

plural noun rates

1 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL contribución f sing urbana

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

at any rate (anyway) de todos modos 2 (at least) por lo menos, al menos

at the rate of a razón de

first/second rate de primera/segunda (categoría)

interest rate tipo de interés

rate of exchange tipo de cambio

rate of inflation tasa de inflación

rate ['reɪt] vt, rated ; rating

1) consider, regard: considerar, estimar

2) deserve: merecer

rate n

1) pace, speed: velocidad f, ritmo m

at this rate: a este paso

2) : índice m, tasa f

birth rate: índice de natalidad

interest rate: tasa de interés

3) charge, price: precio m, tarifa f

rate

adv.

• tanto por ciento adv.

n.

• cadencia s.f.

• cuota s.f.

• paso s.m.

• porcentaje s.m.

• precio s.m.

• proporción s.f.

• ritmo s.m.

• tarifa s.f.

• tasa s.f.

• valoración s.f.

• velocidad s.f.

v.

• tasar v.

• valuar v.

reɪt
I

noun

1)

a) ( speed) velocidad; ( rhythm) ritmo m

their vocabulary increases at a rate of five words a day — su vocabulario aumenta a razón de cinco palabras por día

I'm reading at a rate of 100 pages a day — estoy leyendo a un ritmo de 100 páginas por día

at this rate, it'll take weeks — a este paso, nos va a llevar semanas

at any rate — ( at least) por lo menos; ( in any case) en todo caso

b) (level, ratio)

birth rate — índice m de natalidad

death rate — mortalidad f

literacy rate — nivel m de alfabetización

rate of inflation — tasa f de inflación

rate of interest — tasa f or (esp Esp) tipo m de interés

rate of exchange — tipo m de cambio

c) (price, charge) tarifa f

peak/standard rate — tarifa f alta/normal

the work is paid at a rate of $20 per hour — el trabajo se paga a (razón de) 20 dólares por hora

that's the going rate — eso es lo que se suele pagar

2) ( local tax) (formerly, in UK) (often pl) ≈contribución f (municipal or inmobiliaria)

II
1.

transitive verb

1)

a) (rank, consider)

I rate her work very highly — tengo una excelente opinión de su trabajo

to rate somebody/something (AS something): I rate her as the best woman tennis player yo la considero la mejor tenista; how do you rate the movie on a scale of 1 to 10? — ¿qué puntuación or (AmL) puntaje le darías a la película en una escala del 1 al 10?

b) ( consider good) (BrE colloq) (usu neg)

I don't rate her chances — no creo que tenga muchas posibilidades

I don't rate their new player — no me impresiona mucho su nuevo jugador

2) ( deserve) merecer*; ( obtain)

it didn't rate a mention — no les pareció digno de mención

2.

vi

a) ( be classed)

to rate AS something — estar* considerado como algo

b) ( measure up)

to rate WITH somebody — (AmE)

Florida doesn't rate with me — para mí Florida no vale gran cosa

I [reɪt]
1. N

1) (=proportion, ratio)

birth rate — índice m or tasa f de natalidad, natalidad f

death rate — índice m or tasa f de mortalidad, mortalidad f

the failure/success rate for this exam is high — el índice de suspensos/aprobados en este examen es alto

• at a rate of — a razón de

it is increasing at a or the rate of 5% a year — está aumentando a razón de un 5% al año

at a or the rate of three a minute — a razón de tres por minuto
crime, divorce 4., first-rate, second-rate, third-rate, metabolic, suicide
2) (=speed) (gen) velocidad f ; [of work] ritmo m

the population is growing at an alarming rate — la población crece a una velocidad alarmante

• at any rate — (=at least) al menos, por lo menos; (=anyway) en todo caso

he is the least appealing, to me at any rate — es el menos atractivo, al menos or por lo menos para mí

I don't know what happened, at any rate she didn't turn up — no sé lo que pasó, el caso es que or en todo caso no se presentó

• rate of climb — (Aer) velocidad f de subida

• rate of flow — [of electricity, water] velocidad f de flujo

• at a rate of knots * — [of person, vehicle] a toda pastilla *

• at this rate — a este paso

if things go on at this rate — si las cosas siguen marchando a este paso

at the rate you're going, you'll be dead before long — al paso que vas no vas a durar mucho
heart 2.
3) (=price) (for tickets) precio m ; [of hotel, telephone service] tarifa f

there is a reduced rate for children under 12 — a los niños menores de 12 años se les hace un descuento, hay una tarifa reducida para niños menores de 12 años

calls cost 36p per minute cheap rate — el precio de la llamada es de 36 peniques el minuto, dentro de la tarifa barata

they were paid a rate of £5 an hour — les pagaban a razón de 5 libras la hora

• the rate for the job — el sueldo que corresponde al trabajo

• rates of pay — sueldos mpl
postage, postal, peak 3., standard 3.
4) (Econ) [of stocks] cotización f

• bank rate — tipo m de interés bancario

• exchange rate, rate of exchange — (tipo m de) cambio m

• growth rate, rate of growth — tasa f de crecimiento

• inflation rate, rate of inflation — tasa f de inflación

• interest rate, rate of interest — tipo m or tasa f de interés

• rate of return — tasa f de rentabilidad or rendimiento
basic, fixed-rate, mortgage, tax
5) rates (Brit) (formerly) (=local tax) contribución fsing municipal, impuesto msing municipal

we pay £900 in rates — pagamos 900 libras de contribuciones
water 4.
2. VT

1) (=rank)

how do you rate her? — ¿qué opinas de ella?

how do you rate his performance on a scale of one to ten? — ¿cuántos puntos le darías a su actuación en una escala del uno al diez?

she is rated fifth in the world — ocupa el quinto lugar en la clasificación mundial

• to rate sth/sb highly, I rate the book highly — tengo muy buena opinión del libro

I rate him highly — lo tengo en muy alta estima

the most highly rated player in English football — el jugador mejor considerado del fútbol inglés
X-rated, zero-rated
2) (=consider, regard) considerar

I rate him among my friends — le considero un amigo

I rate him among my best three pupils — lo tengo por uno de mis tres mejores alumnos

most rated it a hit — la mayoría de la gente lo consideraba un éxito

• I rate myself as fairly fit — considero que estoy bastante en forma

3) * (=regard as good)

I don't rate your chances — creo que tienes pocas posibilidades

he didn't rate the movie at all — no concedió ningún mérito a la película

I don't rate him (as a composer) — no le valoro (como compositor)

4) (=deserve) merecer(se)

I think he rates a pass (mark) — creo que (se) merece un aprobado

it didn't rate a mention — no lo consideraron digno de mención

in those crowded streets he wouldn't rate a second glance — en esas calles llenas de gente pasaría desapercibido

5) (Brit) (for local tax) [+ property] tasar, valorar (at en)

3. VI

1) (=perform, measure up)

how did he rate? — ¿qué tal lo hizo?, ¿qué tal se portó?

2)

• to rate as, it must rate as one of the most boring films around — debe de estar considerada una de las películas más aburridas del momento

4.

CPD

rate rebate N — (Brit) (formerly) devolución f de contribución municipal

II

[reɪt]
VT liter (=scold) regañar, reñir
* * *
[reɪt]
I

noun

1)

a) ( speed) velocidad; ( rhythm) ritmo m

their vocabulary increases at a rate of five words a day — su vocabulario aumenta a razón de cinco palabras por día

I'm reading at a rate of 100 pages a day — estoy leyendo a un ritmo de 100 páginas por día

at this rate, it'll take weeks — a este paso, nos va a llevar semanas

at any rate — ( at least) por lo menos; ( in any case) en todo caso

b) (level, ratio)

birth rate — índice m de natalidad

death rate — mortalidad f

literacy rate — nivel m de alfabetización

rate of inflation — tasa f de inflación

rate of interest — tasa f or (esp Esp) tipo m de interés

rate of exchange — tipo m de cambio

c) (price, charge) tarifa f

peak/standard rate — tarifa f alta/normal

the work is paid at a rate of $20 per hour — el trabajo se paga a (razón de) 20 dólares por hora

that's the going rate — eso es lo que se suele pagar

2) ( local tax) (formerly, in UK) (often pl) ≈contribución f (municipal or inmobiliaria)

II
1.

transitive verb

1)

a) (rank, consider)

I rate her work very highly — tengo una excelente opinión de su trabajo

to rate somebody/something (AS something): I rate her as the best woman tennis player yo la considero la mejor tenista; how do you rate the movie on a scale of 1 to 10? — ¿qué puntuación or (AmL) puntaje le darías a la película en una escala del 1 al 10?

b) ( consider good) (BrE colloq) (usu neg)

I don't rate her chances — no creo que tenga muchas posibilidades

I don't rate their new player — no me impresiona mucho su nuevo jugador

2) ( deserve) merecer*; ( obtain)

it didn't rate a mention — no les pareció digno de mención

2.

vi

a) ( be classed)

to rate AS something — estar* considerado como algo

b) ( measure up)

to rate WITH somebody — (AmE)

Florida doesn't rate with me — para mí Florida no vale gran cosa

English-spanish dictionary > rate
17 place

1. noun
1) Ort, der; (spot) Stelle, die; Platz, der

I left it in a safe place — ich habe es an einem sicheren Ort gelassen

it was still in the same place — es war noch an derselben Stelle od. am selben Platz

a place in the queue — ein Platz in der Schlange

all over the place — überall; (coll.): (in a mess) ganz durcheinander (ugs.)

from place to place — von Ort zu Ort

in places — hier und da; (in parts) stellenweise

find a place in something — (be included) in etwas (Akk.) eingehen; see also academic.ru/73191/take">take 1. 4)

2) (fig.): (rank, position) Stellung, die

put somebody in his place — jemanden in seine Schranken weisen

know one's place — wissen, was sich für einen gehört

it's not my place to do that — es kommt mir nicht zu, das zu tun

3) (building or area for specific purpose)

a [good] place to park/to stop — ein [guter] Platz zum Parken/eine [gute] Stelle zum Halten

do you know a good/cheap place to eat? — weißt du, wo man gut/billig essen kann?

place of residence — Wohnort, der

place of work — Arbeitsplatz, der; Arbeitsstätte, die

place of worship — Andachtsort, der

4) (country, town) Ort, der

Paris/Italy is a great place — Paris ist eine tolle Stadt/Italien ist ein tolles Land (ugs.)

place of birth — Geburtsort, der

go places — (coll.) herumkommen (ugs.); (fig.) es [im Leben] zu was bringen (ugs.)

5) (coll.): (premises) Bude, die (ugs.); (hotel, restaurant, etc.) Laden, der (ugs.)

she is at his/John's place — sie ist bei ihm/John

[shall we go to] your place or mine? — [gehen wir] zu dir oder zu mir?

6) (seat etc.) [Sitz]platz, der

change places [with somebody] — [mit jemandem] die Plätze tauschen; (fig.) [mit jemandem] tauschen

lay a/another place — ein/noch ein Gedeck auflegen

is this anyone's place? — ist dieser Platz noch frei?

7) (in book etc.) Stelle, die

lose one's place — die Seite verschlagen od. verblättern; (on page) nicht mehr wissen, an welcher Stelle man ist

8) (step, stage)

in the first place — zuerst

why didn't you say so in the first place? — warum hast du das nicht gleich gesagt?

in the first/second/third etc. place — erstens/zweitens/drittens usw.

9) (proper place) Platz, der

everything fell into place — (fig.) alles wurde klar

a woman's place is in the home — eine Frau gehört ins Haus

the clamp is properly in place — die Klammer sitzt richtig

into place — fest[nageln, -schrauben, -kleben]

out of place — nicht am richtigen Platz; (several things) in Unordnung; (fig.) fehl am Platz

take the place of somebody — jemandes Platz einnehmen

10) (position in competition) Platz, der

take first/second etc. place — den ersten/zweiten usw. Platz belegen

11) (job, position, etc.) Stelle, die; (as pupil; in team, crew) Platz, der

12) (personal situation)

what would you do in my place? — was würden Sie an meiner Stelle tun?

put yourself in my place — versetzen Sie sich in meine Lage
2. transitive verb
1) (put) (vertically) stellen; (horizontally) legen

place in position — richtig hinstellen/hinlegen

place an announcement/advertisement in a paper — eine Anzeige/ein Inserat in eine Zeitung setzen

place a bet — auf ein Pferd wetten

2) (fig.)

place one's trust in somebody/something — sein Vertrauen auf od. in jemanden/etwas setzen

he places happiness above all other things — Glück steht für ihn an erster Stelle

3) in p.p. (situated) gelegen

a badly placed window — ein Fenster an einer ungünstigen Stelle

we are well placed for buses/shops — etc. wir haben es nicht weit zur Bushaltestelle/zum Einkaufen usw.

how are you placed for time/money? — (coll.) wie steht's mit deiner Zeit/deinem Geld?

4) (find situation or home for) unterbringen ( with bei)

place somebody under somebody's care — jemanden in jemandes Obhut geben

5) (class, identify) einordnen; einstufen

I've seen him before but I can't place him — ich habe ihn schon einmal gesehen, aber ich weiß nicht, wo ich ihn unterbringen soll

be placed second in the race — im Rennen den zweiten Platz belegen

* * *
[pleis] 1. noun
1) (a particular spot or area: a quiet place in the country; I spent my holiday in various different places.) der Ort

2) (an empty space: There's a place for your books on this shelf.) der Platz

3) (an area or building with a particular purpose: a market-place.) der Platz

4) (a seat (in a theatre, train, at a table etc): He went to his place and sat down.) der Platz

5) (a position in an order, series, queue etc: She got the first place in the competition; I lost my place in the queue.) der Platz

6) (a person's position or level of importance in society etc: You must keep your secretary in her place.) der Platz

7) (a point in the text of a book etc: The wind was blowing the pages of my book and I kept losing my place.) die Stelle

8) (duty or right: It's not my place to tell him he's wrong.) die Aufgabe

9) (a job or position in a team, organization etc: He's got a place in the team; He's hoping for a place on the staff.) der Platz

10) (house; home: Come over to my place.) die Wohnung

11) ((often abbreviated to Pl. when written) a word used in the names of certain roads, streets or squares.) der Platz

12) (a number or one of a series of numbers following a decimal point: Make the answer correct to four decimal places.) die Stelle
2. verb
1) (to put: He placed it on the table; He was placed in command of the army.) stellen, setzen

2) (to remember who a person is: I know I've seen her before, but I can't quite place her.) einordnen

•

- place-name
- go places
- in the first
- second place
- in place
- in place of
- out of place
- put oneself in someone else's place
- put someone in his place
- put in his place
- take place
- take the place of
* * *

place

[pleɪs]

I. NOUN

1. (location) Ort m

I hate busy \places ich hasse Orte, an denen viel los ist

the hotel was one of those big, old-fashioned \places das Hotel war eines dieser großen altmodischen Häuser

we're staying at a bed-and-breakfast \place wir übernachten in einer Frühstückspension

let's go to a pizza \place lass uns eine Pizza essen gehen

this is the exact \place! das ist genau die Stelle!

this plant needs a warm, sunny \place diese Pflanze sollte an einem warmen, sonnigen Ort stehen

Scotland is a very nice \place Schottland ist ein tolles Land fam

that café is a nice \place dieses Café ist echt nett fam

a nice little \place at the seaside ein netter kleiner Ort am Meer

please put this book back in its \place bitte stell dieses Buch wieder an seinen Platz zurück

this is the \place my mother was born hier wurde meine Mutter geboren

sorry, I can't be in two \places at once tut mir leid, ich kann nicht überall gleichzeitig sein

\place of birth Geburtsort m

\place of custody Verwahrungsort m

\place of death Sterbeort m

\place of delivery Erfüllungsort m

\place of employment Arbeitsplatz m

\place of jurisdiction Gerichtsstand m

\place of performance Erfüllungsort m

\place of refuge Zufluchtsort m

\place of residence Wohnort m

a \place in the sun ( fig) ein Plätzchen an der Sonne

\place of work Arbeitsplatz m, Arbeitsstätte f

to go \places AM weit herumkommen, viel sehen

in \places stellenweise

this plant still exists in \places diese Pflanze kommt noch vereinzelt vor

2. no pl (appropriate setting) [geeigneter] Ort

this meeting isn't the \place to discuss individual cases diese Konferenz ist nicht der Ort, um Einzelfälle zu diskutieren

university was not the \place for me die Universität war irgendwie nicht mein Ding fam

that bar is not a \place for a woman like you Frauen wie du haben in solch einer Bar nichts verloren

3. (home)

I'm looking for a \place to live ich bin auf Wohnungssuche

we'll have a meeting at my \place/Susan's \place wir treffen uns bei mir/bei Susan

where's your \place? wo wohnst du?; ( fam)

your \place or mine? zu dir oder zu mir?

they're trying to buy a larger \place wir sind auf der Suche nach einer größeren Wohnung

4. ( fig: position, rank) Stellung f

she's got friends in high \places sie hat Freunde in hohen Positionen

they have a \place among the country's leading exporters sie zählen zu den führenden Exporteuren des Landes

it's not your \place to tell me what to do es steht dir nicht zu, mir zu sagen, was ich zu tun habe

I'm not criticizing you — I know my \place das ist keine Kritik — das würde ich doch nie wagen!

to keep sb in their \place jdn in seine Schranken weisen

to put sb in his/her \place [or show sb his/her \place] jdm zeigen, wo es langgeht fam

5. (instead of)

▪ in \place of stattdessen

you can use margarine in \place of butter statt Butter kannst du auch Margarine nehmen

I invited Jo in \place of Les, who was ill Les war krank, daher habe ich Jo eingeladen

6. (proper position)

▪ to be in \place an seinem Platz sein; ( fig: completed) fertig [o abgeschlossen] sein

the chairs were all in \place die Stühle waren alle dort, wo sie sein sollten; ( fig)

the arrangements are all in \place now die Vorbereitungen sind jetzt abgeschlossen; ( fig)

the new laws are now in \place die neuen Gesetze gelten jetzt; ( fig)

suddenly all fell into \place plötzlich machte alles Sinn

to be out of \place nicht an der richtigen Stelle sein; person fehl am Platz[e] sein; ( fig)

the large desk was totally out of \place in such a small room der große Schreibtisch war in solch einem kleinen Zimmer völlig deplatziert

what you've just said was completely out of \place was du da gerade gesagt hast, war völlig unangebracht

to push sth in \place etw in die richtige Position schieben

7. MATH (in decimals) Stelle f

to five \places of decimals bis auf fünf Stellen hinter dem Komma

8. (job, position) Stelle f; (in team) Platz m; (at university) Studienplatz m

your \place is here by my side du gehörst an meine Seite

to take the \place of sb jds Platz einnehmen

9. (in book) Stelle f

to find one's \place die [richtige] Stelle wiederfinden

to keep one's \place markieren, wo man gerade ist/war

to lose one's \place die Seite verblättern[, wo man gerade war]; (on page) nicht mehr wissen, wo man gerade ist

10. (seat) Platz m

is this \place taken? ist dieser Platz noch frei?

to change \places with sb mit jdm die Plätze tauschen

to keep sb's \place [or save sb a \place] jdm den Platz freihalten

to lay a/another \place ein/noch ein Gedeck auflegen

to take one's \place at table Platz nehmen

11. (position) Stelle f

just put yourself in my \place versetzen Sie sich doch mal in meine Lage!

if I were in your \place... ich an deiner Stelle...

what would you do in my \place? was würden Sie an meiner Stelle tun?

12. (ranking) Platz m, Position f

the song went from tenth to second \place in the charts das Lied stieg vom zehnten auf den zweiten Platz in den Charts

our team finished in second \place unsere Mannschaft wurde Zweiter

to take [or esp BRIT get] first/second \place Erste(r)/Zweite(r) werden

to take first/second \place ( fig) an erster/zweiter Stelle kommen

their children always take first \place ihre Kinder stehen für sie immer an erster Stelle

in second \place auf dem zweiten Platz

13. SPORT

to get a \place sich akk platzieren; AM Zweite(r) werden

14. AM ( fam: somewhere)

I know I left that book some \place ich weiß, dass ich das Buch irgendwo gelassen habe

15.

▶ all over the \place (everywhere) überall; (badly organized) [völlig] chaotisch; (spread around) in alle Himmelsrichtungen zerstreut

▶ a \place for everything and everything in its \place ( prov) jedes Ding hat seinen Platz

▶ in the first \place (at first) zuerst; (at all) überhaupt

we shouldn't have got married in the first \place! wir hätten erst gar nicht heiraten dürfen!

but why didn't you say that in the first \place? aber warum hast du denn das nicht gleich gesagt?

▶ in the first/second \place (firstly, secondly) erstens/zweitens

▶ to give \place to sb/sth jdm/etw Platz machen

▶ to go \places ( fam) auf dem Weg nach oben sein

▶ to take \place stattfinden

▶ there is a \place and time for everything alles zu seiner Zeit

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (position)

▪ to \place sth somewhere etw irgendwohin stellen; (lay) etw irgendwohin legen

bowls of flowers had been \placed on tables auf den Tischen waren Blumenvasen aufgestellt

the Chancellor \placed a wreath on the tomb der Kanzler legte einen Kranz auf dem Grab nieder

she \placed her name on the list sie setzte ihren Namen auf die Liste

he \placed his hand on my shoulder er legte mir die Hand auf die Schulter

to \place an advertisement in the newspaper eine Anzeige in die Zeitung setzen

to \place sth on the agenda etw auf die Tagesordnung setzen

to \place a bet on sth auf etw akk wetten

to \place sb under sb's care jdn in jds Obhut geben

to \place a comma ein Komma setzen

to \place one foot in front of the other einen Fuß vor den anderen setzen

to \place a gun at sb's head jdn eine Pistole an den Kopf setzen

to \place money on sth Geld auf etw akk setzen

▪ to be \placed shop, town liegen

2. (impose)

to \place an embargo on sb/sth über jdn/etw ein Embargo verhängen

to \place a limit [or ceiling] on sth etw begrenzen

to \place ten pounds/half a million on sth etw mit zehn Pfund/einer halben Million veranschlagen

3. (ascribe)

to \place the blame on sb jdm die Schuld geben

to \place one's faith [or trust] in sb/sth sein Vertrauen in jdn/etw setzen

to \place one's hopes on sb/sth seine Hoffnungen auf jdn/etw setzen

to \place importance on sth auf etw akk Wert legen

... and she \placed the emphasis on the word ‘soon’... und die Betonung lag auf ‚schnell‘

he \placed stress on every second syllable er betonte jede zweite Silbe

4. (arrange for)

to \place a call ein Telefongespräch anmelden

to \place sth at sb's disposal jdm etw überlassen

5. (appoint to a position)

▪ to \place sb/sth somewhere jdn/etw irgendwo unterbringen [o SCHWEIZ platzieren]

to \place sb on [the] alert jdn in Alarmbereitschaft versetzen

to \place sb under arrest jdn festnehmen

to \place sb in charge [of sth] jdm die Leitung [von etw dat] übertragen

to \place sb in jeopardy jdn in Gefahr bringen

to \place sb under pressure jdn unter Druck setzen

to \place a strain on sb/sth jdn/etw belasten

to \place staff Personal unterbringen [o vermitteln]

to \place sb under surveillance jdn unter Beobachtung stellen

the town was \placed under the control of UN peacekeeping troops die Stadt wurde unter die Aufsicht der UN-Friedenstruppen gestellt

6. (recognize)

▪ to \place sb/sth face, person, voice, accent jdn/etw einordnen

7. (categorize, rank)

▪ to \place sb/sth jdn/etw einordnen

to be \placed SPORT sich akk platzieren; AM unter die ersten zwei kommen

to be \placed first/second SPORT Erste(r)/Zweite(r) werden

▪ to \place sth above [or before] [or over] sth etw über etw akk stellen

sb \places sth above all other things etw steht bei jdm an erster Stelle

I'd \place him among the world's ten most brilliant scientists für mich ist er einer der zehn hervorragendsten Wissenschaftler der Welt

they \placed the painting in the Renaissance sie ordneten das Bild der Renaissance zu

8. ECON

▪ to \place sth goods etw absetzen

to \place an order for sth etw bestellen

to \place an order with a firm einer Firma einen Auftrag erteilen

9. passive (good position)

▪ to be well \placed for sth für etw akk eine gute Ausgangsposition haben

we're well \placed for the shops wir haben es nicht weit zum Einkaufen fam

to be well \placed financially finanziell gut dastehen

to be well \placed to watch sth von seinem Platz aus etw gut sehen können

10. passive (have at disposal)

▪ to be well \placed for sth:

how \placed are you for time/money? wie sieht es mit deiner Zeit/deinem Geld aus?

III. INTRANSITIVE VERB

SPORT sich akk platzieren; AM also (finish second) Zweite(r) werden

* * *
[pleɪs]
1. NOUN

1) general Platz m, Stelle f

this is the place where he was born —

do the spoons have a special place? — haben die Löffel einen bestimmten Platz?

water is coming through in several places — an mehreren Stellen kommt Wasser durch

from place to place — von einem Ort zum anderen

in another place — woanders

bed is the best place for him — im Bett ist er am besten aufgehoben

we found a good place to watch the procession from — wir fanden einen Platz, von dem wir den Umzug gut sehen konnten

in the right/wrong place — an der richtigen/falschen Stelle

some/any place — irgendwo

a poor man with no place to go — ein armer Mann, der nicht weiß, wohin

this is no place for you/children —

there is no place for the unsuccessful in our society your place is by his side — für Erfolglose ist in unserer Gesellschaft kein Platz dein Platz ist an seiner Seite

it was the last place I expected to find him — da hätte ich ihn zuletzt or am wenigsten vermutet

this isn't the place to discuss politics — dies ist nicht der Ort, um über Politik zu sprechen

to laugh in the right places — an den richtigen Stellen lachen

I can't be in two places at once! —

she likes to have a place for everything and everything in its place — sie hält sehr auf Ordnung und achtet darauf, dass alles an seinem Platz liegt

2) = geographical location = district Gegend f; (= country) Land nt; (= building) Gebäude nt; (= town) Ort m

there's nothing to do in the evenings in this place —

Sweden's a great place they're building a new place out in the suburbs — Schweden ist ein tolles Land sie bauen ein neues Gebäude am Stadtrand

3) = home Haus nt, Wohnung f

come round to my place some time — besuch mich mal, komm doch mal vorbei

let's go back to my place — lass uns zu mir gehen

I've never been to his place — ich bin noch nie bei ihm gewesen

where's your place? — wo wohnst du?

at Peter's place — bei Peter

your place or mine? (hum inf) — gehen wir zu dir oder zu mir?

4) in book etc Stelle f

to find one's place — die richtige Stelle finden

to keep one's place — sich (dat) die richtige Stelle markieren

to lose one's place — die Seite verblättern; (on page) die Zeile verlieren

5) = seat, position at table, in team, school, hospital Platz m; (at university) Studienplatz m; (= job) Stelle f

to lay an extra place for sb — ein zusätzliches Gedeck für jdn auflegen

to take one's place (at table) —

take your places for a square dance! — Aufstellung zur Quadrille, bitte!

places for 500 students — 500 Studienplätze

to give up one's place (in a queue) — jdm den Vortritt lassen

to lose one's place (in a queue) — sich wieder hinten anstellen müssen

if I were in your place — an Ihrer Stelle, wenn ich an Ihrer Stelle wäre

put yourself in my place — versetzen Sie sich in meine Lage

to take the place of sb/sth — jdn/etw ersetzen, jds Platz or den Platz von jdm/etw einnehmen

6) in hierarchy Rang m, Stellung f

people in high places — Leute in hohen Positionen

to know one's place — wissen, was sich (für einen) gehört

of course I'm not criticizing you, I know my place! (hum) — ich kritisiere dich selbstverständlich nicht, das steht mir gar nicht zu

it's not my place to comment/tell him what to do — es steht mir nicht zu, einen Kommentar abzugeben/ihm zu sagen, was er tun soll

to keep or put sb in his place — jdn in seine Schranken weisen

that put him in his place! — das hat ihn erst mal zum Schweigen gebracht, da hab ichs/hat ers etc ihm gezeigt (inf)

7) in exam, competition Platz m, Stelle f

Lunt won, with Moore in second place — Lunt hat gewonnen, an zweiter Stelle or auf dem zweiten Platz lag Moore

to win first place — Erste(r, s) sein

to take second place to sth — einer Sache (dat) gegenüber zweitrangig sein

8) SPORT Platzierung f

to get a place —

to back a horse for a place — auf Platz wetten, eine Platzwette abschließen

9) in street names Platz m

10) MATH Stelle f

to work sth out to three decimal places — etw auf drei Stellen nach dem Komma berechnen

11)

set structures __diams; place of + noun place of amusement — Vergnügungsstätte f

place of birth — Geburtsort m

place of residence — Wohnort m

place of business or work — Arbeitsstelle f __diams; in places stellenweise

the snow was up to a metre deep in places — der Schnee lag stellenweise bis zu einem Meter hoch

everything was in place — alles war an seiner Stelle

make sure the wire/screw is properly in place — achten Sie darauf, dass der Draht/die Schraube richtig sitzt

the legislation is already in place — die gesetzlichen Regelungen gelten schon

to look out of place —

to feel out of place — sich fehl am Platz or deplatziert fühlen

not a hair out of place — tipptopp frisiert (inf)

McCormack played in goal in place of Miller — McCormack stand anstelle von Miller im Tor __diams; to fall into place Gestalt annehmen

in the first place..., in the second place... — erstens..., zweitens...

the meeting will take place on Monday — das Treffen findet am Montag statt

he's going places (fig inf) — er bringts zu was (inf) __diams; to give place to sth einer Sache (dat) Platz machen

2. TRANSITIVE VERB

1) = put setzen, stellen; (= lay down) legen; person at table etc setzen; guards aufstellen; shot (with gun) anbringen; (FTBL, TENNIS) platzieren; troops in Stellung bringen; announcement (in paper) inserieren (in in +dat); advertisement setzen (in in +acc)

the magician placed one hand over the other — der Zauberer legte eine Hand über die andere

she slowly placed one foot in front of the other —

he placed the cue ball right behind the black he placed a gun to my head — er setzte die Spielkugel direkt hinter die schwarze Kugel er setzte mir eine Pistole an den Kopf

she placed a finger on her lips —

the vase was precariously placed — die Vase stand an einer gefährlichen Stelle

to place a matter before sb — jdm eine Angelegenheit vorlegen

I shall place the matter in the hands of a lawyer — ich werde die Angelegenheit einem Rechtsanwalt übergeben

to place a strain on sth — etw belasten

this placed him under a lot of pressure — dadurch geriet er stark unter Druck

to place confidence/trust in sb/sth — Vertrauen in jdn/etw setzen

to be placed (shop, town, house etc) — liegen

how are you placed for time/money? — wie sieht es mit deiner Zeit/deinem Geld aus?

we are well placed for the shops — was Einkaufsmöglichkeiten angeht, wohnen wir günstig

Liverpool are well placed in the league — Liverpool liegt gut in der Tabelle

they were well placed to observe the whole battle — sie hatten einen günstigen Platz, von dem sie die ganze Schlacht verfolgen konnten

we are well placed now to finish the job by next year —

with the extra staff we are better placed now than we were last month — mit dem zusätzlichen Personal stehen wir jetzt besser da als vor einem Monat

he is well placed (to get hold of things) — er sitzt an der Quelle

he is well placed to get information — er kommt leicht an Informationen

2) = rank stellen

to place local interests above or before or over those of central government — kommunale Interessen über die der Zentralregierung stellen

that should be placed first — das sollte an erster Stelle stehen

where do you place love on your list of priorities? — an welcher Stelle steht die Liebe für dich?

the German runner was placed third — der deutsche Läufer belegte den dritten Platz or wurde Dritter

to be placed (Sport) — sich platzieren

3) = identify context of einordnen

in which school would you place this painting? —

I don't know, it's very difficult to place I can't quite place him/his accent — ich weiß es nicht, es ist sehr schwer einzuordnen ich kann ihn/seinen Akzent nicht einordnen

historians place the book in the 5th century AD — Historiker datieren das Buch auf das 5. Jahrhundert

4) COMM goods absetzen; order erteilen (with sb jdm); contract abschließen (with sb mit jdm)

who did you place the computer typesetting job with? —

this is the last time we place any work with you — das ist das letzte Mal, dass wir Ihnen einen Auftrag erteilt haben

5) money (= deposit) deponieren; (= invest) investieren

to place money at sb's credit — jdm eine Geldsumme gutschreiben

6) phone call anmelden

7) = find job for unterbringen (with bei)

the agency is trying to place him with a building firm — die Agentur versucht, ihn bei einer Baufirma unterzubringen

* * *

place [pleıs]

A s

1. Ort m, Stelle f, Platz m:

from place to place von Ort zu Ort;

in places stellenweise;

the goalkeeper was exactly in the right place SPORT der Torhüter stand goldrichtig;

all over the place umg überall;

his hair was all over the place umg er war ganz zerzaust;

come to the wrong place an die falsche Adresse geraten;

keep sb’s place jemandem seinen Platz frei halten ( in a queue in einer Schlange);

lay a place for sb für jemanden decken;

take place stattfinden;

win a place in the semifinals SPORT ins Halbfinale einziehen, sich fürs Halbfinale qualifizieren; → safe A 1

2. (mit adj) Stelle f:

a wet place on the floor

3. (eingenommene) Stelle:

take sb’s place

a) jemandes Stelle einnehmen,

b) jemanden vertreten;

take the place of ersetzen, an die Stelle treten von (od gen);

in place of anstelle von (od gen);

if I were in your place I would … ich an Ihrer Stelle würde …; wenn ich Sie wäre, würde ich …;

put yourself in my place versetzen Sie sich (doch einmal) in meine Lage!

4. Platz m (Raum):

give place (to) Platz machen (für oder dat) (a. fig), nachgeben (dat)

5. (richtiger oder ordnungsgemäßer) Platz (auch fig): in his library every book has its place hat jedes Buch seinen Platz;

find one’s place sich zurechtfinden;

know one’s place wissen, wohin man gehört;

in (out of) place (nicht) am (richtigen) Platz;

this remark was out of place diese Bemerkung war deplatziert oder unangebracht;

feel out of place sich fehl am Platz fühlen;

this is not the place for

a) das oder hier ist nicht der (geeignete) Ort für,

b) das ist nicht der richtige Zeitpunkt für;

such people have no place in our club für solche Leute ist kein Platz in unserem Verein;

put sth back in its place etwas (an seinen Platz) zurücklegen oder -stellen;

put sb back in their place jemanden in die oder seine Schranken verweisen; → click¹ B 4, fall into 1, slot¹ C

6. Ort m, Stätte f:

one of the best places to eat eines der besten Restaurants oder Speiselokale;

place of amusement Vergnügungsstätte;

place of birth Geburtsort;

place of interest Sehenswürdigkeit f;

place of work Arbeitsplatz m, -stelle f;

place of worship

a) Kultstätte,

b) Gotteshaus n;

go places

a) ausgehen,

b) (umher)reisen,

c) fig es zu etwas bringen; → assembly 1

7. WIRTSCH Ort m, Platz m, Sitz m:

place of business Geschäftssitz;

place of delivery Erfüllungsort;

place of jurisdiction Gerichtsstand m;

place of payment Zahlungsort;

from this place ab hier; → destination 1

8. Haus n, Wohnung f:

at his place bei ihm (zu Hause);

he came over to my place yesterday er kam gestern zu mir;

your place or mine? umg bei dir od bei mir?

9. Ort(schaft) m(f):

in this place hier;

Munich is a nice place to live in München lebt man angenehm oder lässt es sich angenehm leben; → exile A 1

10. Gegend f:

of this place hiesig

11. THEAT Ort m (der Handlung)

12. umg Lokal n:

go to a Greek place zum Griechen gehen

13. SCHIFF Platz m, Hafen m:

place of tran(s)shipment Umschlagplatz;

place of call Anlaufhafen

14. Raum m (Ggs Zeit)

15. Stelle f (in einem Buch etc):

lose one’s place die Seite verblättern oder verschlagen;

I’ve lost my place auch ich weiß nicht mehr, wo (an welcher Stelle) ich war;

the audience laughed in the right places an den richtigen Stellen

16. MATH (Dezimal) Stelle f:

of many places vielstellig;

place value Stellenwert m

17. Platz m, Stelle f (in einer Reihenfolge):

in the first place

a) an erster Stelle, erstens, zuerst, als Erst(er, e, es),

b) in erster Linie,

c) überhaupt (erst),

d) ursprünglich;

why did you do it in the first place? warum haben Sie es überhaupt getan?;

you should not have done it in the first place Sie hätten es von vornherein bleiben lassen sollen;

why didn’t you admit it in the first place? warum hast du es nicht gleich zugegeben?;

in the last place an letzter Stelle, zuletzt, als letzt(er, e, es); schließlich; → second¹ A 1

18. SPORT etc Platz m:

in third place auf dem dritten Platz;

take third place den dritten Platz belegen; → second¹ A 1

19. (Sitz)Platz m, Sitz m:

take your places nehmen Sie Ihre Plätze ein!

20. a) (An)Stellung f, (Arbeits)Stelle f, Posten m:

out of place stellenlos

b) UNIV Studienplatz m

21. Amt n:

a) Dienst m:

in place im Amt (Minister etc), im Staatsdienst

b) fig Aufgabe f, Pflicht f:

it is not my place to do this es ist nicht meine Aufgabe, dies zu tun

22. (soziale) Stellung, Stand m, Rang m:

in high places an hoher Stelle;

persons in high places hochstehende Persönlichkeiten

23. fig Grund m:

there’s no place for doubt es besteht kein Grund zu zweifeln

B v/t

1. stellen, setzen, legen (alle auch fig):

place together Tische etc zusammenstellen;

place a call ein (Telefon)Gespräch anmelden;

place a coffin einen Sarg aufbahren;

place in order zurechtstellen, ordnen;

place sb in a difficult place jemanden in eine schwierige Lage bringen;

he places hono(u)r above wealth ihm ist Ehre wichtiger als Reichtum;

place on record aufzeichnen, (schriftlich) festhalten;

he placed a ring on her finger er steckte ihr einen Ring an den Finger; (siehe die Verbindungen mit den entsprechenden Substantiven);

the referee was well placed SPORT der Schiedsrichter stand günstig

2. Posten etc aufstellen:

place o.s. sich aufstellen oder postieren

3. I can’t place him ich weiß nicht, wo ich ihn unterbringen oder wohin ich ihn tun soll (woher ich ihn kenne)

4. einen Wohnungssuchenden etc unterbringen ( with bei), einen Arbeitssuchenden auch vermitteln

5. jemanden ein-, anstellen

6. jemanden ernennen oder in ein Amt einsetzen

7. (der Lage nach) näher bestimmen

8. WIRTSCH

a) eine Anleihe, Kapital unterbringen

b) (with) Aufträge erteilen (dat), vergeben (an akk), eine Bestellung aufgeben (bei)

c) einen Vertrag, eine Versicherung abschließen:

place an issue eine Emission unterbringen oder platzieren

9. Ware absetzen

10. a) be placed SPORT sich platzieren, platziert sein, unter den ersten drei sein:

be placed 6th sich an 6. Stelle platzieren

b) how are you placed for money? bes Br wie sieht es bei dir finanziell aus?

11. SPORT

a) den Ball platzieren

b) Rugby: ein Tor mit einem Platztritt schießen

12. ELEK schalten:

place in parallel parallel schalten

C v/i SPORT US

a) → B 10 a

b) den zweiten Platz belegen

pl. abk

1. place Pl.

2. plate

3. plural Pl.

* * *
1. noun
1) Ort, der; (spot) Stelle, die; Platz, der

I left it in a safe place — ich habe es an einem sicheren Ort gelassen

it was still in the same place — es war noch an derselben Stelle od. am selben Platz

a place in the queue — ein Platz in der Schlange

all over the place — überall; (coll.): (in a mess) ganz durcheinander (ugs.)

from place to place — von Ort zu Ort

in places — hier und da; (in parts) stellenweise

find a place in something — (be included) in etwas (Akk.) eingehen; see also take 1. 4)

2) (fig.): (rank, position) Stellung, die

put somebody in his place — jemanden in seine Schranken weisen

know one's place — wissen, was sich für einen gehört

it's not my place to do that — es kommt mir nicht zu, das zu tun

3) (building or area for specific purpose)

a [good] place to park/to stop — ein [guter] Platz zum Parken/eine [gute] Stelle zum Halten

do you know a good/cheap place to eat? — weißt du, wo man gut/billig essen kann?

place of residence — Wohnort, der

place of work — Arbeitsplatz, der; Arbeitsstätte, die

place of worship — Andachtsort, der

4) (country, town) Ort, der

Paris/Italy is a great place — Paris ist eine tolle Stadt/Italien ist ein tolles Land (ugs.)

place of birth — Geburtsort, der

go places — (coll.) herumkommen (ugs.); (fig.) es [im Leben] zu was bringen (ugs.)

5) (coll.): (premises) Bude, die (ugs.); (hotel, restaurant, etc.) Laden, der (ugs.)

she is at his/John's place — sie ist bei ihm/John

[shall we go to] your place or mine? — [gehen wir] zu dir oder zu mir?

6) (seat etc.) [Sitz]platz, der

change places [with somebody] — [mit jemandem] die Plätze tauschen; (fig.) [mit jemandem] tauschen

lay a/another place — ein/noch ein Gedeck auflegen

is this anyone's place? — ist dieser Platz noch frei?

7) (in book etc.) Stelle, die

lose one's place — die Seite verschlagen od. verblättern; (on page) nicht mehr wissen, an welcher Stelle man ist

8) (step, stage)

in the first place — zuerst

why didn't you say so in the first place? — warum hast du das nicht gleich gesagt?

in the first/second/third etc. place — erstens/zweitens/drittens usw.

9) (proper place) Platz, der

everything fell into place — (fig.) alles wurde klar

a woman's place is in the home — eine Frau gehört ins Haus

the clamp is properly in place — die Klammer sitzt richtig

into place — fest[nageln, -schrauben, -kleben]

out of place — nicht am richtigen Platz; (several things) in Unordnung; (fig.) fehl am Platz

take the place of somebody — jemandes Platz einnehmen

10) (position in competition) Platz, der

take first/second etc. place — den ersten/zweiten usw. Platz belegen

11) (job, position, etc.) Stelle, die; (as pupil; in team, crew) Platz, der

12) (personal situation)

what would you do in my place? — was würden Sie an meiner Stelle tun?

put yourself in my place — versetzen Sie sich in meine Lage
2. transitive verb
1) (put) (vertically) stellen; (horizontally) legen

place in position — richtig hinstellen/hinlegen

place an announcement/advertisement in a paper — eine Anzeige/ein Inserat in eine Zeitung setzen

place a bet — auf ein Pferd wetten

2) (fig.)

place one's trust in somebody/something — sein Vertrauen auf od. in jemanden/etwas setzen

he places happiness above all other things — Glück steht für ihn an erster Stelle

3) in p.p. (situated) gelegen

a badly placed window — ein Fenster an einer ungünstigen Stelle

we are well placed for buses/shops — etc. wir haben es nicht weit zur Bushaltestelle/zum Einkaufen usw.

how are you placed for time/money? — (coll.) wie steht's mit deiner Zeit/deinem Geld?

4) (find situation or home for) unterbringen ( with bei)

place somebody under somebody's care — jemanden in jemandes Obhut geben

5) (class, identify) einordnen; einstufen

I've seen him before but I can't place him — ich habe ihn schon einmal gesehen, aber ich weiß nicht, wo ich ihn unterbringen soll

be placed second in the race — im Rennen den zweiten Platz belegen

* * *

n.

Ort -e m.

Ortschaft f.

Platzierung f.

Plazierung (alt.Rechtschreibung) f.

Plazierung f.

Stelle -n f.

Stätte -n f. v.

platzieren v.

plazieren (alt.Rechtschreibung) v.

English-german dictionary > place
18 put

1. transitive verb,
-tt-, put

1) (place) tun; (vertically) stellen; (horizontally) legen; (through or into narrow opening) stecken

put plates on the table — Teller auf den Tisch stellen

put clean sheets on the bed — das Bett frisch beziehen

don't put your elbows on the table — lass deine Ellbogen vom Tisch

I put my hand on his shoulder — ich legte meine Hand auf seine Schulter

put a stamp on the letter — eine Briefmarke auf den Brief kleben

put salt on one's food — Salz auf sein Essen tun od. streuen

put some more coal on the fire — Kohle nachlegen

put the letter in an envelope/the letter box — den Brief in einen Umschlag/in den Briefkasten stecken

put something in one's pocket — etwas in die Tasche stecken

put one's hands in one's pockets — die Hände in die Taschen stecken

put sugar in one's tea — sich (Dat.) Zucker in den Tee tun

put petrol in the tank — Benzin in den Tank tun od. füllen

put the car in[to] the garage — das Auto in die Garage stellen

put the cork in the bottle — die Flasche mit dem Korken verschließen

put the plug in the socket — den Stecker in die Steckdose stecken

put the ball into the net/over the bar — den Ball ins Netz befördern od. setzen/über die Latte befördern

put one's arm round somebody's waist — den Arm um jemandes Taille legen

put a bandage round one's wrist — sich (Dat.) einen Verband ums Handgelenk legen

put one's hands over one's eyes — sich (Dat.) die Hände auf die Augen legen

put one's finger to one's lips — den od. seinen Finger auf die Lippen legen

put the boxes one on top of the other — die Kisten übereinander stellen

put the jacket on its hanger — die Jacke auf den Bügel tun od. hängen

where shall I put it? — wohin soll ich es tun (ugs.) /stellen/legen usw.?; wo soll ich es hintun (ugs.) /-stellen/-legen usw.?

put somebody into a taxi — jemanden in ein Taxi setzen

we put our guest in Peter's room — wir haben unseren Gast in Peters Zimmer (Dat.) untergebracht

put the baby in the pram — das Baby in den Kinderwagen legen od. (ugs.) stecken

not know where to put oneself — (fig.) sehr verlegen sein/werden

put it there! — (coll.) lass mich deine Hand schütteln!

2) (cause to enter) stoßen

put a satellite into orbit — einen Satelliten in eine Umlaufbahn bringen

3) (bring into specified state) setzen

put through Parliament — im Parlament durchbringen [Gesetzentwurf usw.]

be put in a difficult etc. position — in eine schwierige usw. Lage geraten

be put into power — an die Macht kommen

put somebody on the committee — jemanden in den Ausschuss schicken

put something above or before something — (fig.) einer Sache (Dat.) den Vorrang vor etwas (Dat.) geben

be put out of order — kaputtgehen (ugs.)

put somebody on to something — (fig.) jemanden auf etwas (Akk.) hinweisen od. aufmerksam machen

put somebody on to a job — (assign) jemandem eine Arbeit zuweisen

4) (impose)

put a limit/an interpretation on something — etwas begrenzen od. beschränken/interpretieren

5) (submit) unterbreiten (to Dat.) [Vorschlag, Plan usw.]

put the situation to somebody — jemandem die Situation darstellen

put something to the vote — über etwas (Akk.) abstimmen lassen

6) (cause to go or do)

put somebody to work — jemanden arbeiten lassen

be put out of the game by an injury — wegen einer Verletzung nicht mehr spielen können

put somebody on antibiotics — jemanden auf Antibiotika setzen

put somebody on the stage — jemanden zur Bühne schicken

7) (express) ausdrücken

let's put it like this:... — sagen wir so:...

that's one way of putting it — (also iron.) so kann man es [natürlich] auch ausdrücken

8) (render)

put something into English — etwas ins Englische übertragen od. übersetzen

put something into words — etwas in Worte fassen

9) (write) schreiben

put one's name on the list — seinen Namen auf die Liste setzen

put a tick in the box — ein Häkchen in das Kästchen machen

put one's signature to something — seine Unterschrift unter etwas (Akk.) setzen

put something on the bill — etwas auf die Rechnung setzen

put something on the list — (fig.) sich (Dat.) etwas [fest] vornehmen; etwas vormerken

10) (imagine)

put oneself in somebody's place or situation — sich in jemandes Lage versetzen

11) (invest)

put money etc. into something — Geld usw. in etwas (Akk.) stecken

put work/time/effort into something — Arbeit/Zeit/Energie in etwas (Akk.) stecken

12) (stake) setzen (on auf + Akk.)

put money on a horse/on something happening — auf ein Pferd setzen/darauf wetten, dass etwas passiert

13) (estimate)

put somebody/something at — jemanden/etwas schätzen auf (+ Akk.)

14) (subject)

put somebody to — jemandem [Unkosten, Mühe, Umstände] verursachen od. machen

15) (Athletics): (throw) stoßen [Kugel]

put the shot — kugelstoßen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, put (Naut.)

put [out] to sea — in See stechen

put into port — [in den Hafen] einlaufen

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/59262/put_about">put about

- put across

- put aside

- put away

- put back

- put by

- put down

- put forward

- put in

- put off

- put on

- put out

- put over

- put through

- put together

- put up

- put upon

- put up with

* * *
[put]
present participle - putting; verb

1) (to place in a certain position or situation: He put the plate in the cupboard; Did you put any sugar in my coffee?; He put his arm round her; I'm putting a new lock on the door; You're putting too much strain on that rope; When did the Russians first put a man into space?; You've put me in a bad temper; Can you put (=translate) this sentence into French?)

2) (to submit or present (a proposal, question etc): I put several questions to him; She put her ideas before the committee.) formulieren

3) (to express in words: He put his refusal very politely; Children sometimes have such a funny way of putting things!) ausdrücken

4) (to write down: I'm trying to write a letter to her, but I don't know what to put.) schreiben

5) (to sail in a particular direction: We put out to sea; The ship put into harbour for repairs.) fahren

•

- put-on
- a put-up job
- put about
- put across/over
- put aside
- put away
- put back
- put by
- put down
- put down for
- put one's feet up
- put forth
- put in
- put in for
- put off
- put on
- put out
- put through
- put together
- put up
- put up to
- put up with
* * *

put

<-tt-, put, put>

[pʊt]

I. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (place)

▪ to \put sth somewhere etw irgendwohin stellen [o setzen]; (lay down) etw irgendwohin legen; (push in) etw irgendwohin stecken

they \put a horseshoe above [or over] their door sie brachten ein Hufeisen über ihrer Tür an

he was \put up against the wall man stellte ihn an die Wand

he looked at the pile of work his boss had \put before him er sah sich den Haufen Arbeit an, den seine Chefin ihm hingelegt hatte

you've got to \put the past behind you du musst die Vergangenheit vergangen seinlassen [o begraben]

\put your clothes in the closet häng deine Kleider in den Schrank

he \put his hands in his pockets er steckte die Hände in die Taschen

she \put some milk in her coffee sie gab etwas Milch in ihren Kaffee

to \put the ball in the net (tennis) den Ball ins Netz schlagen; (football) den Ball ins Netz spielen

this \puts me in a very difficult position das bringt mich in eine schwierige Situation

I \put my complete confidence in him ich setze mein volles Vertrauen auf ihn [o in ihn]

to \put oneself in sb's place [or position] [or shoes] sich akk in jds Situation versetzen

\put the cake into the oven schieb den Kuchen in den Backofen

they \put the plug into the socket sie steckten den Stecker in die Steckdose

he \put salt into the sugar bowl by mistake er hat aus Versehen Salz in die Zuckerdose gefüllt

they \put him into a cell sie brachten ihn in eine Zelle

to \put sth into storage etw einlagern

to \put a child into care ein Kind in Pflege geben

to \put sb into a home jdn in ein Heim stecken

to \put sb in[to] prison jdn ins Gefängnis bringen

to \put fear into sb's heart jdn ängstigen, jdm Angst machen

to \put an idea in[to] sb's head jdn auf eine Idee bringen

whatever \put that idea into your head? wie kommst du denn darauf?

to \put one's ideas into practice seine Ideen in die Praxis umsetzen

Sam will eat anything you \put in front of him Sam isst alles, was man ihm vorsetzt

\put the soup spoons next to the knives leg die Suppenlöffel neben die Messer

we should \put my mum next to Mrs Larson wir sollten meine Mutter neben Frau Larson setzen

she \put her coffee cup on the table sie stellte ihre Kaffeetasse auf den Tisch

do you know how to \put a saddle on a horse? weißt du, wie man ein Pferd sattelt?

I \put clean sheets on the bed ich habe das Bett frisch bezogen

he \put his head on my shoulder er legte seinen Kopf auf meine Schulter

you can't \put a value on friendship Freundschaft lässt sich nicht mit Geld bezahlen

to \put the emphasis on sth den Schwerpunkt auf etw akk legen, etw betonen

a price of £10,000 was \put on the car das Auto wurde mit 10.000 Pfund veranschlagt

she \put her arm round him sie legte ihren Arm um ihn

he \put his head round the door er steckte den Kopf zur Tür herein

he \put his finger to his lips to call for silence er hielt seinen Finger vor die Lippen und bat um Ruhe

to \put a glass to one's lips ein Glas zum Mund führen

she \put the shell to her ear sie hielt sich die Muschel ans Ohr

to \put sb to bed jdn ins Bett bringen

he was \put under the care of his aunt er wurde in die Obhut seiner Tante gegeben

I didn't know where to \put myself ich wusste nicht wohin mit mir

to \put sb/sth in jeopardy jdn/etw in Gefahr bringen

to \put sb in a rage jdn wütend machen

this \puts me in a very difficult position das bringt mich in eine sehr schwierige Situation

he was able to \put them in a good mood er konnte sie aufheitern

to stay \put person sich nicht von der Stelle rühren; object liegen/stehen/hängen bleiben; hair halten

\put it there! (congratulating) gratuliere!; (concluding a deal) abgemacht!

to \put the shot SPORT Kugel stoßen

2. (invest)

to \put effort/energy/money/time into sth Mühe/Energie/Geld/Zeit in etw akk stecken [o investieren]

we \put most of the profits towards research wir verwenden den Großteil der Gewinne für die Forschung

everyone could \put £3 towards a new coffee machine jeder könnte 3 Pfund zum Kauf einer neuen Kaffeemaschine dazugeben

to \put money into an account Geld auf ein Konto einzahlen

she \put money on a horse sie setzte auf ein Pferd

we \put back all our profits into the company all unsere Gewinne fließen in die Firma zurück

3. (impose)

to \put the blame on sb jdm die Schuld geben

to \put sb to great cost [or expense] jdn viel kosten, jdm große Ausgaben verursachen

to \put demands upon sb von jdm etwas verlangen

to \put an embargo on sth ein Embargo über etw akk verhängen

to \put an embargo on trade ein Handelsembargo verhängen

to \put faith [or trust] in sth sein Vertrauen in etw akk setzen

to \put the heat [or screws] on sb for sth (sl) jdm wegen einer S. gen die Hölle heißmachen fam

to \put sb under oath jdn vereidigen

to \put a premium on sth etw hoch einschätzen

to \put pressure on sb jdn unter Druck setzen

to \put sb under pressure [or strain] jdn unter Druck setzen

to \put a restriction [or limitation] on sth etw einschränken

to \put a spell [or curse] on sb jdn verwünschen [o verfluchen]

the children were \put on their best behaviour den Kindern wurde gesagt, dass sie sich ja gut zu benehmen haben

to \put a tax on sth etw besteuern [o mit einer Steuer belegen]

to \put sb/sth to the test jdn/etw auf die Probe stellen; (put a strain on) jdn/etw strapazieren

to \put sb on trial jdn vor Gericht bringen

to \put sb to a lot of trouble jdm viel Mühe bereiten [o machen

4. (present)

to \put a case to [or before] a judge einen Fall vor Gericht bringen

to \put sth to a discussion etw zur Diskussion stellen

to \put an idea [or a suggestion] to sb jdm etw vorschlagen

to \put one's point of view seinen Standpunkt darlegen

to \put a problem to sb jdm ein Problem darlegen

to \put a proposal before a committee einem Ausschuss einen Vorschlag unterbreiten

to \put a question to sb jdm eine Frage stellen

to \put sth to a vote etw zur Abstimmung bringen

5. (include)

▪ to \put sth in[to] sth etw in etw akk o dat aufnehmen, etw in etw akk einfügen

to \put sth on the agenda etw auf die Tagesordnung setzen; FOOD (add)

\put some more salt in füge noch etwas Salz hinzu

6. (indicating change of condition)

she always \puts her guests at ease right away sie schafft es immer, dass ihre Gäste sich sofort wohl fühlen

to \put sb at risk [or in danger] jdn in Gefahr bringen

to \put sb in a good/bad mood jds Laune heben/verderben

to \put one's affairs in order seine Angelegenheiten in Ordnung bringen

to \put a plan into operation einen Plan in die Tat umsetzen

to \put sth out of order etw kaputtmachen fam

to \put sb/an animal out of his/its misery jdn/ein Tier von seinen Qualen erlösen

to \put sb to death jdn hinrichten

to \put sb to flight jdn in die Flucht schlagen

to \put sb to shame jdn beschämen

to \put a stop [or an end] to sth etw beenden

to \put sb under arrest jdn unter Arrest stellen

to \put sb under hypnosis jdn hypnotisieren

to \put sth right etw in Ordnung bringen

to \put sb straight jdn korrigieren

to \put sb out of the competition jdn aus dem Rennen werfen

7. (express)

▪ to \put sth etw ausdrücken

let me \put it this way lass es mich so sagen

how should I \put it? wie soll ich mich ausdrücken?

to \put it bluntly um es deutlich zu sagen

to \put it mildly, we were shocked at your behaviour wir waren, gelinde gesagt, geschockt über dein Verhalten

that's \putting it mildly das ist ja noch milde ausgedrückt

as Shakespeare \put it wie Shakespeare schon sagte

she didn't know how to \put her thoughts into words sie wusste nicht, wie sie ihre Gedanken in Worte fassen sollte

\putting Shakespeare into modern English is difficult Shakespeare in zeitgenössisches Englisch zu übertragen ist schwierig

she really \puts passion into her performance sie steckt viel Leidenschaftlichkeit in ihren Vortrag

to \put one's feelings into words seine Gefühle ausdrücken

to \put a verb into the past tense ein Verb in die Vergangenheit setzen

8. (write)

to \put a cross/tick next to sth etw ankreuzen/abhaken

to \put one's signature to sth seine Unterschrift unter etw setzen

please \put your signature here bitte unterschreiben Sie hier

9. (estimate, value)

I wouldn't \put him among the best film directors ich würde ihn nicht zu den besten Regisseuren zählen

she \puts her job above everything else für sie geht ihr Beruf allem anderen vor, sie stellt ihren Beruf vor allem anderen

▪ to \put sb/sth at sth jdn/etw auf etw akk schätzen

I'd \put him at about 50 ich schätze ihn auf ungefähr 50

▪ to \put sb/sth in sth jdn/etw in etw akk einordnen

I would \put her in her 50s ich würde sie so in den Fünfzigern schätzen

to \put sb/sth in a category jdn/etw in eine Kategorie einordnen

it can't be \put in the same category as a Rolls Royce man kann es nicht auf eine Stufe mit einem Rolls Royce stellen

to \put sb/sth on a level [or par] with sb/sth jdn/etw auf eine Stufe mit jdm/etw stellen

to \put a value of £10,000 on sth den Wert einer S. gen auf 10.000 Pfund schätzen

10. (direct)

▪ to \put sb onto sth/sb jdn auf etw/jdn aufmerksam machen

the phone book \put me onto the dentist durch das Telefonbuch kam ich auf den Zahnarzt

they \put three people on the job sie setzen drei Leute ein für diesen Job

to \put sb to do sth [or doing sth] jdn abordnen, etw zu tun

11. (see someone off)

▪ to \put sb on sth jdn zu etw dat bringen

he \put his girlfriend on the plane er brachte seine Freundin zum Flugzeug

to \put sb onto the bus jdn zum Bus bringen

to \put sb in a taxi jdn in ein Taxi setzen

12. (install)

▪ to \put sth into sth MECH etw in etw akk einsetzen

to \put heating/a kitchen into a house eine Heizung/Küche in einem Haus installieren

we \put a new hard drive on our computer wir haben eine neue Festplatte in unseren Computer eingebaut

13. MED (prescribe)

▪ to \put sb on sth jdm etw verschreiben

the doctor has \put her on a strict diet der Arzt hat ihr eine strenge Diät verordnet

II. INTRANSITIVE VERB

NAUT anlegen, vor Anker gehen

to \put into the dock am Dock anlegen, vor Anker gehen

to \put into Hamburg/harbour in Hamburg/in den Hafen einlaufen

to \put to sea in See stechen

III. NOUN

STOCKEX Verkaufsoption f

* * *

put [pʊt]

A s

1. besonders Kugelstoßen: Stoß m

2. Börse: Rückprämie f (beim Prämiengeschäft): → put and call (option)

B adj stay put umg sich nicht (vom Fleck) rühren

C v/t prät und pperf put

1. legen, stellen, setzen, tun:

put it on the table leg es auf den Tisch;

I shall put the matter before him ich werde ihm die Sache vorlegen;

put the matter in(to) his hands leg die Angelegenheit in seine Hände;

I put him above his brother ich stelle ihn über seinen Bruder;

put sb on a job jemanden an eine Arbeit setzen, jemanden mit einer Arbeit betrauen;

put eleven men behind the ball FUSSB die ganze Mannschaft defensiv spielen lassen;

his time put him in 3rd place SPORT seine Zeit brachte ihn auf den 3. Platz; → a. die Verbindungen mit den entsprechenden Substantiven

2. stecken (in one’s pocket in die Tasche):

put a lot of work into viel Arbeit stecken in (akk)

3. jemanden ins Bett, in eine unangenehme Lage etc, etwas auf den Markt, in Ordnung etc bringen:

he put her across the river er brachte oder beförderte sie über den Fluss;

put the cow to the bull die Kuh zum Stier bringen;

put into shape in (die richtige) Form bringen;

put sth on paper etwas zu Papier bringen; → mind A 2, right A 5

4. etwas in Kraft, in Umlauf, in Gang etc, jemanden in Besitz, ins Unrecht, über ein Land etc setzen:

put o.s. in a good light sich ins rechte Licht setzen;

put the case that … gesetzt den Fall, dass …; → action 1, 2, end Bes Redew, foot A 1, place A 3, trust A 1

5. put o.s. sich in jemandes Hände etc begeben:

put o.s. under sb’s care sich in jemandes Obhut begeben;

put yourself in(to) my hands vertraue dich mir ganz an

6. unterwerfen, aussetzen ( beide:

to dat):

I have put you through a lot ich habe dir viel zugemutet; → death 1, expense Bes Redew, inconvenience A 2, question A 6, shame A 2, sword, test¹ A 2

7. put out of aus … hinausstellen, verdrängen oder werfen aus, außer Betrieb od Gefecht etc setzen: → action 13, running A 2

8. Land bepflanzen (into, under mit) the fields were put under potatoes auf den Feldern wurden Kartoffeln gepflanzt

9. (to) setzen (an akk), (an)treiben oder drängen oder zwingen (zu):

put sb to work jemanden an die Arbeit setzen, jemanden arbeiten lassen;

put to school zur Schule schicken;

put to trade jemanden ein Handwerk lernen lassen;

put sb to a joiner jemanden bei einem Schreiner in die Lehre geben;

put the horse to ( oder at) the fence das Pferd zum Sprung über den Zaun antreiben;

put sb to it jemandem zusetzen, jemanden bedrängen;

be hard put to it arg bedrängt werden, in große Bedrängnis kommen;

they were hard put to it to find a house sie taten sich schwer, ein Haus zu finden;

put sb through a book jemanden zum Durchlesen oder -arbeiten eines Buches zwingen;

put sb through it jemanden auf Herz und Nieren prüfen; → blush B 1, flight², pace¹ A 5

10. veranlassen, verlocken ( beide:

on, to zu)

11. in Furcht, Wut etc versetzen:

put sb in fear of their life jemandem eine Todesangst einjagen; → countenance A 2, ease A 2, guard C 4, mettle 2, temper A 4

12. übersetzen, -tragen ( beide:

into French ins Französische)

13. (un)klar etc ausdrücken, klug etc formulieren, in Worte fassen:

I cannot put it into words ich kann es nicht in Worte fassen;

put one’s feelings into words seine Gefühle aussprechen;

how shall I put it? wie soll ich mich oder es ausdrücken?;

put another way anders gesagt oder ausgedrückt, mit anderen Worten; → mild 1

14. schätzen (at auf akk):

I put his income at £100,000 a year

15. (to) verwenden (für), anwenden (zu):

put sth to a good use etwas gut verwenden

16. eine Entscheidung etc gründen (on auf akk)

17. eine Frage, einen Antrag etc stellen, vorlegen:

I put it to you

a) ich appelliere an Sie, ich wende mich an Sie,

b) ich stelle es Ihnen anheim;

I put it to you that … besonders JUR ich halte Ihnen vor, dass …; geben Sie zu, dass …

18. Geld setzen, wetten ( beide:

on auf akk)

19. (into) Geld stecken (in akk), anlegen (in dat), investieren (in dat)

20. (on) eine Steuer etc auferlegen (dat), legen (auf akk):

put a tax on sth etwas besteuern

21. die Schuld zuschieben, geben ( beide:

on dat)

22. die Uhr stellen

23. (in, into) hinzufügen (dat), (hinein)tun, geben (in akk):

put sugar in one’s coffee Zucker in seinen Kaffee tun

24. besonders SPORT die Kugel, den Stein stoßen

25. schleudern, werfen

26. eine Waffe stoßen, eine Kugel schießen ( beide:

in, into in akk)

27. put one across sb umg jemanden drankriegen oder reinlegen

D v/i

1. sich begeben, fahren, gehen, besonders eilen ( alle:

for nach):

put to land an Land gehen;

put for home US umg sich heimtrollen; → sea 1

2. SCHIFF segeln, steuern, fahren

3. US münden, sich ergießen, fließen ( alle:

into in akk)

4. put upon (meist passiv)

a) jemandem zusetzen, jemanden bedrängen,

b) jemanden ausnutzen, -nützen,

c) jemanden betrügen

* * *
1. transitive verb,
-tt-, put

1) (place) tun; (vertically) stellen; (horizontally) legen; (through or into narrow opening) stecken

put plates on the table — Teller auf den Tisch stellen

put clean sheets on the bed — das Bett frisch beziehen

don't put your elbows on the table — lass deine Ellbogen vom Tisch

I put my hand on his shoulder — ich legte meine Hand auf seine Schulter

put a stamp on the letter — eine Briefmarke auf den Brief kleben

put salt on one's food — Salz auf sein Essen tun od. streuen

put some more coal on the fire — Kohle nachlegen

put the letter in an envelope/the letter box — den Brief in einen Umschlag/in den Briefkasten stecken

put something in one's pocket — etwas in die Tasche stecken

put one's hands in one's pockets — die Hände in die Taschen stecken

put sugar in one's tea — sich (Dat.) Zucker in den Tee tun

put petrol in the tank — Benzin in den Tank tun od. füllen

put the car in[to] the garage — das Auto in die Garage stellen

put the cork in the bottle — die Flasche mit dem Korken verschließen

put the plug in the socket — den Stecker in die Steckdose stecken

put the ball into the net/over the bar — den Ball ins Netz befördern od. setzen/über die Latte befördern

put one's arm round somebody's waist — den Arm um jemandes Taille legen

put a bandage round one's wrist — sich (Dat.) einen Verband ums Handgelenk legen

put one's hands over one's eyes — sich (Dat.) die Hände auf die Augen legen

put one's finger to one's lips — den od. seinen Finger auf die Lippen legen

put the boxes one on top of the other — die Kisten übereinander stellen

put the jacket on its hanger — die Jacke auf den Bügel tun od. hängen

where shall I put it? — wohin soll ich es tun (ugs.) /stellen/legen usw.?; wo soll ich es hintun (ugs.) /-stellen/-legen usw.?

put somebody into a taxi — jemanden in ein Taxi setzen

we put our guest in Peter's room — wir haben unseren Gast in Peters Zimmer (Dat.) untergebracht

put the baby in the pram — das Baby in den Kinderwagen legen od. (ugs.) stecken

not know where to put oneself — (fig.) sehr verlegen sein/werden

put it there! — (coll.) lass mich deine Hand schütteln!

2) (cause to enter) stoßen

put a satellite into orbit — einen Satelliten in eine Umlaufbahn bringen

3) (bring into specified state) setzen

put through Parliament — im Parlament durchbringen [Gesetzentwurf usw.]

be put in a difficult etc. position — in eine schwierige usw. Lage geraten

be put into power — an die Macht kommen

put somebody on the committee — jemanden in den Ausschuss schicken

put something above or before something — (fig.) einer Sache (Dat.) den Vorrang vor etwas (Dat.) geben

be put out of order — kaputtgehen (ugs.)

put somebody on to something — (fig.) jemanden auf etwas (Akk.) hinweisen od. aufmerksam machen

put somebody on to a job — (assign) jemandem eine Arbeit zuweisen

4) (impose)

put a limit/an interpretation on something — etwas begrenzen od. beschränken/interpretieren

5) (submit) unterbreiten (to Dat.) [Vorschlag, Plan usw.]

put the situation to somebody — jemandem die Situation darstellen

put something to the vote — über etwas (Akk.) abstimmen lassen

6) (cause to go or do)

put somebody to work — jemanden arbeiten lassen

be put out of the game by an injury — wegen einer Verletzung nicht mehr spielen können

put somebody on antibiotics — jemanden auf Antibiotika setzen

put somebody on the stage — jemanden zur Bühne schicken

7) (express) ausdrücken

let's put it like this:... — sagen wir so:...

that's one way of putting it — (also iron.) so kann man es [natürlich] auch ausdrücken

8) (render)

put something into English — etwas ins Englische übertragen od. übersetzen

put something into words — etwas in Worte fassen

9) (write) schreiben

put one's name on the list — seinen Namen auf die Liste setzen

put a tick in the box — ein Häkchen in das Kästchen machen

put one's signature to something — seine Unterschrift unter etwas (Akk.) setzen

put something on the bill — etwas auf die Rechnung setzen

put something on the list — (fig.) sich (Dat.) etwas [fest] vornehmen; etwas vormerken

10) (imagine)

put oneself in somebody's place or situation — sich in jemandes Lage versetzen

11) (invest)

put money etc. into something — Geld usw. in etwas (Akk.) stecken

put work/time/effort into something — Arbeit/Zeit/Energie in etwas (Akk.) stecken

12) (stake) setzen (on auf + Akk.)

put money on a horse/on something happening — auf ein Pferd setzen/darauf wetten, dass etwas passiert

13) (estimate)

put somebody/something at — jemanden/etwas schätzen auf (+ Akk.)

14) (subject)

put somebody to — jemandem [Unkosten, Mühe, Umstände] verursachen od. machen

15) (Athletics): (throw) stoßen [Kugel]

put the shot — kugelstoßen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, put (Naut.)

put [out] to sea — in See stechen

put into port — [in den Hafen] einlaufen

Phrasal Verbs:

- put about

- put across

- put aside

- put away

- put back

- put by

- put down

- put forward

- put in

- put off

- put on

- put out

- put over

- put through

- put together

- put up

- put upon

- put up with

* * *

(clamp) the lid on something (US) expr.

gegen etwas scharf vorgehen ausdr.

sperren v. (take) into care expr.

in Pflege geben (nehmen) ausdr. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: put)

= ausgeben v.

legen v.

setzen v.

stellen v.

English-german dictionary > put
19 put

put [pʊt]

mettre ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c)-(f), 1 (i) dire ⇒ 1 (g) soumettre ⇒ 1 (h) placer ⇒ 1 (i), 1 (l) investir ⇒ 1 (k), 1 (l) miser ⇒ 1 (m)

(pt & pp put, cont putting)

1 transitive verb

(a) (into specified place or position) mettre;

∎ put the saucepan on the shelf mets la casserole sur l'étagère;

∎ she put her hand on my shoulder elle a mis sa main sur mon épaule;

∎ put the chairs nearer the table approche les chaises de la table;

∎ he put his arm around my shoulders il passa son bras autour de mes épaules;

∎ she put her arms around him elle l'a pris dans ses bras;

∎ to put one's head round the door/through the window passer la tête par la porte/par la fenêtre;

∎ did you put any salt in? as-tu mis du sel (dedans)?;

∎ put some more water on to boil remettez de l'eau à chauffer;

∎ he put another brick on the pile il a mis une autre brique sur la pile;

∎ to put a coin/a letter/a gun into sb's hand glisser ou mettre une pièce/une lettre/un revolver dans la main de qn;

∎ she put a match to the wood elle a allumé le bois;

∎ to put an advert in the paper mettre une annonce dans le journal;

∎ they want to put me in an old folks' home ils veulent me mettre dans une maison pour les vieux;

∎ to put a child to bed mettre un enfant au lit, coucher un enfant;

∎ to put a man on the moon envoyer un homme sur la lune;

∎ he put the telescope to his eye il a porté la longue-vue à son œil;

∎ to put honour before riches préférer l'honneur à l'argent;

∎ to put a play on the stage monter une pièce;

∎ to put a guard on the door faire surveiller la porte;

∎ figurative I didn't know where to put myself! je ne savais plus où me mettre!;

∎ put yourself in my position or place mettez-vous à ma place;

∎ to put oneself into sb's hands s'en remettre à qn;

∎ put it out of your mind or head sors-le-toi de la tête;

∎ I had long put this thought out of my mind ça faisait longtemps que je m'étais sorti cette idée de la tête;

∎ we put a lot of emphasis on creativity nous mettons beaucoup l'accent sur la créativité;

∎ don't put too much trust in what he says ne te fie pas trop à ce qu'il dit;

∎ familiar put it there! (shake hands) tope-là!, serrons-nous la pince!

(b) (push or send forcefully)

∎ he put his fist through the window il a passé son poing à travers le carreau;

∎ he put a bullet through his head il s'est mis une balle dans la tête;

∎ she put her pen through the whole paragraph elle a rayé tout le paragraphe d'un coup de stylo

(c) (impose → limit, responsibility, tax) mettre;

∎ to put a ban on sth interdire qch;

∎ it puts an extra burden on our department c'est un fardeau de plus pour notre service;

∎ the new tax will put 5p on a packet of cigarettes la nouvelle taxe augmentera de 5 pence le prix d'un paquet de cigarettes

(d) (into specified state) mettre;

∎ you're putting me in an awkward position vous me mettez dans une situation délicate;

∎ I hope I've not put you to too much trouble j'espère que je ne vous ai pas trop dérangé;

∎ music always puts him in a good mood la musique le met toujours de bonne humeur;

∎ the new rules will be put into effect next month le nouveau règlement entrera en vigueur le mois prochain;

∎ to put sb out of a job mettre qn au chômage;

∎ to put a prisoner on bread and water mettre un prisonnier au pain sec et à l'eau;

∎ the money will be put to good use l'argent sera bien employé;

∎ to put sb to sleep endormir qn;

∎ euphemism the dog had to be put to sleep il a fallu piquer le chien

(e) (write down) mettre, écrire;

∎ I forgot to put my address j'ai oublié de mettre mon adresse;

∎ what date shall I put? quelle date est-ce que je mets?

(f) (bring about)

∎ to put an end or a stop to sth mettre fin ou un terme à qch

(g) (say, express) dire, exprimer;

∎ I wouldn't put it quite like that je ne dirais pas cela;

∎ I don't know how to put it je ne sais comment dire;

∎ to put one's thoughts into words exprimer sa pensée, s'exprimer;

∎ let me put it this way laissez-moi l'exprimer ainsi;

∎ it was, how shall I put it, rather long c'était, comment dirais-je, un peu long;

∎ to put it another way,… en d'autres termes,…;

∎ he put it better than that il l'a dit ou formulé mieux que ça;

∎ you could have put that better tu aurais pu tourner cela un peu mieux;

∎ she put it politely but firmly elle l'a dit poliment mais clairement;

∎ as Churchill once put it comme l'a dit Churchill un jour;

∎ to put it briefly or simply, they refused bref ou en un mot, ils ont refusé;

∎ to put it bluntly pour parler franc;

∎ putting it in terms you'll understand… plus simplement, pour que vous compreniez…

(h) (present, submit → suggestion, question) soumettre; (→ motion) proposer, présenter;

∎ to put a proposal to the board présenter une proposition au conseil d'administration;

∎ he put his case very well il a très bien présenté son cas;

∎ I have a question to put to the Prime Minister j'ai une question à soumettre au Premier ministre;

∎ Law I put it to you that… n'est-il pas vrai que…?;

∎ I put it to the delegates that now is the time to act je tiens à dire aux délégués que c'est maintenant qu'il faut agir

(i) (class, rank) placer, mettre;

∎ I wouldn't put them in the same class as the Beatles je ne les mettrais ou placerais pas dans la même catégorie que les Beatles;

∎ I put my family above my job je fais passer ma famille avant mon travail

(j) (set to work)

∎ to put sb to work mettre qn au travail;

∎ they put her on the Jones case ils l'ont mise sur l'affaire Jones

(k) (devote → effort) investir, consacrer;

∎ to put a lot of time/energy into sth consacrer beaucoup de temps/d'énergie à qch, investir beaucoup de temps/d'énergie dans qch;

∎ she puts more into their relationship than he does elle s'investit plus que lui dans leur relation;

∎ to put a lot of work into sth/doing sth beaucoup travailler à qch/pour faire qch;

∎ Sport he put everything he had into his first service il a tout mis dans son premier service

(l) (invest → money) placer, investir;

∎ she had put all her savings into property elle avait investi ou placé toutes ses économies dans l'immobilier

(m) (bet) miser, parier;

∎ to put money on a horse miser ou parier sur un cheval;

∎ he put all his winnings on the red il misa tous ses gains sur le rouge

(n) Sport

∎ to put the shot lancer le poids

(o) Nautical

∎ to put a ship into port rentrer un bateau au port

2 intransitive verb

∎ Nautical to put to sea lever l'ancre, appareiller;

∎ they had to put back into harbour ils ont dû rentrer au port;

∎ we put into port at Bombay nous avons relâché ou fait relâche à Bombay

3 noun

(a) Sport lancer m (du poids);

∎ his third put son troisième lancer

(b) Stock Exchange option f de vente, put m;

∎ put and call stellage m, double option f

►► Stock Exchange put band période f de validité d'une option de vente;

Stock Exchange put bond emprunt m à fenêtre;

Stock Exchange put option option f de vente;

Stock Exchange put warrant warrant m à la vente

➲ put about

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (spread → gossip, story) faire courir; (→ rumour) faire circuler;

∎ to put it about that… faire circuler le bruit que…;

∎ it is being put about that he intends resigning le bruit court qu'il a l'intention de démissionner

(b) Nautical

∎ to put a boat about virer de bord

(c) familiar

∎ to put it or oneself about (be promiscuous) coucher à droite à gauche

2 intransitive verb

Nautical virer de bord

➲ put across separable transitive verb

(a) (communicate → gen) faire comprendre; (→ feeling) communiquer;

∎ to put sth across to sb faire comprendre qch à qn;

∎ I don't know how to put the argument across to them je ne sais pas comment leur faire comprendre cet argument;

∎ she knows how to put her ideas across elle sait bien faire passer ses idées;

∎ she's good at putting herself across elle sait se mettre en valeur

(b) British familiar

∎ to put one across on sb avoir qn, rouler qn;

∎ don't try putting anything across on me! ne me prends pas pour un imbécile!

➲ put around separable transitive verb

= put about separable transitive verb (a)

➲ put aside separable transitive verb

(a) (book, piece of work) mettre de côté, poser

(b) (disregard, ignore) écarter, laisser de côté;

∎ let's put aside our differences of opinion for the moment laissons nos différends de côté pour le moment;

∎ put aside all gloomy thoughts oublie toutes ces pensées maussades

(c) (save, keep) mettre de côté;

∎ we have a little money put aside nous avons un peu d'argent de côté

➲ put at separable transitive verb

(estimate) estimer;

∎ they put the cost of repairs to the bridge at around $10,000 ils estiment le montant des réparations du pont à environ 10 000 dollars;

∎ I wouldn't have put her (age) at more than twenty-five je ne lui aurais pas donné plus de vingt-cinq ans;

∎ what would you put it at? quelle est votre estimation?

➲ put away separable transitive verb

(a) (tidy) ranger; (return to its place) remettre à sa place; (car) garer;

∎ put your toys away! range tes jouets!;

∎ put your money/wallet away (I'm paying) range ton argent/ton portefeuille

(b) (save) mettre de côté;

∎ I have a few pounds put away j'ai un peu d'argent de côté, j'ai quelques économies;

∎ to put something away for one's old age mettre quelque chose de côté pour sa retraite

(c) familiar (lock up → in prison) coffrer; (→ in mental home) enfermer^□

(d) familiar (eat) enfourner, s'envoyer; (drink) descendre, écluser;

∎ he can really put it away! (food) il a un sacré appétit!; (drink) qu'est-ce qu'il descend!

➲ put back

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (replace, return) remettre;

∎ put that record back where you found it! remets ce disque où tu l'as trouvé!

(b) (postpone) remettre;

∎ the meeting has been put back to Thursday la réunion a été repoussée ou remise à jeudi

(c) (slow down, delay) retarder;

∎ the strike has put our schedule back at least a month la grève nous a fait perdre au moins un mois sur notre planning

(d) (turn back → clock) retarder;

∎ we put the clocks back next weekend le week-end prochain, on passe à l'heure d'hiver;

∎ figurative this decision has put the clock back cette décision nous a ramenés en arrière

(e) familiar (drink) descendre, écluser

2 intransitive verb

∎ Nautical to put back (to port) rentrer au port

➲ put by separable transitive verb

(save → money) mettre de côté; (→ supplies) mettre en réserve;

∎ have you got anything put by? avez-vous un peu d'argent de côté?

➲ put down

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (on table, floor etc) poser;

∎ put that knife down at once! pose ce couteau tout de suite!;

∎ put me down! lâche-moi!;

∎ put that down! laisse (ça)!;

∎ to put the phone down raccrocher;

∎ he put the phone down on me il m'a raccroché au nez;

∎ it's one of those books you just can't put down c'est un de ces livres que tu ne peux pas poser avant de l'avoir fini;

∎ I couldn't put it down (book) je l'ai lu d'un trait

(b) (drop off → passenger) déposer, laisser

(c) (write down) écrire, inscrire; (enrol, enter on list) inscrire;

∎ put down your name and address écrivez votre nom et votre adresse;

∎ she put us down as Mr and Mrs Smith elle nous a inscrits sous le nom de M. et Mme Smith;

∎ it's never been put down in writing ça n'a jamais été mis par écrit;

∎ I can put it down as expenses je peux le faire passer dans mes notes de frais

(d) (on agenda) inscrire à l'ordre du jour;

∎ to put down a motion of no confidence déposer une motion de censure

(e) (quell) réprimer, étouffer;

∎ the revolt was put down by armed police la révolte a été réprimée par les forces de police

(f) (belittle) rabaisser, critiquer;

∎ he's always putting students down il passe son temps à critiquer les étudiants;

∎ you shouldn't put yourself down tu ne devrais pas te sous-estimer

(g) British euphemism (kill)

∎ to have a cat/dog put down faire piquer un chat/chien

(h) (pay as deposit) verser;

∎ I've already put £50 down on the sofa j'ai déjà versé 50 livres pour le canapé

(i) (store → wine) mettre en cave

(j) (put to bed → baby) coucher

(k) (land → plane) poser

(l) (close → umbrella) fermer

2 intransitive verb

(land → plane, pilot) atterrir, se poser

➲ put down as separable transitive verb

classer parmi;

∎ I think they'd put me down as a mere amateur je crois qu'ils me classeraient parmi les simples amateurs

➲ put down for separable transitive verb

inscrire pour;

∎ put me down for £20 inscrivez-moi pour 20 livres;

∎ I'll put you down for Thursday at three o'clock je vous mets jeudi à trois heures;

∎ they've already put their son down for public school ils ont déjà inscrit leur fils dans une école privée

➲ put down to separable transitive verb

mettre sur le compte de;

∎ you can't put all the country's problems down to inflation vous ne pouvez pas mettre tous les problèmes du pays sur le compte de l'inflation;

∎ I put it down to her stubbornness je mets ça sur le compte de son entêtement;

∎ we'll have to put it down to experience au moins on a appris quelque chose

➲ put forth inseparable transitive verb

(a) literary (sprout → shoots, leaves) produire

(b) formal (state → argument, reason) avancer

➲ put forward separable transitive verb

(a) (suggest → proposal, idea, hypothesis) avancer; (→ candidate) proposer;

∎ she put her name forward for the post of treasurer elle a posé sa candidature au poste de trésorière;

∎ to put one's best foot forward (walk faster) presser le pas; figurative se mettre en devoir de faire de son mieux

(b) (turn forward → clock, hands of clock) avancer;

∎ we put the clocks forward next weekend le week-end prochain, on passe à l'heure d'été

(c) (bring forward) avancer;

∎ the meeting has been put forward to early next week la réunion a été avancée au début de la semaine prochaine

➲ put in

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (place inside bag, container, cupboard etc) mettre dans;

∎ he put the eggs in the fridge il a mis les œufs dans le réfrigérateur;

∎ to put one's contact lenses in mettre ses lentilles de contact;

∎ to put one's head in at the window passer la tête par la fenêtre;

∎ Sport (in rugby) to put the ball in remettre la balle en jeu

(b) (insert, include) insérer, inclure;

∎ have you put in the episode about the rabbit? as-tu inclus l'épisode du lapin?

(c) (interject) placer;

∎ her name was Alicia, the woman put in elle s'appelait Alicia, ajouta la femme

(d) (install) installer;

∎ we're having central heating put in nous faisons installer le chauffage central;

∎ the voters put the Tories in les électeurs ont mis les conservateurs au pouvoir;

∎ they've put in a new manager at the factory ils ont nommé un nouveau directeur à l'usine

(e) (devote → time) passer;

∎ I've put in a lot of work on that car j'ai beaucoup travaillé sur cette voiture;

∎ I put in a few hours' revision before supper j'ai passé quelques heures à réviser avant le dîner;

∎ to put in an hour's work faire une heure de travail;

∎ to put in a full day at the office passer toute la journée au bureau;

∎ you only get out what you put in on ne récolte que ce qu'on sème

(f) (submit → request, demand) déposer, soumettre;

∎ they put in a claim for a 10 percent pay rise ils ont déposé une demande d'augmentation de salaire de 10 pour cent;

∎ to put in an application for a job déposer sa candidature pour ou se présenter pour un emploi

2 intransitive verb

Nautical relâcher, faire relâche;

∎ we put in at Wellington nous avons relâché ou fait relâche à Wellington

➲ put in for

1 separable transitive verb

présenter;

∎ we're putting him in for the 500 metres nous le présentons pour le 500 mètres;

∎ to put pupils in for an examination présenter des élèves à un examen

2 inseparable transitive verb

∎ to put in for sth (post) poser sa candidature pour qch; (leave, promotion) faire une demande de qch, demander qch;

∎ she put in for a transfer to Florida elle a demandé à être mutée en Floride

➲ put off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (drop off → passenger) déposer, laisser;

∎ just put me off at the corner vous n'avez qu'à me laisser ou me déposer au coin

(b) (postpone → meeting, appointment) remettre à plus tard, repousser; (→ decision, payment) remettre à plus tard, différer; (→ work) remettre à plus tard; (→ guests) décommander;

∎ the meeting has been put off until tomorrow la réunion a été renvoyée ou remise à demain;

∎ I kept putting off telling him the truth je continuais à repousser le moment de lui dire la vérité;

∎ I can't put him off again je ne peux pas encore annuler un rendez-vous avec lui

(c) (dissuade)

∎ once he's made up his mind nothing in the world can put him off une fois qu'il a pris une décision, rien au monde ne peut le faire changer d'avis

(d) (distract) déranger, empêcher de se concentrer;

∎ he deliberately tries to put his opponent off il fait tout pour empêcher son adversaire de se concentrer;

∎ the noise put her off her service le bruit l'a gênée ou dérangée pendant son service

(e) (repel) dégoûter, rebuter;

∎ it's the smell that puts me off c'est l'odeur qui me rebute;

∎ don't be put off by his odd sense of humour ne te laisse pas rebuter par son humour un peu particulier;

∎ it put me off skiing for good ça m'a définitivement dégoûté du ski;

∎ it put me off my dinner ça m'a coupé l'appétit

(f) (switch off → television, radio etc) éteindre

2 intransitive verb

Nautical déborder du quai, pousser au large;

∎ to put off from the shore quitter la côte, prendre le large

➲ put on separable transitive verb

(a) (clothes, make-up, ointment) mettre;

∎ put your hat on mets ton chapeau;

∎ to put on one's make-up se maquiller

(b) (present, stage → play, opera) monter; (→ poetry reading, slide show etc) organiser;

∎ why can't they put something decent on for a change? (on TV, radio) ils ne pourraient pas passer quelque chose d'intéressant pour une fois?

(c) (lay on, provide → train) mettre en service;

∎ they put on excellent meals on Sundays ils servent d'excellents repas le dimanche;

∎ they have put on twenty extra trains ils ont ajouté vingt trains

(d) (gain → speed, weight) prendre;

∎ I've put on a few pounds j'ai pris quelques kilos

(e) (turn on, cause to function → light, radio, gas) allumer; (→ record, tape) mettre; (→ handbrake) mettre, serrer;

∎ put the heater on mets ou allume le chauffage;

∎ he put on some Vivaldi/the news il a mis du Vivaldi/les informations;

∎ I've put the kettle on for tea j'ai mis de l'eau à chauffer pour le thé;

∎ to put on the brakes freiner

(f) (start cooking) mettre (à cuire);

∎ I forgot to put the peas on j'ai oublié de mettre les petits pois à cuire

(g) (bet) parier;

∎ I put £10 on the favourite j'ai parié 10 livres sur le favori

(h) (assume) prendre;

∎ to put on airs prendre des airs;

∎ he put on a silly voice il a pris une voix ridicule;

∎ to put on an act jouer la comédie;

∎ familiar don't worry, he's just putting it on ne t'inquiète pas, il fait du cinéma ou du chiqué

(i) familiar (tease) faire marcher;

∎ you're putting me on! là, tu me fais marcher!

(j) (apply → pressure) exercer

(k) (add) ajouter;

∎ the tax increase will put another 10p on a gallon of petrol l'augmentation de la taxe va faire monter le prix du gallon d'essence de 10 pence

(l) (impose) imposer;

∎ new restrictions have been put on bringing animals into the country de nouvelles restrictions ont été imposées à l'importation d'animaux dans le pays

(m) (attribute)

∎ it's hard to put a price on it c'est difficile d'en évaluer ou estimer le prix

(n) (advance → clock) avancer

(o) (on telephone)

∎ could you put him on, please? pouvez-vous me le passer, s'il vous plaît?

➲ put onto separable transitive verb

(help find) indiquer à;

∎ I'll put you onto a good solicitor je vous donnerai le nom d'un ou je vous indiquerai un bon avocat;

∎ she's put me onto quite a few bargains elle m'a indiqué plusieurs bonnes affaires;

∎ to put the police/taxman onto sb dénoncer qn à la police/au fisc;

∎ what put you onto the butler, detective inspector? qu'est-ce qui vous a amené à soupçonner le maître d'hôtel, commissaire?

➲ put out

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (place outside) mettre dehors, sortir;

∎ have you put the dustbin out? as-tu sorti la poubelle?;

∎ I'll put the washing out (to dry) je vais mettre le linge (dehors) à sécher;

∎ to put a cow out to grass mettre une vache en pâture

(b) (remove)

∎ to put sb's eye out éborgner qn;

∎ you almost put my eye out! tu as failli m'éborgner!

(c) (issue → apology, announcement) publier; (→ story, rumour) faire circuler; (→ new record, edition, model etc) sortir; (→ appeal, request) faire; (broadcast) émettre;

∎ police have put out a description of the wanted man la police a publié une description de l'homme qu'elle recherche;

∎ to put out an SOS lancer un SOS

(d) (extinguish → fire, light, candle) éteindre; (→ cigarette) éteindre, écraser; (→ gas) fermer;

∎ don't forget to put the light out when you leave n'oubliez pas d'éteindre (la lumière) en partant

(e) (lay out, arrange) sortir;

∎ the valet had put out a suit for me le valet de chambre m'avait sorti un costume

(f) (stick out, stretch out → arm, leg) étendre, allonger; (→ hand) tendre; (→ tongue) tirer;

∎ she walked up to me and put out her hand elle s'approcha de moi et me tendit la main;

∎ she put out a foot to trip him up elle a mis un pied en avant pour le faire trébucher

(g) (dislocate)

∎ to put one's back/shoulder out se démettre le dos/l'épaule;

∎ I've put my back out je me suis déplacé une vertèbre

(h) (annoy, upset)

∎ to be put out about sth être fâché à cause de qch;

∎ he seems quite put out about it on dirait que ça l'a vraiment contrarié

(i) (inconvenience) déranger;

∎ I hope I haven't put you out j'espère que je ne vous ai pas dérangé;

∎ she's always ready to put herself out for other people elle est toujours prête à rendre service

(j) (sprout → shoots, leaves) produire

(k) (make unconscious → with drug, injection) endormir

(l) (subcontract) sous-traiter;

∎ we put most of our work out nous confions la plus grande partie de notre travail à des sous-traitants

(m) Horticulture (plant out) repiquer

2 intransitive verb

(a) Nautical prendre le large;

∎ to put out to sea faire appareiller

(b) American familiar (woman) accepter de coucher ( for avec);

∎ everyone knows she puts out tout le monde sait qu'elle est prête à coucher;

∎ did she put out? est-ce qu'elle a bien voulu coucher?;

∎ she'd put out for anybody elle coucherait avec le premier venu

➲ put over = put across

➲ put round separable transitive verb

(spread → gossip, story) faire courir

➲ put through separable transitive verb

(a) Telecommunications (connect) passer la communication à;

∎ hold on, I'll try to put you through ne quittez pas, je vais essayer de vous le/la passer;

∎ put the call through to my office passez-moi la communication dans mon bureau;

∎ I'll put you through to Mrs Powell je vous passe Mme Powell

(b) (carry through, conclude) conclure;

∎ we finally put through the necessary reforms nous avons fini par faire passer les réformes nécessaires

(c) (subject to) soumettre à;

∎ he was put through a whole battery of tests on l'a soumis à toute une série d'examens;

∎ I'm sorry to put you through this je suis désolé de vous imposer ça;

∎ have you any idea what you're putting him through? as-tu la moindre idée de ce que tu lui fais subir?;

∎ familiar to put sb through it en faire voir de toutes les couleurs à qn; (at interview) faire passer un mauvais quart d'heure à qn;

∎ he really put me through it il m'en a vraiment fait voir (de toutes les couleurs)

(d) (pay for)

∎ he put himself through college il a payé ses études

➲ put together separable transitive verb

(a) (place side by side → two objects) mettre côte à côte; (→ facts) rapprocher, comparer;

∎ he's more trouble than the rest of them put together il nous crée plus de problèmes à lui seul que tous les autres réunis

(b) (kit, furniture, engine) monter, assembler; (meal) préparer, confectionner; (menu) élaborer; (dossier) réunir; (proposal, report) préparer; (story, facts) reconstituer; (show, campaign) organiser, monter;

∎ to put sth (back) together again remonter qch;

∎ we're trying to put together enough evidence to convict him nous essayons de réunir assez de preuves pour le faire condamner;

∎ to put together a convincing picture of what happened reconstituer une idée convaincante de ce qui s'est passé;

∎ the programme is nicely put together ce programme est bien fait;

∎ I'll just put a few things together (in my bag) je vais faire rapidement ma valise

➲ put under separable transitive verb

(with drug, injection) endormir

➲ put up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (raise → hand) lever; (→ flag) hisser; (→ hood) relever; (→ umbrella) ouvrir; (→ one's hair, coat collar) relever;

∎ could all those going put up their hands? que tous ceux qui y vont lèvent la main;

∎ put your hands up! haut les mains!;

∎ familiar put 'em up! (in surrender) haut les mains!; (to fight) défends-toi!;

∎ I'm going to put my feet up for a few minutes je vais me reposer un peu

(b) (erect → tent) dresser, monter; (→ house, factory) construire; (→ monument, statue) ériger; (→ scaffolding) installer, monter; (→ ladder) dresser;

∎ they put up a statue to her ils érigèrent une statue en son honneur

(c) (install, put in place) mettre; (curtains) poser, accrocher; (wallpaper) poser;

∎ they've already put up the Christmas decorations ils ont déjà installé les décorations de Noël;

∎ the shopkeeper put up the shutters le commerçant a baissé le rideau de fer

(d) (send up → rocket, satellite) lancer

(e) (display → sign) mettre; (→ poster) afficher;

∎ the results will be put up tomorrow les résultats seront affichés demain

(f) (show → resistance) offrir, opposer;

∎ to put up a good show bien se défendre;

∎ to put up a struggle se défendre, se débattre

(g) (present → argument, proposal) présenter;

∎ he puts up a good case for abstention il a des arguments convaincants en faveur de l'abstention

(h) (offer for sale)

∎ to put sth up for sale/auction mettre qch en vente/aux enchères

(i) (put forward → candidate) présenter; (→ person, name) proposer (comme candidat);

∎ we are not putting up any candidates nous ne présentons aucun candidat

(j) familiar (provide → capital) fournir;

∎ who's putting the money up for the new business? qui finance la nouvelle entreprise?;

∎ we put up our own money nous sommes auto-financés

(k) (increase) faire monter, augmenter;

∎ this will put up the price of meat ça va faire augmenter ou monter le prix de la viande

(l) (give hospitality to) loger, héberger;

∎ to put sb up for the night coucher qn

(m) (urge, incite)

∎ to put sb up to (doing) sth pousser qn à (faire) qch

(n) archaic (put away → sword, pistol) rengainer

2 intransitive verb

(a) British

∎ to put up at a hotel descendre dans un hôtel;

∎ where are you putting up? où est-ce que tu loges?; (in hotel) où es-tu descendu?;

∎ I'm putting up at Gary's for the moment je loge chez Gary pour le moment

(b) (stand → in election) se présenter, se porter candidat;

∎ she put up as a Labour candidate elle s'est présentée comme candidate du parti travailliste

(c) familiar

∎ put up or shut up! assez parlé, agissez!

➲ put upon inseparable transitive verb

(usu passive) to put upon sb (abuse) abuser de qn; (exploit) exploiter qn;

∎ you shouldn't let yourself be put upon like that! tu ne devrais pas te laisser marcher sur les pieds comme ça!

➲ put up with inseparable transitive verb

supporter, tolérer;

∎ I refuse to put up with this noise any longer! je ne supporterai pas ce bruit une minute de plus!;

∎ we'll have to put up with it il faut l'accepter ou nous y résigner

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20 make

1. [meık] n
1. 1) форма, конструкция; модель, фасон

a new make of automobile - новая модель автомобиля

dresses of a new make - платья нового фасона

a coat of first-class make - пальто отличного покроя

a tool of a heavier make - более тяжёлый инструмент

2) марка, тип, сорт

cars of all makes - автомобили всех марок

what make is this? - это что за модель /марка, система/?

houses after the Swiss make - дома по швейцарскому образцу

2. производство, работа; изготовление

an automobile of English make - автомобиль английского производства

knives of Birmingham make - ножи бирмингемской работы

is this your own make? - это вы сами производите?; это ваше изделие?; это вашего собственного изготовления?

3. изготовленное или добытое количество; продукция; выработка

4. конституция, сложение

a man of slender make - стройный человек

a man with the make and muscles of a prize-fighter - человек со сложением и мускулатурой борца

5. склад ( характера)

a man of this [another] make - человек такого [иного] склада /рода/

6. эл. замыкание цепи

at make - включённый, замкнутый

7. карт. объявление ( козыря и игры)

8. карт. тасование

it's your make - твоя очередь тасовать

9. воен. жарг. повышение в чине; новое назначение

♢ on the make - а) стремящийся к наживе; делающий карьеру; б) ищущий любовных приключений

make and mend hour - мор. а) уст. время, отведённое на пошивку и починку обмундирования; б) свободное от нарядов время
2. [meık] v (made)
I

1. делать; изготовлять, производить

to make tables [bricks, wine, machines] - делать столы [кирпичи, вино, машины]

to make in duplicate - выполнять в двух экземплярах

nails are made of iron - гвозди делают из железа

what is it made of? - из чего это сделано?

made in the USA - изготовлено /сделано/ в США

this Publishing House makes good books - это издательство выпускает /издаёт, делает/ хорошие книги; это издательство хорошо выпускает /издаёт/ книги [ср. тж. 3]

to make a meal [dinner] - готовить /приготовить/ еду [обед] [ср. тж. II А 16]

to make tea - приготовить /заварить или вскипятить/ чай

I don't know how to make this dish - я не знаю, как готовить /делать/ это блюдо

to make a coat - сшить /сделать/ пальто

a suit made to order - костюм, сшитый на заказ

to make a bed - постелить постель

I'll make a bed for you on the sofa - я вам постелю на диване [ср. тж. II А 5]

to make a nest - вить /свивать/ гнездо

to make a track - прокладывать путь или лыжню

to make hay - сушить, ворошить или заготовлять сено [см. тж. ♢ ]

don't stand there as if you were made of stone - не стой как истукан, не стой точно каменный

2. составлять, делать, подготавливать

to make a list - составить список

to make a note - сделать заметку, записать (что-л.)

to make notes - вести /делать/ записи, записывать, конспектировать

to make a note of smth. - отметить что-л.; сделать заметку относительно /по поводу/ чего-л.

to make a report - подготовить доклад /отчёт/ [ср. тж. II А 6, 1)]

to make one's will - составить /написать/ завещание

to make a law - создавать /устанавливать, вводить/ закон

to make a plan - придумать /разработать/ план

let's not make premature plans - не будем строить планы заранее; не будем (заранее) загадывать

3. создавать, творить

to make a poem [a symphony] - сочинить /написать/ поэму или стихотворение [симфонию]

this author makes good books - этот писатель пишет /сочиняет/ хорошие книги [ср. тж. 1]

he made a sketch - он сделал рисунок /набросок/

to make a film - снимать фильм

4. совершать, делать

to make a landing - а) совершить посадку б) высадиться на берег

to make a mistake /a blunder/ - совершить ошибку

to make a fresh start - начинать сначала

he made an offence against good taste - он погрешил против хорошего вкуса

5. 1) образовывать; формировать

to make smb.'s character - формировать чей-л. характер

to make one's own life - самостоятельно строить свою жизнь

I made him what he is - я сделал его таким, какой он есть

to make oneself - сделать карьеру самостоятельно ( без протекции)

2) редк. тренировать, учить ( животных)

he made the dog himself - он сам обучил собаку

6. считать, полагать

what do you make of it? - что вы об этом думаете?

what do you make of this film? - как вы находите этот фильм?, что вы думаете об этом фильме?

what do you make of him? - какое у вас мнение о нём?

what distance do you make it from here to the village? - как вы считаете, сколько отсюда до деревни?

I make it five miles - по-моему, пять миль

how large do you make this crowd? - сколько, по-вашему, здесь народу?, как вы думаете, сколько здесь народу?

what time do you make it? - сколько, по-вашему, сейчас времени?; сколько на ваших часах?

I make it half past four - по-моему, половина пятого; на моих (часах) половина пятого

what do you make this bird to be? - что это, по-вашему, за птица?

7. сл. украсть

8. сл. сожительствовать

to make with smb. - сожительствовать с кем-л.

II А

1. зарабатывать, наживать (деньги, состояние)

to make money - зарабатывать деньги, наживать деньги

to make money on the side - зарабатывать халтурой /левой работой/, работать налево

how much (money) do you make a week? - сколько (денег) вы зарабатываете /получаете/ в неделю?

I make a good salary - я получаю хорошую зарплату, мне много /хорошо/ платят

I made very little (money) on this - я на этом заработал /нажил/ очень мало (денег)

to make a good thing of smth. - хорошо заработать /нажиться, нагреть руки/ на чём-л.

he makes a £1000 a year (out) of his lands - он получает со своих имений 1000 фунтов в год

to make profit - получать прибыль

to make a livelihood - зарабатывать средства к существованию

to make a /one's/ living - зарабатывать на жизнь

to make a /one's/ living with one's pen - зарабатывать на жизнь пером /литературным трудом/

to make a living (by) teaching music - зарабатывать на жизнь уроками музыки

to make one's bread - зарабатывать на существование /на хлеб/

2. приобретать (друзей, врагов)

to make friends - завести /приобрести/ друзей; подружиться

we made friends with him very quickly - мы быстро подружились с ним

to make enemies - нажить врагов

to make an ally of smb. - сделать кого-л. своим союзником; завоевать кого-л. на свою сторону

3. 1) заключать (соглашение, сделки)

to make an agreement - прийти к соглашению, договориться

to make a treaty - заключить договор

to make a bargain - заключить сделку, договориться

to make terms - прийти к соглашению

2) назначать ( свидание)

to make a date - назначить свидание

to make an appointment - а) условиться о встрече; б) записаться на приём

3) договориться, условиться (о времени, месте и т. п.)

when shall I see you, Monday or Tuesday? - Make it Tuesday - когда я вас увижу, в понедельник или во вторник? - Договоримся на вторник

I shall make it for three o'clock - я условлюсь /договорюсь/ на 3 часа

4. назначать ( на должность); производить ( в чин)

to make smb. a judge - назначить кого-л. судьёй

to make smb. a general - произвести кого-л. в генералы

he was made commander-in-chief - его сделали /назначили/ главнокомандующим

to make smb. a knight - посвящать кого-л. в рыцари

5. убирать ( помещение); приводить в порядок (комнату, постель); наводить ( порядок)

to make a room - убрать комнату

to make a bed - застилать /заправлять/ постель; убирать кровать [ср. тж. I 1]

I want to make order in /among/ my books - я хочу привести в порядок свои книги

6. 1) выступать ( с докладом)

to make a speech - произносить речь

2) издавать ( звуки); производить ( шум); звенеть, стучать, шуметь

to make a noise - шуметь, поднимать шум

the creature made no sound - животное не издало ни звука

7. 1) устраивать ( скандал)

to make a row - разг. а) скандалить, затеять драку или ссору; б) бурно протестовать

to make a scene - устроить /закатить/ сцену

to make a fuss - а) устраивать переполох /шум/; б) волноваться, суетиться

to make a fuss of smb. - носиться с кем-л.

2) устраивать ( шумиху); производить ( сенсацию)

to make a commotion - устроить шум /переполох/

to make a splash /a stir/ - разг. производить /вызывать/ сенсацию; поднимать шум /шумиху/; вызывать /возбуждать/ всеобщий интерес

this film made a stir - этот фильм возбудил большой интерес /произвёл сенсацию/

he made the front page - (он вызвал такой интерес, что) о нём стали писать газеты /его имя попало на первые полосы/

to make (much) ado - уст. поднять (большой) шум

the novel made the bestseller list - роман попал в список бестселлеров

8. делать ( снимок); фотографировать

I want to make a few pictures of this building - я хочу сделать несколько снимков этого здания

9. совершать ( поездки)

to make a tour [a trip, a journey] - совершить турне [поездку, путешествие]

he made a tour of the whole country - он объездил всю страну

he made a long voyage - он совершил длительное морское путешествие

10. проходить, проезжать (какое-л. расстояние)

to make ten miles a day - делать десять миль в день

we made only three miles that day - мы прошли в тот день только три мили

this car makes 120 kilometres an hour - скорость этой машины 120 километров в час; эта машина делает /даёт/ 120 километров в час

11. 1) достигать (какого-л. места); прийти, войти (в гавань и т. п.)

to make (it to) the village before dark - дойти до деревни засветло

to make the station in time - вовремя прийти на станцию

we just made the train - мы еле поспели на поезд

to make the land см. land I 1

to make port - войти в порт

the ship will never make port in such a storm - корабль не сможет войти в порт в такую бурю

to make it into history - войти в историю

to make it into Parliament - пробиться в парламент

2) (for) направляться, следовать (куда-л.); двигаться (в каком-л. направлении)

to make for home - направляться домой

to make for the open sea - отправиться в открытое море

he made for the door - а) он направился к двери; б) он кинулся /бросился/ к двери

3) набрасываться, нападать (на кого-л.)

the bull made for him - бык бросился на него

12. спорт.

1) достичь ( цели)

to make the finish - добраться до финиша, финишировать

2) забить (мяч и т. п.)

to make the basket - забросить мяч ( баскетбол)

he always makes a goal - он всегда забивает мяч в ворота

he made two tens - он выбил две десятки ( стрельба)

13. преодолевать ( препятствие)

to make a hurdle - взять препятствие /барьер/

to make a /the/ riffle - амер. а) успешно преодолеть пороги ( реки); б) преодолеть трудности, преуспеть

14. карт.

1) брать ( взятку); бить

I made the trick - я взял эту взятку

the ace makes - туз берёт

he made the queen - он побил карту дамой

2) объявлять ( козырь или игру)

3) тасовать ( колоду); сдавать ( карты)

whose turn is it to make? - чья очередь сдавать?

15. мор. указывать ( время); бить склянки

noon was made - пробило полдень

16. есть (завтрак, обед, ужин)

to make a good meal - хорошо поесть

to make a good [substantial, light, hasty, late] breakfast [dinner, supper] - хорошо [плотно, легко, наспех, поздно] позавтракать [пообедать, поужинать] [ср. тж. I 1]

to make a meal on /of/ smth. - съесть что-л.

he made a meal on /of/ nuts - он поел орехов, его еда состояла из орехов

17. подниматься ( о воде)

the tide is making fast - приливная волна быстро поднимается

the water is making fast - вода быстро прибывает; уровень воды быстро поднимается

II Б

1. to make smb. do smth. заставлять, вынуждать, побуждать кого-л. делать что-л.

to make smb. cry [laugh] - заставить кого-л. плакать [смеяться]

I shall make him do it - я заставлю его сделать это

I can't make you come if you refuse - я не могу заставить вас прийти, если вы отказываетесь

I can make him believe anything I choose - я могу убедить его в чём угодно

it makes me think you are right - это убеждает меня в вашей правоте

his story made me yawn - его рассказ нагнал на меня скуку

to make smb. understand - а) заставить кого-л. понять; б) дать кому-л. понять

2. to make smb., smth. understood [known, etc.] заставить понять [узнать и т. п.]

to make oneself understood - а) заставить (кого-л.) себя понять; б) выражаться ясно; в) объясняться ( на иностранном языке)

to make his wishes understood - сделать понятными его желания; дать понять, чего он хочет

to make oneself known - а) сделать так, чтобы тебя узнали, заставить о себе говорить; б) заявить, известить о себе; представиться

to make smth. known - сообщить о чём-л.; обнародовать что-л.

3. to make smth. do smth. вызывать что-л., являться причиной чего-л.

what makes the grass grow so quickly? - отчего трава растёт так быстро?

the wind made the bells ring - колокольчики звенели на ветру

he made the water boil - он довёл воду до кипения

the sight of food made my mouth water - при виде еды у меня слюнки потекли

the onions made my eyes smart - от лука у меня защипало глаза

4. to have smth. made выражает действие, совершённое по инициативе или побуждению какого-л. лица:

I must have a new dress made for this party - мне нужно сшить новое платье для этого вечера

5. to make smb., smth. + прилагательное превращать, приводить в какое-л. состояние; делать каким-л.

to make smb. angry /mad/ - рассердить кого-л.

to make smb. happy - делать кого-л. счастливым, осчастливить кого-л.

to make smb. sad - заставить кого-л. загрустить, расстроить кого-л., нагнать на кого-л. тоску

to make smb. rich - обогатить кого-л.; сделать кого-л. богатым

to make smb. sick - а) вызывать тошноту у кого-л.; the food made me sick - от этой еды мне стало плохо; б) разг. утомлять, раздражать кого-л., надоедать кому-л.

your questions make me sick - мне надоели ваши вопросы

to make smb. drunk - а) напоить кого-л.; б) опьянить кого-л.

the fresh air made me drunk - свежий воздух опьянил меня

to make smth. available - предоставлять /делать доступным/ что-л.

to make the book available - предоставить книгу (в чьё-л. распоряжение)

this knowledge was not made available to us - эти сведения были нам недоступны

to make oneself comfortable - удобно устроиться, устроиться уютно

to make oneself agreeable - стараться быть приятным

to make oneself clear - ясно /понятно/ изложить своё мнение

6. to make smth. of smth. превращать что-л. во что-л.

to make a practice of smth., to make a rule of it - взять за правило, постоянно делать что-л.

to make a regular thing of smth. - регулярно заниматься чем-л.

I make a regular thing of reading the papers - чтение газет вошло у меня в привычку

the author has made a speciality of long-winded descriptions - этот автор специализируется на многословных описаниях

to make a show of smth. - слишком подчёркивать /выставлять напоказ/ что-л.

to make a parade of smth. - выставлять напоказ что-л.; щеголять чем-л.

to make a religion of smth. - считать что-л. своей священной обязанностью; целиком отдаваться чему-л.; делать культ из чего-л.

to make a hash /a mess, a muddle/ of smth. - напутать в чём-л., перепутать что-л.; вносить путаницу во что-л.; устраивать беспорядок в чём-л.

to make a hell of smb.'s life - превратить чью-л. жизнь в ад

7. 1) to make smth. of smb. представлять, изображать кого-л. в каком-л. виде

to make a laughing-stock of smb. - сделать из кого-л. посмешище, выставить кого-л. в смешном виде

he is not as bad as you make him - он не так плох, как вы его изображаете

he is not the fool you make him - он совсем не такой дурак, каким вы его выставляете

2) to make smb., smth. ( out) of smb. делать кого-л., что-л. из кого-л.

I'll make a tennis player (out) of him yet - я ещё сделаю из него теннисиста

3) to make smth. of oneself строить, делать из себя что-л., вести себя как...

to make a pig of oneself - а) вести себя как свинья; б) объедаться

to make a beast of oneself - вести себя по-скотски /по-свински/

to make an exhibition /a spectacle, a sight/ of oneself - привлекать к себе внимание; выставлять себя на посмешище

to make a nuisance of oneself - надоедать, досаждать, докучать (кому-л.)

to make an ass /a fool/ of oneself - вести себя как осёл /дурак/; (с)валять дурака; поставить себя в смешное /глупое, дурацкое/ положение

8. to make smth. over to smb. передавать, уступать что-л. кому-л.

to make one's profit over to smb. - передать свой доход кому-л.

he made over most of his property to his son - он переписал большую часть своего имущества на имя сына

9. to make to do smth. пытаться, порываться что-л. сделать

he made to reply when I stopped him - он начал было отвечать, когда я остановил его

she made to grab the bag - она рванулась, чтобы схватить сумку

10. to make as though /as if/ to do smth. притворяться, будто собираешься что-л. сделать

he made as though to leave the room - он сделал вид, будто собирается выйти из комнаты

he made as if he would escape - он сделал вид, как будто /что/ хочет убежать

11. to make smb. free of smth. разрешить кому-л. пользоваться чем-л., предоставить что-л. в чьё-л. распоряжение

to make smb. free of one's library - предоставить свою библиотеку в чьё-л. распоряжение

to make smb. free of one's house - радушно принять кого-л.; предоставить свой дом в чьё-л. распоряжение

12. to make after smb., smth. следовать за чем-л.; преследовать кого-л.

in the morning we made after them - утром мы пустились /поехали/ за ними вслед

III А

1. как глагол-связка в составном именном сказуемом:

1) составлять, равняться

twenty shillings make a pound - двадцать шиллингов составляют фунт; в фунте двадцать шиллингов

two and two make four - два и два равняется четырём

twice six makes twelve - дважды шесть будет двенадцать

2) быть, являться

to make one of - быть одним из; быть участником; быть в числе

will you make one of the party? - не составишь ли ты нам компанию?

I made one of their group - я был одним из них

to make a fourth - быть четвёртым ( партнёром в карточной игре)

you make the tenth here - ты здесь десятый

this makes your tenth offence - это ваше десятое нарушение

this makes the third time I've rung him - я звоню ему уже в третий раз

this colour makes a perfect camouflage - этот цвет служит отличной маскировкой

cold tea makes an excellent drink in summer - холодный чай - прекрасный напиток летом

that makes a good answer - это хороший ответ; это вы удачно ответили

this book makes good /interesting/ reading - это интересная книга; эта книга легко читается

3) оказываться, становиться

to make a good teacher - стать хорошим преподавателем

she could make a good mother for them - она могла бы стать им хорошей матерью

he will make her an excellent husband - он будет ей прекрасным мужем

he will make a good musician [sprinter] - из него выйдет хороший музыкант [спринтер]

the carpet will make your bed - ковёр будет служить вам постелью

this room will make a good study - из этой комнаты выйдет хороший кабинет

4) образовывать, составлять

to make a quorum - составлять кворум

to make a House - составлять кворум в палате

these books make a set - эти книги составляют серию

2. в сочетании с последующим существительным выражает действие, соответствующее значению существительного:

to make a jump - прыгнуть

to make a bow - поклониться

to make a move - а) сделать движение; б) двинуться; в) сделать ход

to make a start - а) начинать; to make a good start - положить хорошее начало; б) отправиться

he made an early start - он рано отправился (в путь)

to make a stop - останавливаться, сделать остановку

to make inquiries - справиться, наводить справки

to make a call - а) посетить, нанести (непродолжительный) визит; I had to make a few calls that's why I was late - я должен был зайти в несколько мест, поэтому я опоздал; б) позвонить (по телефону)

let me make a call first - разрешите я сначала позвоню

to make use of smth., smb. - использовать что-л., кого-л.

in his book he has made extensive use of quotations - в его книге много цитат

3. в сочетании с последующим прилагательным выражает действие, соответствующее значению прилагательного:

to make fast - закрепить; привязать

to make merry - веселиться

to make public - а) обнародовать, сделать общеизвестным; б) сделать общественным, общим, общедоступным

to make good - а) добиться успеха, достичь цели; he has talent and he'll make good - он талантлив и добьётся успеха; б) компенсировать, восполнять; we'll make good your losses - мы возместим вам ваши убытки; в) выполнять ( обещанное)

I promised you a present, I'll make good next time - я обещал тебе подарок, в следующий раз я не забуду

♢

to make sure /certain/ that или of - удостовериться, убедиться, что или в чём-л.; выяснить что-л.

make sure that the doors are locked - проверь, заперты ли двери

to make for smth. - способствовать, содействовать чему-л.

international talks make for better understanding between countries - благодаря международным переговорам достигается взаимопонимание между странами

an interesting plot makes for good reading /readability/ - если сюжет увлекательный, то книга хорошо читается

it is very funny and makes for compulsive reading - это так смешно, что от книги нельзя оторваться

this did not make for happiness - это не сулило счастья

in this field education makes for success - в этой области образование - гарантия успеха

to make do - обходиться тем, что имеется; справляться

I had no dictionary when reading this book but I made do - когда я читала эту книгу, у меня не было словаря, но я как-то справилась

we must make do on our pension - мы должны обойтись одной пенсией

can you make do without electricity for another week? - вы можете обойтись ещё одну неделю без электричества?

to make smb.'s acquaintance, to make the acquaintance of smb. - познакомиться с кем-л.

I am happy to make your acquaintance - рад с вами познакомиться

to make oneself at home - быть как дома; хозяйничать

to make long hours - очень много /усиленно/ работать

to make up one's mind - решить, принять решение; решиться

I made up my mind to finish the work that day - я решил закончить работу в тот же день

to make no sign - и виду не показывать; не протестовать

to make a face /faces/ (at smb.) - гримасничать, строить гримасы, корчить /строить/ рожи (кому-л.)

to make a wry face - сделать недовольную гримасу /кислую физиономию/

to make a long face - иметь недовольный /кислый, разочарованный, огорчённый/ вид

to make eyes at smb. - делать /строить/ глазки кому-л.

to make sheep's eyes at smb. - смотреть влюблёнными глазами /бросать влюблённые взгляды/ на кого-л.

to make a long nose /школ. жарг. a snook/ at smb. - показать «нос» кому-л.

to make a long neck - вытянуть шею

to make a long arm for smth. - протянуть руку /потянуться/ за чем-л.

to make a figure - а) выглядеть смешным, играть смешную роль; б) играть важную /видную/ роль; выделяться; занимать видное положение; вызывать уважение или восхищение (тж. to make a conspicuous figure)

to make a little [poor, ridiculous] figure - играть незначительную [жалкую, смешную] роль

to make a poor month - прибедняться

to make little /light/ of smth. - относиться несерьёзно /пренебрежительно/ к чему-л., не принимать что-л. всерьёз, не обращать внимания на что-л.; смотреть на что-л. сквозь пальцы

to make little account of smth. - не придавать значения чему-л., считать что-л. неважным /несущественным/

to make much of smth., of smb. - высоко ценить что-л., кого-л.; быть высокого мнения о чём-л., о ком-л.; уделять большое внимание чему-л., кому-л.

he makes too much of his daughter - он слишком балует свою дочь /носится со своей дочерью/

the author makes much of his childhood - автор придаёт большое значение своему детству

he has not made much of his opportunities - он мало использовал свои возможности

I can make nothing of this letter - а) я не могу воспользоваться этим письмом; б) я совершенно не понимаю, что написано в этом письме

he makes nothing of my remarks - он не обращает внимания на мои замечания

I cannot make head or tail of his letter - я не могу ничего понять в его письме

to make the most of smth., smb. - а) использовать что-л., кого-л. наилучшим образом /максимально/

you only have a week, so make the most of it - у вас всего неделя, так что проведите её с максимальной пользой; б) расхваливать, преувеличивать достоинства чего-л., кого-л.; превозносить до небес что-л., кого-л.

to make the best of smth., smb. - а) использовать что-л., кого-л. наилучшим образом /максимально/; б) мириться с чем-л., с кем-л.

to make the best of a bad bargain /job/ - мужественно переносить несчастья /затруднения/; не падать духом в беде; делать хорошую мину при плохой игре

to make the best of both worlds - ирон. ≅ на земле погулять и в рай попасть; всюду поспеть

to make the worst of smth. [of it] - изображать что-л. [это] в самом худшем виде; пессимистически смотреть на что-л.

to make it worse - в довершение всего, к тому же, в придачу (к чему-л. плохому)

to make hay - нажиться; ≅ нагреть руки [см. тж. I 1]

to make a hand - преуспеть (в чём-л.); добиться успеха

to make no hand of smth. - сделать что-л. скверно; провалиться

to make one's jack - сл. добиться успеха

to make one's pile - нажить /сколотить/ состояние

to make a raise - амер. получить, раздобыть (деньги или какую-л. ценную вещь); получить взаймы

to make a strike - амер. напасть на золотую жилу

I made a strike - мне здорово повезло

to make the grade - а) взять подъём; б) амер. преуспеть (в чём-л.); добиться своего; быть на должной высоте

to make one's mark - а) отличиться, добиться успеха; б) амер. успеть, поспеть

to make time - прийти вовремя /по расписанию/

to make the train - успеть на поезд

to make it - а) добиться своей цели; I knew that he would make it - я знал, что он добьётся своего; he'll make it through college - он закончит колледж; б) успеть, поспеть

do you think he will make it? - как ты думаешь, он успеет?; to make it to the train - успеть /не опоздать/ к поезду; в) сл. сожительствовать

to make good time - а) спорт. показать хорошее время; б) быстро пройти или проехать (какое-л.) расстояние

to make rings round - а) спорт. жарг. значительно /намного/ опередить, обогнать; б) обойти, объегорить; заткнуть за пояс

to make the running - а) добиться хороших результатов ( о жокее или скаковой лошади); б) добиться успеха, преуспеть; в) начать (что-л.), подготовляя почву для дальнейших участников

to make good work of /with/ smth. - хорошо сделать что-л. /справиться с чем-л./; быть на высоте положения

to make a good [bad] job of it см. job1 I ♢

to make a go of it - амер. добиться успеха, преуспеть

to make short work of smth. - быстро справиться /разделаться/ с чем-л.

to make sure work with smth. - прочно завладеть чем-л.; обеспечить свой контроль над чем-л.

to make (a) shift - а) перебиваться, обходиться; б) довольствоваться; примириться

to make a good [poor] fist at /of/ smth. - а) сделать удачную [неудачную] попытку; хорошо [плохо] справиться с чем-л.; б) уметь [не уметь] делать что-л.

to make a break - а) нарушить ход /ритм/; перебить; сделать неуместное замечание; сделать ложный шаг; б) удрать от полиции

to make a get-away - а) бежать (из тюрьмы, от полиции); удрать, улизнуть, спастись бегством; б) воен. оторваться от противника

to make a clean sweep - совершенно отделаться, избавиться; ≅ под метёлку вымести, вычистить

to make oneself scarce - исчезнуть, сгинуть, испариться

to make a run of it - убежать, удрать

to make tracks - а) ≅ дать тягу, навострить лыжи, улизнуть; б) идти или нестись дальше

to make head against smth. - а) успешно сопротивляться /противиться/ чему-л.; бороться /восставать/ против чего-л.; б) продвигаться вперёд, несмотря на противодействие

to make a footing - а) обрести точку опоры, закрепиться на небольшом пространстве; б) добиться положения в обществе

to make a lodgement - а) воен. захватывать плацдарм; закрепиться /обосноваться/ на захваченной позиции; засесть; б) прочно утвердиться

to make a fight of it - оказывать сопротивление

to make a poor fight of it - оказывать слабое сопротивление

to make an example of smb. - наказать кого-л. в назидание другим

to make a cat's paw of smb. - сделать кого-л. своим орудием

to make an honest woman of smb. - а) жениться на женщине с прошлым, прикрыть грех; б) узаконить браком связь с женщиной

to make a clean breast of smth. - чистосердечно признаться в чём-л., всё выложить

to make a rod for oneself /for one's own back/ - наказать /высечь/ самого себя

to make a bee-line for smth. - пойти напрямик /кратчайшим путём/ куда-л.

to make a dead-set - а) охот. сделать стойку ( о собаке); б) нападать, набрасываться, накидываться; в) резко критиковать; обрушиться; жестоко высмеивать; he made a dead-set at me - он занял резко враждебную позицию в отношении меня; г) ≅ вешаться кому-л. на шею; упорно пытаться завоевать (чьё-л.) сердце; всячески добиваться (чьей-л.) взаимности или дружбы

to make a bid for smth. - а) предлагать цену за что-л. на аукционе; б) стремиться к чему-л., стараться добиться чего-л.

to make oneself solid with smb. - снискать чью-л. благосклонность; добиться взаимопонимания с кем-л. /поддержки у кого-л./

to make play - а) сл. действовать; making play with both hands - действуя обеими руками; б) спорт. держать противника в напряжении; не давать противнику передышки; в) спорт. наносить сильные и точные удары; г) добиваться результатов

to make a play for - амер. а) пустить в ход свои чары, очаровывать; б) сделать всё возможное, чтобы добиться своего; в) ухаживать

to make a score off one's own bat - сделать (что-л.) без посторонней помощи

to make a save - спасти ворота ( о вратаре)

to make a stab at smth. - попытаться сделать что-л.

to make a shot - попытаться угадать

to make a bad shot - а) не отгадать, не разгадать; б) ошибиться, промахнуться; ≅ попасть пальцем в небо

to make a good shot - а) отгадать, разгадать; б) правильно угадать, попасть в точку

to make the bull's-eye - а) попадать в цель /в яблоко мишени, в «десятку»/; б) иметь успех, добиться поставленной цели

to make smb.'s /the/ blood boil - приводить кого-л. в бешенство /в ярость/; вызывать чьё-л. возмущение

his words made my blood boil - у меня от его слов закипела кровь

to make smb.'s flesh creep, to make smb.'s blood run cold, to make smb.'s hair curl /stand on end/ - приводить кого-л. в ужас

what I saw made my blood run cold - у меня кровь застыла в жилах от того, что я увидел

to make smb.'s brain reel - поразить /изумить, ошеломить/ кого-л.

to make smb. sit up - а) засадить кого-л. за трудную работу; б) шокировать кого-л.; неприятно поразить кого-л.

to make smb.'s ears burn - говорить о ком-л. за его спиной

to make the ears tingle - оглушать; резать слух

to make the cup run over - переполнить чашу (терпения), быть последней каплей (вызвавшей несчастье, катастрофу)

to make smb. turn in his grave - шутл. заставить кого-л. перевернуться в гробу

to make a song and dance about smth. - поднимать шум из-за чего-л.

to make the air blue - ругаться, сквернословить; поносить (кого-л.); ≅ ругаться на чём свет стоит

to make the dust /feathers, fur/ fly - амер. а) затеять ссору, поднять бучу; б) накинуться (на кого-л.), распушить (кого-л.); ≅ задать жару (кому-л.)

to make it hot for smb. - а) взгреть /вздуть/ кого-л.; б) здорово выругать кого-л.; ≅ задать жару кому-л.

I shall make it hot for him! - я ему задам!; в) причинить неприятность кому-л., создать невыносимые условия для кого-л.

his enemies made the place too hot for him - недоброжелатели сделали его жизнь там невыносимой; враги выживали его оттуда

to make things lively for smb. - ≅ насолить кому-л., причинить кому-л. неприятности

to make a time /a day/ of it - хорошо провести время, повеселиться

to make a night of it - прокутить всю ночь напролёт; здорово повеселиться до утра

to make good cheer - пировать, веселиться

to make whoopee - амер. кутить; шумно веселиться

to make the welkin ring - поднимать неимоверный шум

to make no question of smth. - не сомневаться в чём-л., вполне допускать что-л.

to make no scruple to do smth. - делать что-л. со спокойной совестью; не постесняться сделать что-л.

to make no bones about /of/ smth. - а) не колебаться в чём-л.; б) не скрывать чего-л., не делать из чего-л. секрета /тайны/; в) не возражать против чего-л.

to make a long story short, to make short of long - короче говоря

to make odds even - устранить различия, сгладить разницу

to make the pot boil - а) зарабатывать на пропитание /на кусок хлеба/; б) халтурить

to make the hat go round - а) пустить шапку по кругу; б) организовать сбор пожертвований

to make a purse - а) собирать деньги (особ. по подписке); б) откладывать деньги

to make a bag - охот. убить немного дичи

to make the bag - охот. убить большую часть дичи ( из дневной добычи охотников)

to make book - принимать ставки на лошадей

as they make them /'em/ - чрезвычайно, исключительно, ужасно, чертовски

he is as stupid as they make them - он набитый дурак

to make a hole in smb. - всадить пулю в кого-л., застрелить кого-л.

to make a hole in the water - утопиться

to make water - а) мочиться; б) дать течь ( о корабле)

to make ducks and drakes - а) бросать плоские камешки на поверхность воды, «печь блины»; б) проматывать, разбазаривать; в) поступать безрассудно; рисковать

to make a Virginia fence - амер. идти качаясь, нетвёрдо держаться на ногах ( о пьяном или изображающем пьяного)

to make a leg - уст., шутл. отвесить старомодный поклон ( отставив одну ногу назад)

to make bricks without straw - а) работать без нужного материала; делать (что-л.) впустую; б) заниматься бесполезным делом

to make fish of one and flesh /foul/ of another - относиться к людям пристрастно /неодинаково/

to make or break /or mar/ - возвеличить или погубить; ≅ либо пан, либо пропал

to make a pint measure hold a quart - пытаться сделать явно невозможное

to make two bites of a cherry - а) делить что-л. и без того небольшое; б) ≅ стрелять из пушки по воробьям

to make a virtue of necessity - делать вид, что действуешь добровольно

to make old bones - дожить до глубокой старости

make it snappy! - покороче!; поскорее!; живо!

as you make your bed, so you must be upon /in, on/ it - ≅ что посеешь, то и пожнёшь

nine tailors make one man - ≅ из девяти хилых не сделаешь и одного здорового

one fool makes many - ≅ дураку всегда компания найдётся

make haste slowly - ≅ тише едешь, дальше будешь

др. сочетания см. под соответствующими словами

НБАРС > make

Страницы

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

I did most of the work

См. также в других словарях:

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

I did most of the work

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

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